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If you’re like most people, the idea of public speaking terrifies you (it terrifies me too). So how do you get over those jitters, get up on stage, and give an amazing talk? First, a disclaimer: this article is purely about your stage presence, not about crafting the content of your talk.

如果您像大多数人一样，公开演讲的想法会让您感到恐惧(也令我感到恐惧)。 那么，您如何克服这些烦恼，登上舞台并进行精彩的演讲？ 首先，免责声明：本文纯粹是关于您的舞台形象，而不是关于演讲内容的精心设计。

提示1：练习，练习，练习。 (Tip 1: Practice, practice, practice.)

Don’t just read through your notes, talk out loud. Talk to yourself, talk to your friends, talk to the mirror. It doesn’t matter where you practice as long as you do it out loud.

不要只是通读笔记，大声说出来。 与自己交谈，与朋友交谈，对着镜子交谈。 只要您大声练习，在哪里练习都没关系。

Get used to the sound of your own voice. It might sound strange at first, particularly if you haven’t done it before. But it will help you identify phrasing that sounds strange or points that don’t connect much more quickly than reading your notes in your head.

习惯自己的声音。 一开始听起来可能很奇怪，特别是如果您以前没有做过的话。 但这可以帮助您识别听起来很奇怪的短语或点不比阅读您的笔记快得多的点。

Often, when someone tells you that you sound ‘rehearsed,’ it actually means you haven’t practiced enough to make the speech sound conversational. If you’re feeling very brave, record yourself and watch your performance. Notice your movements. Do your hands distract from the points you’re trying to make? Do you sway back and forth nervously? Are you making eye contact?

通常，当有人告诉您您听起来“被彩排”时，实际上意味着您没有足够的练习来使语音听起来很会话。 如果您感觉非常勇敢，请记录自己并观看表演。 注意你的动作。 您的手会分散您要表达的观点吗？ 你紧张地来回摇摆吗？ 你在眼神交流吗？

提示2：倾听他人的声音。 (Tip 2: Listen to others.)

Watch others give talks. How do they speak, gesture, relate to the audience? Go to talks similar to the ones you want to give and pay attention - not just to the speaker’s content, but to their delivery. Do they seem excited about their talk? Are they making eye contact with the audience? What do they do with their hands? How quickly are the speaking? Now, pay attention to the audience. Are they engaged, or are they on their phones? Are you interested? Now think about why.

观看其他人进行演讲。 他们如何说话，打手势和与听众建立联系？ 进行与您要讲的话题类似的话题，并注意-不仅是演讲者的内容，还包括演讲内容。 他们似乎对他们的谈话感到兴奋吗？ 他们在与观众进行眼神交流吗？ 他们用手做什么？ 说话多快？ 现在，注意观众。 他们订婚了吗，还是在手机上？ 你感兴趣吗？ 现在考虑为什么。

If you need inspiration, check out these TED talks. All three speakers have very different talks and very different styles, but they have several things in common. They talk relatively slowly, pause often, and make deliberate hand gestures.

如果您需要灵感，请查看这些 TED 演讲 。 这三位演讲者的演讲和风格都大相径庭，但有一些共同点。 他们说话相对较慢，经常停顿，并刻意做手势。

The best advice I ever got before giving a speech (as I tend to talk very quickly) was to speak so slowly it felt painful. Particularly as most people tend to talk faster when nervous, it’s pretty great advice.

发表演讲(我倾向于很快交谈)之前曾经得到的最好建议我说话，所以慢慢地感觉痛苦。 特别是由于大多数人在紧张时往往说话速度更快，所以这是一个很好的建议。

Figure out where there is a natural break in your speech, and pause there. Take a deep breath. Hold it. Does it feel uncomfortable yet? You’re doing it right. Okay, keep going. At first, your speech cadence and pauses will feel far too slow. That’s okay. Keep doing it. On stage, when you’re nervous, you’ll naturally speed up, and your speech will feel normal.

找出语音中自然中断的地方，然后在此处暂停。 深吸一口气。 拿着它。 感觉还不舒服吗？ 您做对了。 好吧，继续前进。 首先，您的语音节奏和停顿会感觉太慢。 没关系。 继续做。 在舞台上，当您紧张时，您自然会加快速度，并且讲话会感觉正常。

提示3：避免阅读。 (Tip 3: Avoid Reading.)

Notes, or a script, are definitely easier, but they put up a barrier between you and your audience. Try your best to avoid staring down at a screen so that you’re not distracted by looking down. Spend your time focusing on the audience instead, in order to connect with them.

注释或脚本肯定更容易，但是它们在您和您的听众之间设置了障碍。 尽最大努力避免向下凝视屏幕，以免您向下看而分心。 花时间专注于观众，以便与他们建立联系。

提示4：开头和结尾。 (Tip 4: Beginnings and Endings.)

People tend to remember the beginnings and endings of things, while the middle tends to fall away. Open with something which gets your audience engaged (try asking a question, playing a game, or telling a fun anecdote). When you end, summarize your talk, and give one (or a short list) of key takeaways.

人们倾向于记住事物的开始和结束，而中间事物往往会消失。 打开一些可以吸引观众的东西(尝试问问题，玩游戏或讲述有趣的轶事)。 结束时，总结您的演讲，并给出一个(或一小段)主要要点。

In order to develop this, think about your audience leaving your talk. When someone asks them ‘What was that talk about?’, what do you want them to say? That’s your takeaway.

为了发展这一点，请考虑一下您的听众离开您的演讲。 当有人问他们“那是什么？”时，您想让他们说什么？ 那就是你的外卖。

提示5：保持相关性。 (Tip 5: Keep it Relevant.)

Try your best to keep the talk specific to this audience (even if you’ve given the same talk 100s of times). Can you incorporate a reference to a previous speaker? What about the place where you are, or the type of event? People will pay more attention, and appreciate the talk more, when they think it is directed at them.

尽力保持针对特定受众的演讲(即使您进行了100次相同的演讲)。 您可以引用以前的演讲者的参考文献吗？ 那你在哪里，或者活动的类型呢？ 当人们认为谈话针对他们时，他们会给予更多的关注，并更多地欣赏谈话。

Think about your audience and put yourself in their shoes. If you can, talk to the speakers before and after you. Can you connect your presentation to theirs?

考虑一下您的观众，让自己陷入困境。 如果可以，请与您前后的演讲者交谈。 您可以将演示文稿与他们的演示文稿联系起来吗？

提示5：幻灯片。 (Tip 5: Slides.)

Ensure that any slides you use are necessary and avoid words as much as possible. Any time you have words on your slides, you audience will stop to read them, and you’ll lose their attention. Keep words to a minimum, and keep the slides simple and relevant.

确保您使用的任何幻灯片都是必要的，并尽量避免说话。 每当幻灯片上有文字时，听众就会停止阅读它们，而您会失去注意力。 尽量减少用语，并保持幻灯片的简洁性和相关性。

If you're showing code snippets, make sure they're big enough that people in the back can read (my favorite suggestion I've received for how large a font you should use is to take the age of the oldest person in the room and halve it. Someone's 40? Great, make your text size 20. It's lighthearted, but it helps ensure your audience isn't squinting at the screen to read).

如果您要显示代码段，请确保它们足够大，以使后面的人可以阅读(我收到的我最喜欢的建议，关于您应该使用多大的字体，这是要考虑房间中年龄最大的人的年龄)有人40岁吗？太好了，使您的文本大小为20。它轻松愉快，但可确保您的听众不会在屏幕上斜视阅读。

提示6：前一天。 (Tip 6: One Day Before.)

Great, you’ve practiced, you’re ready, and you’re at the conference. Figure out where and when you’ll be speaking. Think about your audience at that time. Are they sleepy after lunch (how can you get them moving and engaged)? Is it first thing in the morning (great, they’re probably still really focused!)? Is it right before lunch (definitely end on time!)? If you can, check out the room ahead of time.

太好了，您已经练习了，已经准备好了，并且正在参加会议。 找出说话的地点和时间。 想一下当时的观众。 他们在午餐后是否困倦(如何使他们动起来并变得活跃)？ 是早上的第一件事(太好了，他们可能仍然很专注！)？ 是在午餐前就来(一定会准时结束！)吗？ 如果可以，请提前退房。

• How big is the area where you’ll have to stand?您必须站立的区域有多大？
• Where will your slides be broadcast?您的幻灯片将在哪里播放？
• How big is the room?房间有多大？
• Is there a timer available?有没有计时器？
• Can you test your presentation?您可以测试您的演示文稿吗？
• Where should you stand before your presentation?演讲前你应该站在哪里？
• Is someone announcing you?有人宣布你吗？
• What should you do if there’s a tech issue?如果遇到技术问题，该怎么办？
• Do you have a microphone? What kind (does it clip onto you, or is it on a podium)?你有麦克风吗？ 哪种类型(它会夹在您身上，还是在讲台上)？
• Does the audience have a mic for questions?观众有麦克风提问吗？

提示7：做好一切准备。 (Tip 7: Prepare for EVERYTHING.)

Assume that anything which can go wrong, will, and pack accordingly. With that in mind, what should you bring to your talk?

假设所有可能出错的东西都会相应包装。 考虑到这一点，您应该带些什么？

• Your (fully charged) laptop您的(充满电的)笔记本电脑
• An adapter to connect your laptop to ANYTHING将笔记本电脑连接到任何东西的适配器
• Charging Cable, adapter (if necessary)充电电缆，适配器(如有必要)
• Water水
• Slides clicker (if you have slides)幻灯片答题器(如果有幻灯片)
• Your slides on your laptop笔记本电脑上的幻灯片
• Your slides on a USBUSB上的幻灯片
• Your slides printed and ready to go您的幻灯片已打印并准备就绪
• If you have a live demo, make sure you also have a video pre-recorded in case something goes wrong如果您有现场演示，请确保还预先录制了视频，以防出现问题

提示8：保重身体。 (Tip 8: Take Care of Yourself.)

Get a good night’s sleep the night before. Don’t be afraid to call it an early night to review your presentation one more time. You don’t want to be hungover, tired, or sick tomorrow. If you’re jet-lagged, keep that in mind and make sure you’re well rested.

前一天晚上睡个好觉。 不要害怕称它为深夜，以再次查看您的演示文稿。 您不想明天感到宿醉，疲倦或生病。 如果您时机落后，请记住这一点，并确保您休息良好。

秘诀9：放松 (Tip 9: Relax)

Take a deep breath and give your speech. You’re going to be great! Personally, right before I get up on stage, I like to imagine the audience applauding at the end of a great talk. At that point, there’s no preparation left to do, and it helps calm my nerves to imagine the most positive outcome. Remember, everyone gets nervous. Public speaking is all about dealing with the nerves, and pushing through it.

深吸一口气并发表讲话。 您将很棒！ 就个人而言，就在我上台之前，我想像观众在精彩演讲的结尾鼓掌。 那时，没有任何准备可做，这可以帮助我安心想象最积极的结果。 记住，每个人都会紧张。 公开演讲就是与神经紧张并通过它进行斗争。

秘诀10：庆祝！ (Tip 10: Celebrate!)

Don’t forget to relax and celebrate your accomplishment afterward. Giving a talk can be really, really hard and just finishing it is an accomplishment.

不要忘了放松，然后庆祝自己的成就。 进行演讲可能非常非常困难，仅完成演讲是一项成就。

翻译自: https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/fear-of-public-speaking/

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