您的设置中有几个混淆的要求，但我会尽量满足您的要求。

首先，如果要从man1test.py访问man1.py并从man1.py访问manModules.py，则需要将文件正确设置为packages and modules。Packages are a way of structuring Python’s module namespace by using

“dotted module names”. For example, the module name A.B designates a

submodule named B in a package named A.

...

When importing the package, Python searches through the directories on

sys.path looking for the package subdirectory.

The __init__.py files are required to make Python treat the

directories as containing packages; this is done to prevent

directories with a common name, such as string, from unintentionally

hiding valid modules that occur later on the module search path.

你需要设置成这样：man

|- __init__.py

|- Mans

|- __init__.py

|- man1.py

|- MansTest

|- __init.__.py

|- SoftLib

|- Soft

|- __init__.py

|- SoftWork

|- __init__.py

|- manModules.py

|- Unittests

|- __init__.py

|- man1test.py

对于由man1test.py中的from ...Mans import man1引起的“ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'Soft'”错误，文档化的解决方案是将man1.py添加到sys.path，因为Mans不在mantest包中。请参阅Python文档中的The Module Search Path。但如果不想直接修改sys.path，也可以修改PYTHONPATH：sys.path is initialized from these locations:The directory containing the input script (or the current directory when no file is specified).

PYTHONPATH (a list of directory names, with the same syntax as the shell variable PATH).

The installation-dependent default.

第三个，对于from ...MansTest.SoftLib import Soft，您说“是为了简化man1.py中的上述导入语句，这就是导入的工作方式。如果要导入man1.py中的Soft.SoftLib，则必须设置man1.py以找到Soft.SoftLib并直接导入。

这么说吧，我是怎么做到的。

男士1.py：from Soft.SoftWork.manModules import *

# no change to import statement but need to add Soft to PYTHONPATH

def foo():

print("called foo in man1.py")

print("foo call module1 from manModules: " + module1())

Man1测试# no need for "from ...MansTest.SoftLib import Soft" to facilitate importing..

from ...Mans import man1

man1.foo()

manModules.py版def module1():

return "module1 in manModules"

终端输出：$ python3 -m man.MansTest.Unittests.man1test

Traceback (most recent call last):

...

from ...Mans import man1

File "/temp/man/Mans/man1.py", line 2, in

from Soft.SoftWork.manModules import *

ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'Soft'

$ PYTHONPATH=$PYTHONPATH:/temp/man/MansTest/SoftLib

$ export PYTHONPATH

$ echo $PYTHONPATH

:/temp/man/MansTest/SoftLib

$ python3 -m man.MansTest.Unittests.man1test

called foo in man1.py

foo called module1 from manModules: module1 in manModules

作为一个建议，也许可以重新考虑那些SoftLib文件的用途。是不是在man1.py和man1test.py之间有某种“桥梁”？你现在的文件设置方式，我认为它不会像你期望的那样工作。另外，被测代码(man1.py)从测试文件夹(mantest)下导入内容也有点混乱。