第一步：构建基本框架

1. 当前需要达到基本的模型：
   
   2.构建屏幕大小，可移动敌人与可移动游戏角色。

# pygame template - skeleton for  a  new python project, shmup game
import pygame
import random# define screen size
WIDTH = 480 # 360
HEIGHT = 600 # 480# FRAME PER SECOND
FPS = 60 # define colors
WHITE = (255, 255, 255)
BLACK = (0, 0, 0)
RED = (255, 0, 0)
GREEN = (0, 255, 0)
BLUE = (0, 0, 255)# initialize pygame and create wiindow
pygame.init()
pygame.mixer.init()
screen = pygame.display.set_mode((WIDTH, HEIGHT))
pygame.display.set_caption('Space Shooter')
clock = pygame.time.Clock()class Player(pygame.sprite.Sprite):# sprite for the playerdef __init__(self):pygame.sprite.Sprite.__init__(self)self.image = pygame.Surface((50, 40))self.image.fill(GREEN)self.rect = self.image.get_rect()self.rect.centerx = WIDTH / 2self.rect.bottom = HEIGHT - 10self.speedx = 0def update(self):self.speedx = 0keystate = pygame.key.get_pressed()if keystate[pygame.K_LEFT]:self.speedx = -5if keystate[pygame.K_RIGHT]:self.speedx = 5self.rect.x += self.speedxif self.rect.right > WIDTH:self.rect.right = WIDTHif self.rect.left < 0:self.rect.left = 0class Mob(pygame.sprite.Sprite):def __init__(self):pygame.sprite.Sprite.__init__(self)self.image = pygame.Surface((30, 40))self.image.fill(RED)self.rect = self.image.get_rect()self.rect.x = random.randrange(WIDTH - self.rect.width)self.rect.y = random.randrange(-100, -40)self.speedy = random.randrange(1, 8)self.speedx = random.randrange(-3, 3)def update(self):self.rect.x += self.speedxself.rect.y += self.speedyif self.rect.top > HEIGHT + 10 or self.rect.left < -25 or self.rect.right > WIDTH + 20:self.rect.x = random.randrange(WIDTH - self.rect.width)self.rect.y = random.randrange(-100, -40)self.speedy = random.randrange(1, 8)all_sprites = pygame.sprite.Group()
mobs = pygame.sprite.Group()
player = Player()
all_sprites.add(player)
for i in range(8):m = Mob()all_sprites.add(m)mobs.add(m)
# Game loop
running = True
while running:# keep loop running at the right speedclock.tick(FPS)# process input (event)for event in pygame.event.get():# check for closing windowsif event.type == pygame.QUIT:running = False# updateall_sprites.update()# Draw / renderscreen.fill(BLACK)# after drawing everything, flip the display# TWO SIDE OF SCREEN ONE FOR PROGRAMMER ONE FOR PLAYERall_sprites.draw(screen)pygame.display.flip() pygame.quit()

1. 构建冲突， 碰撞后退出游戏

​# pygame template - skeleton for  a  new python project, shmup game
import pygame
import random# define screen size
WIDTH = 480 # 360
HEIGHT = 600 # 480# FRAME PER SECOND
FPS = 60 # define colors
WHITE = (255, 255, 255)
BLACK = (0, 0, 0)
RED = (255, 0, 0)
GREEN = (0, 255, 0)
BLUE = (0, 0, 255)
YELLOW = (255, 255, 0)# initialize pygame and create wiindow
pygame.init()
pygame.mixer.init()
screen = pygame.display.set_mode((WIDTH, HEIGHT))
pygame.display.set_caption('Space Shooter')
clock = pygame.time.Clock()class Player(pygame.sprite.Sprite):# sprite for the playerdef __init__(self):pygame.sprite.Sprite.__init__(self)self.image = pygame.Surface((50, 40))self.image.fill(GREEN)self.rect = self.image.get_rect()self.rect.centerx = WIDTH / 2self.rect.bottom = HEIGHT - 10self.speedx = 0def update(self):self.speedx = 0keystate = pygame.key.get_pressed()if keystate[pygame.K_LEFT]:self.speedx = -5if keystate[pygame.K_RIGHT]:self.speedx = 5self.rect.x += self.speedxif self.rect.right > WIDTH:self.rect.right = WIDTHif self.rect.left < 0:self.rect.left = 0def shoot(self):bullet = Bullet(self.rect.centerx, self.rect.top)all_sprites.add(bullet)bullets.add(bullet)class Mob(pygame.sprite.Sprite):def __init__(self):pygame.sprite.Sprite.__init__(self)self.image = pygame.Surface((30, 40))self.image.fill(RED)self.rect = self.image.get_rect()self.rect.x = random.randrange(WIDTH - self.rect.width)self.rect.y = random.randrange(-100, -40)self.speedy = random.randrange(1, 8)self.speedx = random.randrange(-3, 3)def update(self):self.rect.x += self.speedxself.rect.y += self.speedyif self.rect.top > HEIGHT + 10 or self.rect.left < -25 or self.rect.right > WIDTH + 20:self.rect.x = random.randrange(WIDTH - self.rect.width)self.rect.y = random.randrange(-100, -40)self.speedy = random.randrange(1, 8)class Bullet(pygame.sprite.Sprite):def __init__(self, x, y):pygame.sprite.Sprite.__init__(self)self.image = pygame.Surface((10, 20))self.image.fill(YELLOW)self.rect = self.image.get_rect()self.rect.bottom = yself.rect.centerx = xself.speedy = -10def update(self):self.rect.y += self.speedy# kill if it moves off the top of the screenif self.rect.bottom < 0:self.kill()all_sprites = pygame.sprite.Group()
mobs = pygame.sprite.Group()
bullets = pygame.sprite.Group()
player = Player()
all_sprites.add(player)
for i in range(8):m = Mob()all_sprites.add(m)mobs.add(m)
# Game loop
running = True
while running:# keep loop running at the right speedclock.tick(FPS)# process input (event)for event in pygame.event.get():# check for closing windowsif event.type == pygame.QUIT:running = Falseelif event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN:if event.key == pygame.K_SPACE:player.shoot()# updateall_sprites.update()# check to see if a bullet hit a mobhits = pygame.sprite.groupcollide(mobs, bullets, True, True)for hit in hits:m = Mob()all_sprites.add(m)mobs.add(m)# check if a mob hit a playerhits = pygame.sprite.spritecollide(player, mobs, False)if hits:running = False# Draw / renderscreen.fill(BLACK)# after drawing everything, flip the display# TWO SIDE OF SCREEN ONE FOR PROGRAMMER ONE FOR PLAYERall_sprites.draw(screen)pygame.display.flip() pygame.quit()

1. 增加图形界面，看起来更像游戏：
   相关图片，可在pygame 官网下载
   

​# pygame template - skeleton for  a  new python project, shmup game
import pygame
import random
from os import path# find path if file
game_folder = path.dirname('C:\\Users\\ZZJ\\img')
img_dir = path.join(game_folder, 'img')
# define screen size
WIDTH = 480 # 360
HEIGHT = 600 # 480# FRAME PER SECOND
FPS = 60 # define colors
WHITE = (255, 255, 255)
BLACK = (0, 0, 0)
RED = (255, 0, 0)
GREEN = (0, 255, 0)
BLUE = (0, 0, 255)
YELLOW = (255, 255, 0)# initialize pygame and create wiindow
pygame.init()
pygame.mixer.init()
screen = pygame.display.set_mode((WIDTH, HEIGHT))
pygame.display.set_caption('Space Shooter')
clock = pygame.time.Clock()class Player(pygame.sprite.Sprite):# sprite for the playerdef __init__(self):pygame.sprite.Sprite.__init__(self)self.image = pygame.transform.scale(player_img, (50, 38))self.image.set_colorkey(BLACK)self.rect = self.image.get_rect()self.rect.centerx = WIDTH / 2self.rect.bottom = HEIGHT - 10self.speedx = 0def update(self):self.speedx = 0keystate = pygame.key.get_pressed()if keystate[pygame.K_LEFT]:self.speedx = -5if keystate[pygame.K_RIGHT]:self.speedx = 5self.rect.x += self.speedxif self.rect.right > WIDTH:self.rect.right = WIDTHif self.rect.left < 0:self.rect.left = 0def shoot(self):bullet = Bullet(self.rect.centerx, self.rect.top)all_sprites.add(bullet)bullets.add(bullet)class Mob(pygame.sprite.Sprite):def __init__(self):pygame.sprite.Sprite.__init__(self)self.image = meteor_imgself.image.set_colorkey(BLACK)self.rect = self.image.get_rect()self.rect.x = random.randrange(WIDTH - self.rect.width)self.rect.y = random.randrange(-100, -40)self.speedy = random.randrange(1, 8)self.speedx = random.randrange(-3, 3)def update(self):self.rect.x += self.speedxself.rect.y += self.speedyif self.rect.top > HEIGHT + 10 or self.rect.left < -25 or self.rect.right > WIDTH + 20:self.rect.x = random.randrange(WIDTH - self.rect.width)self.rect.y = random.randrange(-100, -40)self.speedy = random.randrange(1, 8)class Bullet(pygame.sprite.Sprite):def __init__(self, x, y):pygame.sprite.Sprite.__init__(self)self.image = bullet_imgself.image.set_colorkey(BLACK)self.rect = self.image.get_rect()self.rect.bottom = yself.rect.centerx = xself.speedy = -10def update(self):self.rect.y += self.speedy# kill if it moves off the top of the screenif self.rect.bottom < 0:self.kill()# load all game graphics
background = pygame.image.load(path.join(img_dir, 'blue.png')).convert()
background = pygame.transform.scale(background, (480, 600)) # change the size
background_rect = background.get_rect()
player_img = pygame.image.load(path.join(img_dir, 'playerShip1_orange.png'))
meteor_img = pygame.image.load(path.join(img_dir, 'meteorBrown_med1.png'))
bullet_img = pygame.image.load(path.join(img_dir, 'laserRed16.png'))
all_sprites = pygame.sprite.Group()
mobs = pygame.sprite.Group()
bullets = pygame.sprite.Group()
player = Player()
all_sprites.add(player)
for i in range(8):m = Mob()all_sprites.add(m)mobs.add(m)
# Game loop
running = True
while running:# keep loop running at the right speedclock.tick(FPS)# process input (event)for event in pygame.event.get():# check for closing windowsif event.type == pygame.QUIT:running = Falseelif event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN:if event.key == pygame.K_SPACE:player.shoot()# updateall_sprites.update()# check to see if a bullet hit a mobhits = pygame.sprite.groupcollide(mobs, bullets, True, True)for hit in hits:m = Mob()all_sprites.add(m)mobs.add(m)# check if a mob hit a playerhits = pygame.sprite.spritecollide(player, mobs, False)if hits:running = False# Draw / renderscreen.fill(BLACK)screen.blit(background, background_rect) # copy pixel of  one thing to another thing# after drawing everything, flip the display# TWO SIDE OF SCREEN ONE FOR PROGRAMMER ONE FOR PLAYERall_sprites.draw(screen)pygame.display.flip() pygame.quit()

1. 改善碰撞功能
   
   构建完美碰撞：
   

# pygame template - skeleton for  a  new python project, shmup game
import pygame
import random
from os import path# find path if file
game_folder = path.dirname('C:\\Users\\ZZJ\\img')
img_dir = path.join(game_folder, 'img')
# define screen size
WIDTH = 480 # 360
HEIGHT = 600 # 480# FRAME PER SECOND
FPS = 60 # define colors
WHITE = (255, 255, 255)
BLACK = (0, 0, 0)
RED = (255, 0, 0)
GREEN = (0, 255, 0)
BLUE = (0, 0, 255)
YELLOW = (255, 255, 0)# initialize pygame and create wiindow
pygame.init()
pygame.mixer.init()
screen = pygame.display.set_mode((WIDTH, HEIGHT))
pygame.display.set_caption('Space Shooter')
clock = pygame.time.Clock()class Player(pygame.sprite.Sprite):# sprite for the playerdef __init__(self):pygame.sprite.Sprite.__init__(self)self.image = pygame.transform.scale(player_img, (50, 38))self.image.set_colorkey(BLACK)self.rect = self.image.get_rect()self.radius = 20# pygame.draw.circle(self.image, RED, self.rect.center, self.radius)self.rect.centerx = WIDTH / 2self.rect.bottom = HEIGHT - 10self.speedx = 0def update(self):self.speedx = 0keystate = pygame.key.get_pressed()if keystate[pygame.K_LEFT]:self.speedx = -5if keystate[pygame.K_RIGHT]:self.speedx = 5self.rect.x += self.speedxif self.rect.right > WIDTH:self.rect.right = WIDTHif self.rect.left < 0:self.rect.left = 0def shoot(self):bullet = Bullet(self.rect.centerx, self.rect.top)all_sprites.add(bullet)bullets.add(bullet)class Mob(pygame.sprite.Sprite):def __init__(self):pygame.sprite.Sprite.__init__(self)self.image = meteor_imgself.image.set_colorkey(BLACK)self.rect = self.image.get_rect()self.radius = int(self.rect.width * .85 / 2)# pygame.draw.circle(self.image, RED, self.rect.center, self.radius)self.rect.x = random.randrange(WIDTH - self.rect.width)self.rect.y = random.randrange(-100, -40)self.speedy = random.randrange(1, 8)self.speedx = random.randrange(-3, 3)def update(self):self.rect.x += self.speedxself.rect.y += self.speedyif self.rect.top > HEIGHT + 10 or self.rect.left < -25 or self.rect.right > WIDTH + 20:self.rect.x = random.randrange(WIDTH - self.rect.width)self.rect.y = random.randrange(-100, -40)self.speedy = random.randrange(1, 8)class Bullet(pygame.sprite.Sprite):def __init__(self, x, y):pygame.sprite.Sprite.__init__(self)self.image = bullet_imgself.image.set_colorkey(BLACK)self.rect = self.image.get_rect()self.rect.bottom = yself.rect.centerx = xself.speedy = -10def update(self):self.rect.y += self.speedy# kill if it moves off the top of the screenif self.rect.bottom < 0:self.kill()# load all game graphics
background = pygame.image.load(path.join(img_dir, 'blue.png')).convert()
background = pygame.transform.scale(background, (480, 600)) # change the size
background_rect = background.get_rect()
player_img = pygame.image.load(path.join(img_dir, 'playerShip1_orange.png'))
meteor_img = pygame.image.load(path.join(img_dir, 'meteorBrown_med1.png'))
bullet_img = pygame.image.load(path.join(img_dir, 'laserRed16.png'))
all_sprites = pygame.sprite.Group()
mobs = pygame.sprite.Group()
bullets = pygame.sprite.Group()
player = Player()
all_sprites.add(player)
for i in range(8):m = Mob()all_sprites.add(m)mobs.add(m)
# Game loop
running = True
while running:# keep loop running at the right speedclock.tick(FPS)# process input (event)for event in pygame.event.get():# check for closing windowsif event.type == pygame.QUIT:running = Falseelif event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN:if event.key == pygame.K_SPACE:player.shoot()# updateall_sprites.update()# check to see if a bullet hit a mobhits = pygame.sprite.groupcollide(mobs, bullets, True, True)for hit in hits:m = Mob()all_sprites.add(m)mobs.add(m)# check if a mob hit a playerhits = pygame.sprite.spritecollide(player, mobs, False, pygame.sprite.collide_circle)if hits:running = False# Draw / renderscreen.fill(BLACK)screen.blit(background, background_rect) # copy pixel of  one thing to another thing# after drawing everything, flip the display# TWO SIDE OF SCREEN ONE FOR PROGRAMMER ONE FOR PLAYERall_sprites.draw(screen)pygame.display.flip() pygame.quit()

1. 增加动画效果， 增加不同石头
   

# pygame template - skeleton for  a  new python project, shmup game
import pygame
import random
from os import path# find path if file
game_folder = path.dirname('C:\\Users\\ZZJ\\img')
img_dir = path.join(game_folder, 'img')
# define screen size
WIDTH = 480 # 360
HEIGHT = 600 # 480# FRAME PER SECOND
FPS = 60 # define colors
WHITE = (255, 255, 255)
BLACK = (0, 0, 0)
RED = (255, 0, 0)
GREEN = (0, 255, 0)
BLUE = (0, 0, 255)
YELLOW = (255, 255, 0)# initialize pygame and create wiindow
pygame.init()
pygame.mixer.init()
screen = pygame.display.set_mode((WIDTH, HEIGHT))
pygame.display.set_caption('Space Shooter')
clock = pygame.time.Clock()class Player(pygame.sprite.Sprite):# sprite for the playerdef __init__(self):pygame.sprite.Sprite.__init__(self)self.image = pygame.transform.scale(player_img, (50, 38))self.image.set_colorkey(BLACK)self.rect = self.image.get_rect()self.radius = 20# pygame.draw.circle(self.image, RED, self.rect.center, self.radius)self.rect.centerx = WIDTH / 2self.rect.bottom = HEIGHT - 10self.speedx = 0def update(self):self.speedx = 0keystate = pygame.key.get_pressed()if keystate[pygame.K_LEFT]:self.speedx = -5if keystate[pygame.K_RIGHT]:self.speedx = 5self.rect.x += self.speedxif self.rect.right > WIDTH:self.rect.right = WIDTHif self.rect.left < 0:self.rect.left = 0def shoot(self):bullet = Bullet(self.rect.centerx, self.rect.top)all_sprites.add(bullet)bullets.add(bullet)class Mob(pygame.sprite.Sprite):def __init__(self):pygame.sprite.Sprite.__init__(self)self.image_orig = random.choice(meteor_images)self.image_orig.set_colorkey(BLACK)self.image = self.image_orig.copy()self.rect = self.image.get_rect()self.radius = int(self.rect.width * .85 / 2)# pygame.draw.circle(self.image, RED, self.rect.center, self.radius)self.rect.x = random.randrange(WIDTH - self.rect.width)self.rect.y = random.randrange(-150, -100)self.speedy = random.randrange(1, 8)self.speedx = random.randrange(-3, 3)self.rot = 0self.rot_speed = random.randrange(-8, 8)self.last_update = pygame.time.get_ticks()def rotate(self):now = pygame.time.get_ticks()if now - self.last_update > 50:self.last_update = nowself.rot = (self.rot + self.rot_speed) % 360new_image = pygame.transform.rotate(self.image_orig, self.rot)old_center = self.rect.centerself.image = new_imageself.rect = self.image.get_rect()self.rect.center = old_centerdef update(self):self.rotate()self.rect.x += self.speedxself.rect.y += self.speedyif self.rect.top > HEIGHT + 10 or self.rect.left < -25 or self.rect.right > WIDTH + 20:self.rect.x = random.randrange(WIDTH - self.rect.width)self.rect.y = random.randrange(-100, -40)self.speedy = random.randrange(1, 8)class Bullet(pygame.sprite.Sprite):def __init__(self, x, y):pygame.sprite.Sprite.__init__(self)self.image = bullet_imgself.image.set_colorkey(BLACK)self.rect = self.image.get_rect()self.rect.bottom = yself.rect.centerx = xself.speedy = -10def update(self):self.rect.y += self.speedy# kill if it moves off the top of the screenif self.rect.bottom < 0:self.kill()# load all game graphics
background = pygame.image.load(path.join(img_dir, 'blue.png')).convert()
background = pygame.transform.scale(background, (480, 600)) # change the size
background_rect = background.get_rect()
player_img = pygame.image.load(path.join(img_dir, 'playerShip1_orange.png'))
# meteor_img = pygame.image.load(path.join(img_dir, 'meteorBrown_med1.png'))
meteor_images = []
meteor_list = ['meteorBrown_big1.png', 'meteorBrown_big2.png', 'meteorBrown_med1.png','meteorBrown_med2.png', 'meteorBrown_small1.png', 'meteorBrown_small2.png','meteorBrown_tiny1.png']
for img in meteor_list:meteor_images.append(pygame.image.load(path.join(img_dir, img)).convert())
bullet_img = pygame.image.load(path.join(img_dir, 'laserRed16.png'))
all_sprites = pygame.sprite.Group()
mobs = pygame.sprite.Group()
bullets = pygame.sprite.Group()
player = Player()
all_sprites.add(player)
for i in range(8):m = Mob()all_sprites.add(m)mobs.add(m)
# Game loop
running = True
while running:# keep loop running at the right speedclock.tick(FPS)# process input (event)for event in pygame.event.get():# check for closing windowsif event.type == pygame.QUIT:running = Falseelif event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN:if event.key == pygame.K_SPACE:player.shoot()# updateall_sprites.update()# check to see if a bullet hit a mobhits = pygame.sprite.groupcollide(mobs, bullets, True, True)for hit in hits:m = Mob()all_sprites.add(m)mobs.add(m)# check if a mob hit a playerhits = pygame.sprite.spritecollide(player, mobs, False, pygame.sprite.collide_circle)if hits:running = False# Draw / renderscreen.fill(BLACK)screen.blit(background, background_rect) # copy pixel of  one thing to another thing# after drawing everything, flip the display# TWO SIDE OF SCREEN ONE FOR PROGRAMMER ONE FOR PLAYERall_sprites.draw(screen)pygame.display.flip() pygame.quit()

1. 增加打分功能， 并能够发射子弹
   

# pygame template - skeleton for  a  new python project, shmup game
import pygame
import random
from os import path# find path if file
game_folder = path.dirname('C:\\Users\\ZZJ\\img')
img_dir = path.join(game_folder, 'img')
# define screen size
WIDTH = 480 # 360
HEIGHT = 600 # 480# FRAME PER SECOND
FPS = 60 # define colors
WHITE = (255, 255, 255)
BLACK = (0, 0, 0)
RED = (255, 0, 0)
GREEN = (0, 255, 0)
BLUE = (0, 0, 255)
YELLOW = (255, 255, 0)# initialize pygame and create wiindow
pygame.init()
pygame.mixer.init()
screen = pygame.display.set_mode((WIDTH, HEIGHT))
pygame.display.set_caption('Space Shooter')
clock = pygame.time.Clock()font_name = pygame.font.match_font('arial')
def draw_text(surf, text, size, x, y):font = pygame.font.Font(font_name, size)text_surface = font.render(text, True, WHITE)text_rect = text_surface.get_rect()text_rect.midtop = (x, y)surf.blit(text_surface, text_rect)class Player(pygame.sprite.Sprite):# sprite for the playerdef __init__(self):pygame.sprite.Sprite.__init__(self)self.image = pygame.transform.scale(player_img, (50, 38))self.image.set_colorkey(BLACK)self.rect = self.image.get_rect()self.radius = 20# pygame.draw.circle(self.image, RED, self.rect.center, self.radius)self.rect.centerx = WIDTH / 2self.rect.bottom = HEIGHT - 10self.speedx = 0def update(self):self.speedx = 0keystate = pygame.key.get_pressed()if keystate[pygame.K_LEFT]:self.speedx = -5if keystate[pygame.K_RIGHT]:self.speedx = 5self.rect.x += self.speedxif self.rect.right > WIDTH:self.rect.right = WIDTHif self.rect.left < 0:self.rect.left = 0def shoot(self):bullet = Bullet(self.rect.centerx, self.rect.top)all_sprites.add(bullet)bullets.add(bullet)class Mob(pygame.sprite.Sprite):def __init__(self):pygame.sprite.Sprite.__init__(self)self.image_orig = random.choice(meteor_images)self.image_orig.set_colorkey(BLACK)self.image = self.image_orig.copy()self.rect = self.image.get_rect()self.radius = int(self.rect.width * .85 / 2)# pygame.draw.circle(self.image, RED, self.rect.center, self.radius)self.rect.x = random.randrange(WIDTH - self.rect.width)self.rect.y = random.randrange(-150, -100)self.speedy = random.randrange(1, 8)self.speedx = random.randrange(-3, 3)self.rot = 0self.rot_speed = random.randrange(-8, 8)self.last_update = pygame.time.get_ticks()def rotate(self):now = pygame.time.get_ticks()if now - self.last_update > 50:self.last_update = nowself.rot = (self.rot + self.rot_speed) % 360new_image = pygame.transform.rotate(self.image_orig, self.rot)old_center = self.rect.centerself.image = new_imageself.rect = self.image.get_rect()self.rect.center = old_centerdef update(self):self.rotate()self.rect.x += self.speedxself.rect.y += self.speedyif self.rect.top > HEIGHT + 10 or self.rect.left < -25 or self.rect.right > WIDTH + 20:self.rect.x = random.randrange(WIDTH - self.rect.width)self.rect.y = random.randrange(-100, -40)self.speedy = random.randrange(1, 8)class Bullet(pygame.sprite.Sprite):def __init__(self, x, y):pygame.sprite.Sprite.__init__(self)self.image = bullet_imgself.image.set_colorkey(BLACK)self.rect = self.image.get_rect()self.rect.bottom = yself.rect.centerx = xself.speedy = -10def update(self):self.rect.y += self.speedy# kill if it moves off the top of the screenif self.rect.bottom < 0:self.kill()# load all game graphics
background = pygame.image.load(path.join(img_dir, 'blue.png')).convert()
background = pygame.transform.scale(background, (480, 600)) # change the size
background_rect = background.get_rect()
player_img = pygame.image.load(path.join(img_dir, 'playerShip1_orange.png'))
# meteor_img = pygame.image.load(path.join(img_dir, 'meteorBrown_med1.png'))
meteor_images = []
meteor_list = ['meteorBrown_big1.png', 'meteorBrown_big2.png', 'meteorBrown_med1.png','meteorBrown_med2.png', 'meteorBrown_small1.png', 'meteorBrown_small2.png','meteorBrown_tiny1.png']
for img in meteor_list:meteor_images.append(pygame.image.load(path.join(img_dir, img)).convert())
bullet_img = pygame.image.load(path.join(img_dir, 'laserRed16.png'))
all_sprites = pygame.sprite.Group()
mobs = pygame.sprite.Group()
bullets = pygame.sprite.Group()
player = Player()
all_sprites.add(player)
for i in range(8):m = Mob()all_sprites.add(m)mobs.add(m)
score = 0
# Game loop
running = True
while running:# keep loop running at the right speedclock.tick(FPS)# process input (event)for event in pygame.event.get():# check for closing windowsif event.type == pygame.QUIT:running = Falseelif event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN:if event.key == pygame.K_SPACE:player.shoot()# updateall_sprites.update()# check to see if a bullet hit a mobhits = pygame.sprite.groupcollide(mobs, bullets, True, True)for hit in hits:score += 50 - hit.radiusm = Mob()all_sprites.add(m)mobs.add(m)# check if a mob hit a playerhits = pygame.sprite.spritecollide(player, mobs, False, pygame.sprite.collide_circle)if hits:running = False# Draw / renderscreen.fill(BLACK)screen.blit(background, background_rect) # copy pixel of  one thing to another thing# after drawing everything, flip the display# TWO SIDE OF SCREEN ONE FOR PROGRAMMER ONE FOR PLAYERall_sprites.draw(screen)draw_text(screen, str(score), 18, WIDTH / 2, 10)pygame.display.flip() pygame.quit()

1. 增加背景音乐和音效

# pygame template - skeleton for  a  new python project, shmup game
# music : Instrument samples in this recording are from the Garritan Personal Orchestra.
import pygame
import random
from os import path# find path if file
game_folder = path.dirname('C:\\Users\\ZZJ\\img')
img_dir = path.join(game_folder, 'img')
snd_dir = path.join(img_dir, 'snd2')
# define screen size
WIDTH = 480 # 360
HEIGHT = 600 # 480# FRAME PER SECOND
FPS = 60 # define colors
WHITE = (255, 255, 255)
BLACK = (0, 0, 0)
RED = (255, 0, 0)
GREEN = (0, 255, 0)
BLUE = (0, 0, 255)
YELLOW = (255, 255, 0)# initialize pygame and create wiindow
pygame.init()
pygame.mixer.init()
screen = pygame.display.set_mode((WIDTH, HEIGHT))
pygame.display.set_caption('Space Shooter')
clock = pygame.time.Clock()font_name = pygame.font.match_font('arial')
def draw_text(surf, text, size, x, y):font = pygame.font.Font(font_name, size)text_surface = font.render(text, True, WHITE)text_rect = text_surface.get_rect()text_rect.midtop = (x, y)surf.blit(text_surface, text_rect)class Player(pygame.sprite.Sprite):# sprite for the playerdef __init__(self):pygame.sprite.Sprite.__init__(self)self.image = pygame.transform.scale(player_img, (50, 38))self.image.set_colorkey(BLACK)self.rect = self.image.get_rect()self.radius = 20# pygame.draw.circle(self.image, RED, self.rect.center, self.radius)self.rect.centerx = WIDTH / 2self.rect.bottom = HEIGHT - 10self.speedx = 0def update(self):self.speedx = 0keystate = pygame.key.get_pressed()if keystate[pygame.K_LEFT]:self.speedx = -5if keystate[pygame.K_RIGHT]:self.speedx = 5self.rect.x += self.speedxif self.rect.right > WIDTH:self.rect.right = WIDTHif self.rect.left < 0:self.rect.left = 0def shoot(self):bullet = Bullet(self.rect.centerx, self.rect.top)all_sprites.add(bullet)bullets.add(bullet)shoot_sound.play()class Mob(pygame.sprite.Sprite):def __init__(self):pygame.sprite.Sprite.__init__(self)self.image_orig = random.choice(meteor_images)self.image_orig.set_colorkey(BLACK)self.image = self.image_orig.copy()self.rect = self.image.get_rect()self.radius = int(self.rect.width * .85 / 2)# pygame.draw.circle(self.image, RED, self.rect.center, self.radius)self.rect.x = random.randrange(WIDTH - self.rect.width)self.rect.y = random.randrange(-150, -100)self.speedy = random.randrange(1, 8)self.speedx = random.randrange(-3, 3)self.rot = 0self.rot_speed = random.randrange(-8, 8)self.last_update = pygame.time.get_ticks()def rotate(self):now = pygame.time.get_ticks()if now - self.last_update > 50:self.last_update = nowself.rot = (self.rot + self.rot_speed) % 360new_image = pygame.transform.rotate(self.image_orig, self.rot)old_center = self.rect.centerself.image = new_imageself.rect = self.image.get_rect()self.rect.center = old_centerdef update(self):self.rotate()self.rect.x += self.speedxself.rect.y += self.speedyif self.rect.top > HEIGHT + 10 or self.rect.left < -25 or self.rect.right > WIDTH + 20:self.rect.x = random.randrange(WIDTH - self.rect.width)self.rect.y = random.randrange(-100, -40)self.speedy = random.randrange(1, 8)class Bullet(pygame.sprite.Sprite):def __init__(self, x, y):pygame.sprite.Sprite.__init__(self)self.image = bullet_imgself.image.set_colorkey(BLACK)self.rect = self.image.get_rect()self.rect.bottom = yself.rect.centerx = xself.speedy = -10def update(self):self.rect.y += self.speedy# kill if it moves off the top of the screenif self.rect.bottom < 0:self.kill()# load all game graphics
background = pygame.image.load(path.join(img_dir, 'blue.png')).convert()
background = pygame.transform.scale(background, (480, 600)) # change the size
background_rect = background.get_rect()
player_img = pygame.image.load(path.join(img_dir, 'playerShip1_orange.png'))
# meteor_img = pygame.image.load(path.join(img_dir, 'meteorBrown_med1.png'))
meteor_images = []
meteor_list = ['meteorBrown_big1.png', 'meteorBrown_big2.png', 'meteorBrown_med1.png','meteorBrown_med2.png', 'meteorBrown_small1.png', 'meteorBrown_small2.png','meteorBrown_tiny1.png']
for img in meteor_list:meteor_images.append(pygame.image.load(path.join(img_dir, img)).convert())
# load all game sounds
shoot_sound = pygame.mixer.Sound(path.join(snd_dir, 'Laser_Shoot30.wav'))
expl_sounds = []
for snd in ['Explosion30.wav', 'Explosion41.wav']:expl_sounds.append(pygame.mixer.Sound(path.join(snd_dir, snd)))
# ;oad music
pygame.mixer.music.load(path.join(snd_dir, 'little_town.ogg'))
pygame.mixer.music.set_volume(0.6)bullet_img = pygame.image.load(path.join(img_dir, 'laserRed16.png'))
all_sprites = pygame.sprite.Group()
mobs = pygame.sprite.Group()
bullets = pygame.sprite.Group()
player = Player()
all_sprites.add(player)
for i in range(8):m = Mob()all_sprites.add(m)mobs.add(m)
score = 0
pygame.mixer.music.play(loops = -1)
# Game loop
running = True
while running:# keep loop running at the right speedclock.tick(FPS)# process input (event)for event in pygame.event.get():# check for closing windowsif event.type == pygame.QUIT:running = Falseelif event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN:if event.key == pygame.K_SPACE:player.shoot()# updateall_sprites.update()# check to see if a bullet hit a mobhits = pygame.sprite.groupcollide(mobs, bullets, True, True)for hit in hits:score += 50 - hit.radiusrandom.choice(expl_sounds).play()m = Mob()all_sprites.add(m)mobs.add(m)# check if a mob hit a playerhits = pygame.sprite.spritecollide(player, mobs, False, pygame.sprite.collide_circle)if hits:running = False# Draw / renderscreen.fill(BLACK)screen.blit(background, background_rect) # copy pixel of  one thing to another thing# after drawing everything, flip the display# TWO SIDE OF SCREEN ONE FOR PROGRAMMER ONE FOR PLAYERall_sprites.draw(screen)draw_text(screen, str(score), 18, WIDTH / 2, 10)pygame.display.flip() pygame.quit()

1. 增加血量，不然一击必死
   

# pygame template - skeleton for  a  new python project, shmup game
# music : Instrument samples in this recording are from the Garritan Personal Orchestra.
import pygame
import random
from os import path# find path if file
game_folder = path.dirname('C:\\Users\\ZZJ\\img')
img_dir = path.join(game_folder, 'img')
snd_dir = path.join(img_dir, 'snd2')
# define screen size
WIDTH = 480 # 360
HEIGHT = 600 # 480# FRAME PER SECOND
FPS = 60 # define colors
WHITE = (255, 255, 255)
BLACK = (0, 0, 0)
RED = (255, 0, 0)
GREEN = (0, 255, 0)
BLUE = (0, 0, 255)
YELLOW = (255, 255, 0)# initialize pygame and create wiindow
pygame.init()
pygame.mixer.init()
screen = pygame.display.set_mode((WIDTH, HEIGHT))
pygame.display.set_caption('Space Shooter')
clock = pygame.time.Clock()font_name = pygame.font.match_font('arial')
def draw_text(surf, text, size, x, y):font = pygame.font.Font(font_name, size)text_surface = font.render(text, True, WHITE)text_rect = text_surface.get_rect()text_rect.midtop = (x, y)surf.blit(text_surface, text_rect)def newmob():m = Mob()all_sprites.add(m)mobs.add(m)def draw_shield_bar(surf, x, y, pct):if pct < 0:pct = 0BAR_LENGTH = 100BAR_HEIGHT = 10fill = (pct / 100) * BAR_LENGTHoutline_rect = pygame.Rect(x, y, BAR_LENGTH, BAR_HEIGHT)fill_rect = pygame.Rect(x, y, fill, BAR_HEIGHT)pygame.draw.rect(surf, GREEN, fill_rect)pygame.draw.rect(surf, WHITE, outline_rect, 2)class Player(pygame.sprite.Sprite):# sprite for the playerdef __init__(self):pygame.sprite.Sprite.__init__(self)self.image = pygame.transform.scale(player_img, (50, 38))self.image.set_colorkey(BLACK)self.rect = self.image.get_rect()self.radius = 20# pygame.draw.circle(self.image, RED, self.rect.center, self.radius)self.rect.centerx = WIDTH / 2self.rect.bottom = HEIGHT - 10self.speedx = 0self.shield = 100def update(self):self.speedx = 0keystate = pygame.key.get_pressed()if keystate[pygame.K_LEFT]:self.speedx = -5if keystate[pygame.K_RIGHT]:self.speedx = 5self.rect.x += self.speedxif self.rect.right > WIDTH:self.rect.right = WIDTHif self.rect.left < 0:self.rect.left = 0def shoot(self):bullet = Bullet(self.rect.centerx, self.rect.top)all_sprites.add(bullet)bullets.add(bullet)shoot_sound.play()class Mob(pygame.sprite.Sprite):def __init__(self):pygame.sprite.Sprite.__init__(self)self.image_orig = random.choice(meteor_images)self.image_orig.set_colorkey(BLACK)self.image = self.image_orig.copy()self.rect = self.image.get_rect()self.radius = int(self.rect.width * .85 / 2)# pygame.draw.circle(self.image, RED, self.rect.center, self.radius)self.rect.x = random.randrange(WIDTH - self.rect.width)self.rect.y = random.randrange(-150, -100)self.speedy = random.randrange(1, 8)self.speedx = random.randrange(-3, 3)self.rot = 0self.rot_speed = random.randrange(-8, 8)self.last_update = pygame.time.get_ticks()def rotate(self):now = pygame.time.get_ticks()if now - self.last_update > 50:self.last_update = nowself.rot = (self.rot + self.rot_speed) % 360new_image = pygame.transform.rotate(self.image_orig, self.rot)old_center = self.rect.centerself.image = new_imageself.rect = self.image.get_rect()self.rect.center = old_centerdef update(self):self.rotate()self.rect.x += self.speedxself.rect.y += self.speedyif self.rect.top > HEIGHT + 10 or self.rect.left < -25 or self.rect.right > WIDTH + 20:self.rect.x = random.randrange(WIDTH - self.rect.width)self.rect.y = random.randrange(-100, -40)self.speedy = random.randrange(1, 8)class Bullet(pygame.sprite.Sprite):def __init__(self, x, y):pygame.sprite.Sprite.__init__(self)self.image = bullet_imgself.image.set_colorkey(BLACK)self.rect = self.image.get_rect()self.rect.bottom = yself.rect.centerx = xself.speedy = -10def update(self):self.rect.y += self.speedy# kill if it moves off the top of the screenif self.rect.bottom < 0:self.kill()# load all game graphics
background = pygame.image.load(path.join(img_dir, 'blue.png')).convert()
background = pygame.transform.scale(background, (480, 600)) # change the size
background_rect = background.get_rect()
player_img = pygame.image.load(path.join(img_dir, 'playerShip1_orange.png'))
# meteor_img = pygame.image.load(path.join(img_dir, 'meteorBrown_med1.png'))
meteor_images = []
meteor_list = ['meteorBrown_big1.png', 'meteorBrown_big2.png', 'meteorBrown_med1.png','meteorBrown_med2.png', 'meteorBrown_small1.png', 'meteorBrown_small2.png','meteorBrown_tiny1.png']
for img in meteor_list:meteor_images.append(pygame.image.load(path.join(img_dir, img)).convert())
# load all game sounds
shoot_sound = pygame.mixer.Sound(path.join(snd_dir, 'Laser_Shoot30.wav'))
expl_sounds = []
for snd in ['Explosion30.wav', 'Explosion41.wav']:expl_sounds.append(pygame.mixer.Sound(path.join(snd_dir, snd)))
# ;oad music
pygame.mixer.music.load(path.join(snd_dir, 'little_town.ogg'))
pygame.mixer.music.set_volume(0.6)bullet_img = pygame.image.load(path.join(img_dir, 'laserRed16.png'))
all_sprites = pygame.sprite.Group()
mobs = pygame.sprite.Group()
bullets = pygame.sprite.Group()
player = Player()
all_sprites.add(player)
for i in range(8):newmob()score = 0
pygame.mixer.music.play(loops = -1)
# Game loop
running = True
while running:# keep loop running at the right speedclock.tick(FPS)# process input (event)for event in pygame.event.get():# check for closing windowsif event.type == pygame.QUIT:running = Falseelif event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN:if event.key == pygame.K_SPACE:player.shoot()# updateall_sprites.update()# check to see if a bullet hit a mobhits = pygame.sprite.groupcollide(mobs, bullets, True, True)for hit in hits:score += 50 - hit.radiusrandom.choice(expl_sounds).play()newmob()# check if a mob hit a playerhits = pygame.sprite.spritecollide(player, mobs, True, pygame.sprite.collide_circle)for hit in hits:player.shield -= hit.radius * 2newmob()if player.shield <= 0:running = False# Draw / renderscreen.fill(BLACK)screen.blit(background, background_rect) # copy pixel of  one thing to another thingall_sprites.draw(screen)draw_text(screen, str(score), 18, WIDTH / 2, 10)draw_shield_bar(screen, 5, 5, player.shield)# after drawing everything, flip the display, TWO SIDE OF SCREEN ONE FOR PROGRAMMER ONE FOR PLAYERpygame.display.flip() pygame.quit()

1. 增加爆炸效果，增加生命数量
   

# pygame template - skeleton for  a  new python project, shmup game
# music : Instrument samples in this recording are from the Garritan Personal Orchestra.
import pygame
import random
from os import path# find path if file
game_folder = path.dirname('C:\\Users\\ZZJ\\img')
img_dir = path.join(game_folder, 'img')
snd_dir = path.join(img_dir, 'snd2')
# define screen size
WIDTH = 480 # 360
HEIGHT = 600 # 480# FRAME PER SECOND
FPS = 60 # define colors
WHITE = (255, 255, 255)
BLACK = (0, 0, 0)
RED = (255, 0, 0)
GREEN = (0, 255, 0)
BLUE = (0, 0, 255)
YELLOW = (255, 255, 0)# initialize pygame and create wiindow
pygame.init()
pygame.mixer.init()
screen = pygame.display.set_mode((WIDTH, HEIGHT))
pygame.display.set_caption('Space Shooter')
clock = pygame.time.Clock()font_name = pygame.font.match_font('arial')
def draw_text(surf, text, size, x, y):font = pygame.font.Font(font_name, size)text_surface = font.render(text, True, WHITE)text_rect = text_surface.get_rect()text_rect.midtop = (x, y)surf.blit(text_surface, text_rect)def newmob():m = Mob()all_sprites.add(m)mobs.add(m)def draw_shield_bar(surf, x, y, pct):if pct < 0:pct = 0BAR_LENGTH = 100BAR_HEIGHT = 10fill = (pct / 100) * BAR_LENGTHoutline_rect = pygame.Rect(x, y, BAR_LENGTH, BAR_HEIGHT)fill_rect = pygame.Rect(x, y, fill, BAR_HEIGHT)pygame.draw.rect(surf, GREEN, fill_rect)pygame.draw.rect(surf, WHITE, outline_rect, 2)def draw_lives(surf, x, y, lives, img):for i in range(lives):img_rect = img.get_rect()img_rect.x = x + 30 * iimg_rect.y = ysurf.blit(img, img_rect)class Player(pygame.sprite.Sprite):# sprite for the playerdef __init__(self):pygame.sprite.Sprite.__init__(self)self.image = pygame.transform.scale(player_img, (50, 38))self.image.set_colorkey(BLACK)self.rect = self.image.get_rect()self.radius = 20# pygame.draw.circle(self.image, RED, self.rect.center, self.radius)self.rect.centerx = WIDTH / 2self.rect.bottom = HEIGHT - 10self.speedx = 0self.shield = 100self.shoot_delay = 250 # hold space keep shootingself.last_shot = pygame.time.get_ticks()self.lives = 3self.hidden = Falseself.hide_timer = pygame.time.get_ticks()def update(self):# unhide if hiddenif self.hidden and pygame.time.get_ticks() - self.hide_timer > 1000:self.hidden = Falseself.rect.centerx = WIDTH / 2self.rect.bottom = HEIGHT - 10self.speedx = 0keystate = pygame.key.get_pressed()if keystate[pygame.K_LEFT]:self.speedx = -8if keystate[pygame.K_RIGHT]:self.speedx = 8if keystate[pygame.K_SPACE]:self.shoot()self.rect.x += self.speedxif self.rect.right > WIDTH:self.rect.right = WIDTHif self.rect.left < 0:self.rect.left = 0def shoot(self):now = pygame.time.get_ticks()if now - self.last_shot > self.shoot_delay:self.last_shot = now # self.last_shoot = now , keep shootingbullet = Bullet(self.rect.centerx, self.rect.top)all_sprites.add(bullet)bullets.add(bullet)shoot_sound.play()def hide(self):# hide the player temporarilyself.hidden = Trueself.hide_timer = pygame.time.get_ticks()self.rect.center = (WIDTH / 2, HEIGHT + 200)class Mob(pygame.sprite.Sprite):def __init__(self):pygame.sprite.Sprite.__init__(self)self.image_orig = random.choice(meteor_images)self.image_orig.set_colorkey(BLACK)self.image = self.image_orig.copy()self.rect = self.image.get_rect()self.radius = int(self.rect.width * .85 / 2)# pygame.draw.circle(self.image, RED, self.rect.center, self.radius)self.rect.x = random.randrange(WIDTH - self.rect.width)self.rect.y = random.randrange(-150, -100)self.speedy = random.randrange(1, 8)self.speedx = random.randrange(-3, 3)self.rot = 0self.rot_speed = random.randrange(-8, 8)self.last_update = pygame.time.get_ticks()def rotate(self):now = pygame.time.get_ticks()if now - self.last_update > 50:self.last_update = nowself.rot = (self.rot + self.rot_speed) % 360new_image = pygame.transform.rotate(self.image_orig, self.rot)old_center = self.rect.centerself.image = new_imageself.rect = self.image.get_rect()self.rect.center = old_centerdef update(self):self.rotate()self.rect.x += self.speedxself.rect.y += self.speedyif self.rect.top > HEIGHT + 10 or self.rect.left < -25 or self.rect.right > WIDTH + 20:self.rect.x = random.randrange(WIDTH - self.rect.width)self.rect.y = random.randrange(-100, -40)self.speedy = random.randrange(1, 8)class Bullet(pygame.sprite.Sprite):def __init__(self, x, y):pygame.sprite.Sprite.__init__(self)self.image = bullet_imgself.image.set_colorkey(BLACK)self.rect = self.image.get_rect()self.rect.bottom = yself.rect.centerx = xself.speedy = -10def update(self):self.rect.y += self.speedy# kill if it moves off the top of the screenif self.rect.bottom < 0:self.kill()class Explosion(pygame.sprite.Sprite):def __init__(self, center, size):pygame.sprite.Sprite.__init__(self)self.size = sizeself.image = explosion_anim[self.size][0]self.rect = self.image.get_rect()self.rect.center = centerself.frame = 0self.last_update = pygame.time.get_ticks()self.frame_rate = 75def update(self):now = pygame.time.get_ticks()if now - self.last_update > self.frame_rate:self.last_update = nowself.frame += 1if self.frame == len(explosion_anim[self.size]):self.kill()else:center = self.rect.centerself.image = explosion_anim[self.size][self.frame]self.rect = self.image.get_rect()self.rect.center = center# load all game graphics
background = pygame.image.load(path.join(img_dir, 'blue.png')).convert()
background = pygame.transform.scale(background, (480, 600)) # change the size
background_rect = background.get_rect()
player_img = pygame.image.load(path.join(img_dir, 'playerShip1_orange.png'))
player_mini_img = pygame.transform.scale(player_img, (25, 19))
player_mini_img.set_colorkey(BLACK)
# meteor_img = pygame.image.load(path.join(img_dir, 'meteorBrown_med1.png'))
bullet_img = pygame.image.load(path.join(img_dir, 'laserRed16.png'))
meteor_images = []
meteor_list = ['meteorBrown_big1.png', 'meteorBrown_big2.png', 'meteorBrown_med1.png','meteorBrown_med2.png', 'meteorBrown_small1.png', 'meteorBrown_small2.png','meteorBrown_tiny1.png']
for img in meteor_list:meteor_images.append(pygame.image.load(path.join(img_dir, img)).convert())explosion_anim = {}
explosion_anim['lg'] = []
explosion_anim['sm'] = []
explosion_anim['player'] = []
for i in range(1, 11):filename = 'bubble_explo{}.png'.format(i)img = pygame.image.load(path.join(img_dir, filename)).convert()img.set_colorkey(BLACK)img_lg = pygame.transform.scale(img, (75, 75))explosion_anim['lg'].append(img_lg)img_sm = pygame.transform.scale(img, (32, 32))explosion_anim['sm'].append(img_sm)filename = 'E{}.png'.format(i)img = pygame.image.load(path.join(img_dir, filename)).convert()img.set_colorkey(BLACK)explosion_anim['player'].append(img)
# load all game sounds
shoot_sound = pygame.mixer.Sound(path.join(snd_dir, 'Laser_Shoot30.wav'))
expl_sounds = []
for snd in ['Explosion30.wav', 'Explosion41.wav']:expl_sounds.append(pygame.mixer.Sound(path.join(snd_dir, snd)))
player_die_sound = pygame.mixer.Sound(path.join(snd_dir, 'Explosion49.wav'))
# load music
pygame.mixer.music.load(path.join(snd_dir, 'little_town.ogg'))
pygame.mixer.music.set_volume(0.4)all_sprites = pygame.sprite.Group()
mobs = pygame.sprite.Group()
bullets = pygame.sprite.Group()
player = Player()
all_sprites.add(player)
for i in range(8):newmob()score = 0
pygame.mixer.music.play(loops = -1)
# Game loop
running = True
while running:# keep loop running at the right speedclock.tick(FPS)# process input (event)for event in pygame.event.get():# check for closing windowsif event.type == pygame.QUIT:running = False
#         elif event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN:
#             if event.key == pygame.K_SPACE:
#                 player.shoot() # use holding space key to control# updateall_sprites.update()# check to see if a bullet hit a mobhits = pygame.sprite.groupcollide(mobs, bullets, True, True)for hit in hits:score += 50 - hit.radiusrandom.choice(expl_sounds).play()expl = Explosion(hit.rect.center, 'lg')all_sprites.add(expl)newmob()# check if a mob hit a playerhits = pygame.sprite.spritecollide(player, mobs, True, pygame.sprite.collide_circle)for hit in hits:player.shield -= hit.radius * 2expl = Explosion(hit.rect.center, 'sm')all_sprites.add(expl)newmob()if player.shield <= 0:player_die_sound.play()death_explosion = Explosion(hit.rect.center, 'player')all_sprites.add(death_explosion)player.hide()player.lives -= 1player.shield = 100#             running = False# if the player died and expo finishedif player.lives == 0 and not death_explosion.alive():running = False# Draw / renderscreen.fill(BLACK)screen.blit(background, background_rect) # copy pixel of  one thing to another thingall_sprites.draw(screen)draw_text(screen, str(score), 18, WIDTH / 2, 10)draw_shield_bar(screen, 5, 5, player.shield)draw_lives(screen, WIDTH - 100, 5, player.lives, player_mini_img)# after drawing everything, flip the display, TWO SIDE OF SCREEN ONE FOR PROGRAMMER ONE FOR PLAYERpygame.display.flip() pygame.quit()

1. 增加开始界面，开始界面音效， 增加保护罩， 子弹加强功能
   

```# pygame template - skeleton for  a  new python project, shmup game
# music : Instrument samples in this recording are from the Garritan Personal Orchestra.
import pygame
import random
from os import path# find path if file
game_folder = path.dirname('C:\\Users\\ZZJ\\img')
img_dir = path.join(game_folder, 'img')
snd_dir = path.join(img_dir, 'snd2')
# define screen size
WIDTH = 480 # 360
HEIGHT = 600 # 480# FRAME PER SECOND
FPS = 60
POWERUP_TIME = 5000
# define colors
WHITE = (255, 255, 255)
BLACK = (0, 0, 0)
RED = (255, 0, 0)
GREEN = (0, 255, 0)
BLUE = (0, 0, 255)
YELLOW = (255, 255, 0)# initialize pygame and create wiindow
pygame.init()
pygame.mixer.init()
screen = pygame.display.set_mode((WIDTH, HEIGHT))
pygame.display.set_caption('Space Shooter')
clock = pygame.time.Clock()font_name = pygame.font.match_font('arial')
def draw_text(surf, text, size, x, y):font = pygame.font.Font(font_name, size)text_surface = font.render(text, True, WHITE)text_rect = text_surface.get_rect()text_rect.midtop = (x, y)surf.blit(text_surface, text_rect)def newmob():m = Mob()all_sprites.add(m)mobs.add(m)def draw_shield_bar(surf, x, y, pct):if pct < 0:pct = 0BAR_LENGTH = 100BAR_HEIGHT = 10fill = (pct / 100) * BAR_LENGTHoutline_rect = pygame.Rect(x, y, BAR_LENGTH, BAR_HEIGHT)fill_rect = pygame.Rect(x, y, fill, BAR_HEIGHT)pygame.draw.rect(surf, GREEN, fill_rect)pygame.draw.rect(surf, WHITE, outline_rect, 2)def draw_lives(surf, x, y, lives, img):for i in range(lives):img_rect = img.get_rect()img_rect.x = x + 30 * iimg_rect.y = ysurf.blit(img, img_rect)class Player(pygame.sprite.Sprite):# sprite for the playerdef __init__(self):pygame.sprite.Sprite.__init__(self)self.image = pygame.transform.scale(player_img, (50, 38))self.image.set_colorkey(BLACK)self.rect = self.image.get_rect()self.radius = 20# pygame.draw.circle(self.image, RED, self.rect.center, self.radius)self.rect.centerx = WIDTH / 2self.rect.bottom = HEIGHT - 10self.speedx = 0self.shield = 100self.shoot_delay = 250 # hold space keep shootingself.last_shot = pygame.time.get_ticks()self.lives = 3self.hidden = Falseself.hide_timer = pygame.time.get_ticks()self.power = 1self.power_time = pygame.time.get_ticks()def update(self):# timeout for powerupsif self.power >= 2 and pygame.time.get_ticks() - self.power_time > POWERUP_TIME:self.power -= 1self.power_time = pygame.time.get_ticks()# unhide if hiddenif self.hidden and pygame.time.get_ticks() - self.hide_timer > 1000:self.hidden = Falseself.rect.centerx = WIDTH / 2self.rect.bottom = HEIGHT - 10self.speedx = 0keystate = pygame.key.get_pressed()if keystate[pygame.K_LEFT]:self.speedx = -8if keystate[pygame.K_RIGHT]:self.speedx = 8if keystate[pygame.K_SPACE]:self.shoot()self.rect.x += self.speedxif self.rect.right > WIDTH:self.rect.right = WIDTHif self.rect.left < 0:self.rect.left = 0def powerup(self):self.power += 1self.power_time = pygame.time.get_ticks()def shoot(self):now = pygame.time.get_ticks()if now - self.last_shot > self.shoot_delay:self.last_shot = now # self.last_shoot = now , keep shootingif self.power == 1:bullet = Bullet(self.rect.centerx, self.rect.top)all_sprites.add(bullet)bullets.add(bullet)shoot_sound.play()if self.power >= 2:bullet1 = Bullet(self.rect.left, self.rect.centery)bullet2 = Bullet(self.rect.right, self.rect.centery)all_sprites.add(bullet1)all_sprites.add(bullet2)bullets.add(bullet1)bullets.add(bullet2)shoot_sound.play()def hide(self):# hide the player temporarilyself.hidden = Trueself.hide_timer = pygame.time.get_ticks()self.rect.center = (WIDTH / 2, HEIGHT + 200)class Mob(pygame.sprite.Sprite):def __init__(self):pygame.sprite.Sprite.__init__(self)self.image_orig = random.choice(meteor_images)self.image_orig.set_colorkey(BLACK)self.image = self.image_orig.copy()self.rect = self.image.get_rect()self.radius = int(self.rect.width * .85 / 2)# pygame.draw.circle(self.image, RED, self.rect.center, self.radius)self.rect.x = random.randrange(WIDTH - self.rect.width)self.rect.y = random.randrange(-150, -100)self.speedy = random.randrange(1, 8)self.speedx = random.randrange(-3, 3)self.rot = 0self.rot_speed = random.randrange(-8, 8)self.last_update = pygame.time.get_ticks()def rotate(self):now = pygame.time.get_ticks()if now - self.last_update > 50:self.last_update = nowself.rot = (self.rot + self.rot_speed) % 360new_image = pygame.transform.rotate(self.image_orig, self.rot)old_center = self.rect.centerself.image = new_imageself.rect = self.image.get_rect()self.rect.center = old_centerdef update(self):self.rotate()self.rect.x += self.speedxself.rect.y += self.speedyif self.rect.top > HEIGHT + 10 or self.rect.left < -25 or self.rect.right > WIDTH + 20:self.rect.x = random.randrange(WIDTH - self.rect.width)self.rect.y = random.randrange(-100, -40)self.speedy = random.randrange(1, 8)class Bullet(pygame.sprite.Sprite):def __init__(self, x, y):pygame.sprite.Sprite.__init__(self)self.image = bullet_imgself.image.set_colorkey(BLACK)self.rect = self.image.get_rect()self.rect.bottom = yself.rect.centerx = xself.speedy = -10def update(self):self.rect.y += self.speedy# kill if it moves off the top of the screenif self.rect.bottom < 0:self.kill()class Pow(pygame.sprite.Sprite):def __init__(self, center):pygame.sprite.Sprite.__init__(self)self.type= random.choice(['shield', 'gold'])self.image = powerup_images[self.type]self.image.set_colorkey(BLACK)self.rect = self.image.get_rect()self.rect.center = centerself.speedy = 2def update(self):self.rect.y += self.speedy# kill if it moves off the top of the screenif self.rect.top > HEIGHT:self.kill()class Explosion(pygame.sprite.Sprite):def __init__(self, center, size):pygame.sprite.Sprite.__init__(self)self.size = sizeself.image = explosion_anim[self.size][0]self.rect = self.image.get_rect()self.rect.center = centerself.frame = 0self.last_update = pygame.time.get_ticks()self.frame_rate = 75def update(self):now = pygame.time.get_ticks()if now - self.last_update > self.frame_rate:self.last_update = nowself.frame += 1if self.frame == len(explosion_anim[self.size]):self.kill()else:center = self.rect.centerself.image = explosion_anim[self.size][self.frame]self.rect = self.image.get_rect()self.rect.center = center# load all game graphics
background = pygame.image.load(path.join(img_dir, 'blue.png')).convert()
background = pygame.transform.scale(background, (480, 600)) # change the size
background_rect = background.get_rect()
player_img = pygame.image.load(path.join(img_dir, 'playerShip1_orange.png'))
player_mini_img = pygame.transform.scale(player_img, (25, 19))
player_mini_img.set_colorkey(BLACK)
# meteor_img = pygame.image.load(path.join(img_dir, 'meteorBrown_med1.png'))
bullet_img = pygame.image.load(path.join(img_dir, 'laserRed16.png'))
meteor_images = []
meteor_list = ['meteorBrown_big1.png', 'meteorBrown_big2.png', 'meteorBrown_med1.png','meteorBrown_med2.png', 'meteorBrown_small1.png', 'meteorBrown_small2.png','meteorBrown_tiny1.png']
for img in meteor_list:meteor_images.append(pygame.image.load(path.join(img_dir, img)).convert())explosion_anim = {}
explosion_anim['lg'] = []
explosion_anim['sm'] = []
explosion_anim['player'] = []
for i in range(1, 11):filename = 'bubble_explo{}.png'.format(i)img = pygame.image.load(path.join(img_dir, filename)).convert()img.set_colorkey(BLACK)img_lg = pygame.transform.scale(img, (75, 75))explosion_anim['lg'].append(img_lg)img_sm = pygame.transform.scale(img, (32, 32))explosion_anim['sm'].append(img_sm)filename = 'E{}.png'.format(i)img = pygame.image.load(path.join(img_dir, filename)).convert()img.set_colorkey(BLACK)explosion_anim['player'].append(img)
powerup_images = {}
powerup_images['shield'] = pygame.image.load(path.join(img_dir, 'shield.png')).convert()
powerup_images['gold'] = pygame.image.load(path.join(img_dir, 'gun.png')).convert()
# load all game sounds
shoot_sound = pygame.mixer.Sound(path.join(snd_dir, 'Laser_Shoot30.wav'))
shield_sound = pygame.mixer.Sound(path.join(snd_dir, 'Powerup33.wav'))
power_sound = pygame.mixer.Sound(path.join(snd_dir, 'Powerup46.wav'))
expl_sounds = []
for snd in ['Explosion30.wav', 'Explosion41.wav']:expl_sounds.append(pygame.mixer.Sound(path.join(snd_dir, snd)))
player_die_sound = pygame.mixer.Sound(path.join(snd_dir, 'Explosion49.wav'))
# load music
pygame.mixer.music.load(path.join(snd_dir, 'little_town.ogg'))
pygame.mixer.music.set_volume(0.4)all_sprites = pygame.sprite.Group()
mobs = pygame.sprite.Group()
bullets = pygame.sprite.Group()
powerups = pygame.sprite.Group()
powerups = pygame.sprite.Group()player = Player()
all_sprites.add(player)
for i in range(8):newmob()score = 0
pygame.mixer.music.play(loops = -1)
# Game loop
running = True
while running:# keep loop running at the right speedclock.tick(FPS)# process input (event)for event in pygame.event.get():# check for closing windowsif event.type == pygame.QUIT:running = False
#         elif event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN:
#             if event.key == pygame.K_SPACE:
#                 player.shoot() # use holding space key to control# updateall_sprites.update()# check to see if a bullet hit a mobhits = pygame.sprite.groupcollide(mobs, bullets, True, True)for hit in hits:score += 50 - hit.radiusrandom.choice(expl_sounds).play()expl = Explosion(hit.rect.center, 'lg')all_sprites.add(expl)if random.random() > 0.9:pow = Pow(hit.rect.center)all_sprites.add(pow)powerups.add(pow)newmob()# check if a mob hit a playerhits = pygame.sprite.spritecollide(player, mobs, True, pygame.sprite.collide_circle)for hit in hits:player.shield -= hit.radius * 2expl = Explosion(hit.rect.center, 'sm')all_sprites.add(expl)newmob()if player.shield <= 0:player_die_sound.play()death_explosion = Explosion(hit.rect.center, 'player')all_sprites.add(death_explosion)player.hide()player.lives -= 1player.shield = 100#             running = False# if a player hits a poweruphits = pygame.sprite.spritecollide(player, powerups, True)for hit in hits:if hit.type == 'shield':shield_sound.play()player.shield += random.randrange(10, 30)if player.shield >= 100:player.shield = 100if hit.type == 'gold':power_sound.play()player.powerup()# if the player died and expo finishedif player.lives == 0 and not death_explosion.alive():running = False# Draw / renderscreen.fill(BLACK)screen.blit(background, background_rect) # copy pixel of  one thing to another thingall_sprites.draw(screen)draw_text(screen, str(score), 18, WIDTH / 2, 10)draw_shield_bar(screen, 5, 5, player.shield)draw_lives(screen, WIDTH - 100, 5, player.lives, player_mini_img)# after drawing everything, flip the display, TWO SIDE OF SCREEN ONE FOR PROGRAMMER ONE FOR PLAYERpygame.display.flip() pygame.quit()
最终效果
![在这里插入图片描述](https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20200827135030258.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80MzAxMjc5Ng==,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70#pic_center)
--总结：学习如何使用Python pygame

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