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Microsoft Azure tutorial. Despite the fact that WordPress now runs almost a quarter (23.5%) of all websites, it’s still not a perfect CMS to scale up for enterprise-level sites driving a massive amount of traffic. As a general rule, we prefer to make use of various caching plug-ins to maximize the performance of our WordPress sites but when it comes to an enterprise-grade site, these plug-ins seem to be failing.

Microsoft Azure教程。 尽管WordPress现在可以运行所有网站的近四分之一(23.5％)，但它仍然不是完美的CMS，无法扩展到可带来大量流量的企业级网站。 通常，我们倾向于使用各种缓存插件来最大化WordPress站点的性能，但是当涉及到企业级站点时，这些插件似乎会失败。

Usually, to manage a high-traffic WordPress site, we purchase an affordable, secure and high-performing virtual dedicated server. But again the same thing occurs: you could not rely solely on a cheap virtual private server to cope with a huge traffic spike. That’s where the Microsoft Azure shows its true magic.

通常，为了管理流量大的WordPress网站，我们购买了负担得起的，安全的和高性能的虚拟专用服务器。 但是，同样的事情再次发生： 您不能仅仅依靠廉价的虚拟专用服务器来应对巨大的流量高峰 。 这就是Microsoft Azure展现其真正魔力的地方。

After reading this post, you’ll learn:

阅读这篇文章后，您将学到：

• Microsoft Azure: What is it?Microsoft Azure：这是什么？
• How to Deploy Scalable WordPress on Azure Websites如何在Azure网站上部署可伸缩WordPress
• Best Practices to Speed up WordPress on Azure Websites在Azure网站上加快WordPress的最佳做法

Let’s get familiar with Microsoft Azure!

让我们熟悉Microsoft Azure！

Microsoft Azure：这是什么？ (Microsoft Azure: What is it?)

Microsoft Azure, formerly known as Windows Azure, is an extremely flexible and highly recognized enterprise-level cloud platform that gives you the ability to build, deploy and manage integrated services and applications in the cloud. Not only it offers fully managed PaaS (platform-as-a-service) and IaaS (infrastructure-as-a-service) services but also supports a wide range of programming languages, operating systems, tools, technologies and frameworks, including both Microsoft-specific ones and third-party ones. Being enormously scalable, economical and flexible, Azure lets you do more while investing less time and money.

Microsoft Azure(以前称为Windows Azure)是一个非常灵活且得到高度认可的企业级云平台，使您能够在云中构建，部署和管理集成服务和应用程序。 它不仅提供完全托管的PaaS (平台即服务)和IaaS (基础架构即服务)服务，而且还支持多种编程语言，操作系统，工具，技术和框架，包括Microsoft特定的和第三方的。 Azure具有极大的可伸缩性，经济性和灵活性，可以让您做更多的事情，而花费更少的时间和金钱。

One of the most interesting things about Azure is that it enables users to create, configure and optimize an enterprise-grade WordPress site in a couple of minutes. Azure Websites, a web hosting service under Azure, makes it possible for you to set-up a secure, scalable and optimized WordPress installation using a pre-configured web application called Scalable WordPress available on the Azure Marketplace. After installing WordPress on Azure Websites, when you access your site’s dashboard, you find yourself powered with a predefined set of various optimization techniques and some handy plug-ins such as Jetpack, Azure Storage etc, which help you maximize the performance of your WordPress site.

关于Azure的最有趣的事情之一是，它使用户能够在几分钟内创建，配置和优化企业级WordPress网站。 Azure网站是Azure下的网络托管服务，使您可以使用Azure Marketplace上提供的名为可扩展WordPress的预配置Web应用程序来设置安全，可扩展和优化的WordPress安装。 在Azure网站上安装WordPress之后，当您访问站点的仪表板时，您会发现自己拥有一套预定义的各种优化技术以及一些便捷的插件(如Jetpack，Azure Storage等)，可帮助您最大化WordPress网站的性能。

Below are some unique features that make Azure Websites stand-out from other WordPress hosting providers:

以下是使Azure网站在其他WordPress托管提供商中脱颖而出的一些独特功能：

• Offering user-selected placement in one or multiple Microsoft-managed datacenters globally.在全球一个或多个Microsoft管理的数据中心中提供用户选择的放置位置。
• Supporting custom domain and SSL connections.支持自定义域和SSL连接。
• Allowing you to use a higher-end MySQL or Microsoft SQL database.允许您使用高端MySQL或Microsoft SQL数据库。

• Availability in four service tiers – standard, basic, shared and free.

  四个服务层中的可用性-标准，基本，共享和免费。

• Guaranteed 99.95% uptime for basic and standard tiers customers.为基本和标准级别的客户保证99.95％的正常运行时间。

• Facilitating authentication with Azure Active Directory to provide an additional layer of security.

  使用Azure Active Directory促进身份验证以提供附加的安全层。

• Letting you automatically or manually geo-route incoming user traffic to your site using the Traffic Manager for better performance and availability.

  让您使用流量管理器自动或手动将传入的用户流量地理路由到您的站点，以提高性能和可用性。

• Enabling you to continuously monitor site metrics such as HTTP errors, CPU time etc and set up real-time alerts.

  使您能够连续监视站点指标(例如HTTP错误，CPU时间等)并设置实时警报。

• Letting you trace failed request and collect log data for tracking and troubleshooting with Visual Studio

  让您跟踪失败的请求并收集日志数据，以便使用Visual Studio进行跟踪和故障排除

• Backing up your website and database automatically.

  自动备份您的网站和数据库。

• Enabling you to set up multiple private environments, such as testing and staging, for your websites.

  使您能够为网站设置多个私有环境，例如测试和登台 。

• Hosting websites on IIS (Internet Information Services), an easy-to-manage web server running on Windows Server 2012.

  在IIS (Internet信息服务)上托管网站， IIS是在Windows Server 2012上运行的易于管理的Web服务器。

Although the Azure Websites service is developed especially to entice enterprise level users, but it’s also ideal for businesses, creative agencies and web developers. It’s indeed a great attempt by Microsoft to capture business from enterprises by offering them a more scalable and secure WordPress hosting environment. Just like, on the contrary, WPEngine, MediaTemple, Pagely and Pantheon do by offering a fully managed WordPress hosting service.

尽管Azure网站服务是专门为吸引企业级用户而开发的，但它对于企业，创意机构和Web开发人员也是理想的选择。 通过向企业提供更具扩展性和安全性的WordPress托管环境 ，微软确实是从企业中夺取业务的一次伟大尝试。 相反， 就像WPEngine ， MediaTemple ， Pagely和Pantheon一样，它提供了完全托管的WordPress托管服务。

如何在Azure网站上部署可伸缩WordPress (How to Deploy Scalable WordPress on Azure Websites)

After getting acquainted with Azure Websites and its sizzling features, let’s walk through the steps to be followed for running a robust enterprise-class WordPress site on it.

熟悉Azure网站及其令人眼花features乱的功能之后，让我们逐步执行在其上运行健壮的企业级WordPress网站的步骤。

注册免费试用帐户： (Sign-up For a Free Trial Account:)

The very first thing you’ll need to do for creating a WordPress site with Azure is to create a free trial Azure account, which offers you $200 credit to test out all Azure services. The free trial is available for one month, while the registration process requires you to have a Microsoft account. On registration, you’ll be asked to enter and verify you mobile number via call or text message.

使用Azure创建WordPress网站所需要做的第一件事就是创建一个免费的Azure试用帐户 ，该帐户提供200美元的信用额度来测试所有Azure服务 。 免费试用期为一个月，而注册过程要求您拥有一个Microsoft帐户。 注册后，系统会要求您通过电话或短信输入并验证您的手机号码。

As well, you’ll also need to enter your credit card information there. However, credit card details are required for verification purposes only and you’ll not be charged any money to avail this offer.

同样，您还需要在此输入您的信用卡信息。 不过，信用卡详细信息仅用于验证目的，使用此优惠不会向您收取任何费用。

进入Azure管理门户： (Get into the Azure Management Portal:)

Once you’ve signed up, you’ll see a link on your screen taking you to Azure Management Portal, where you can set up your first service.

注册后，您会在屏幕上看到一个链接，将您带到Azure管理门户 ，您可以在其中设置您的第一个服务。

Click on the +New icon given in the bottom left corner of the portal. You’ll be then taken to a new screen which looks like:

点击门户网站左下角的+ New图标。 然后，您将进入一个新屏幕，如下所示：

Click the Website icon and then select From Gallery option. A dialog box titled Add Web App will open where you can find various categories having a number of apps available for Azure.

单击网站图标，然后选择来自库选项。 将打开一个标题为“ 添加Web应用程序 ”的对话框，您可以在其中找到具有许多可用于Azure的应用程序的各种类别。

Click CMS and then scroll down to select WordPress from the given list. When you click WordPress, you’ll be able to see WordPress-related information like latest version, size and release date on the right side of the dialog box.

单击CMS ，然后向下滚动以从给定列表中选择WordPress 。 当您点击WordPress时 ，您将在对话框的右侧看到与WordPress相关的信息，例如最新版本，大小和发布日期。

Click the Next arrow and you’ll be presented with the Configure Your App page, where you’ll be asked to enter your site’s URL, select values for Database and Web-scale Group fields and set-up some other things under Deployment Settings.

点击下一步箭头，系统会显示“ 配置您的应用”页面，要求您输入网站的URL，选择“ 数据库”和“ Web级组”字段的值，然后在“ 部署设置”下进行其他设置 。

So here we enter a unique URL name for our site, select Create a new MySQL database in the Database field and a suitable web scale group from the drop down list.

因此，这里我们为站点输入一个唯一的URL名称，在Database字段中选择Create a new MySQL database ，然后从下拉列表中选择一个合适的Web scale组。

Clicking the Next button will take you to the Create New MySQL Database page, where you’ll have to provide a unique name for your new database and choose a region to deploy the database to. To improve website’s performance and reduce the network latency, I highly recommend you to keep the database deployment region closet to the hosting region.

单击“ 下一步”按钮将带您进入“ 创建新MySQL数据库”页面，在该页面中，您必须为新数据库提供唯一的名称，并选择要将数据库部署到的区域。 为了提高网站的性能并减少网络延迟，我强烈建议您将数据库部署区域保持在托管区域附近。

Tick the box given at the bottom of the screen to accept ClearDB’s legal terms and click the Check button to end the site creation process.

勾选屏幕底部给出的框以接受ClearDB的法律条款，然后单击“ 检查”按钮以结束网站创建过程。

Now at the bottom of the Websites page, you’ll see the status of various build and deploy operations initiated by Azure. After the completion of all operations, a final message saying your site has been deployed will be displayed on the same page.

现在，在“ 网站”页面的底部，您将看到由Azure启动的各种生成和部署操作的状态。 完成所有操作后，将在同一页面上显示最后一条消息，指出您的站点已部署。

启动您的WordPress网站： (Launch your WordPress site:)

On the Websites page, click on the URL of your new WordPress site and you’ll find yourself on the Welcome page, where you’ll be asked to provide essential configuration details like site title, username, password etc. Enter required information, tick the checkbox if you wish to allow search engine to index your new site and finalize configuration by clicking Install WordPress.

在“ 网站”页面上，单击新的WordPress网站的URL，然后您会在“ 欢迎”页面上找到自己，并要求您提供必要的配置详细信息，例如网站标题，用户名，密码等。输入所需信息，勾选如果您希望允许搜索引擎将新站点编入索引并通过单击“ 安装WordPress”完成配置，请选中该复选框。

After a few seconds, you’ll get a success message saying WordPress has been successfully installed.

几秒钟后，您会收到一条成功消息，提示WordPress已成功安装。

By clicking the Log In button given on the Success page, you’ll be able to login to your new WordPress site with the username and password that you entered on the Welcome page.

通过单击“ 成功”页面上的“ 登录”按钮，您将能够使用在“ 欢迎”页面上输入的用户名和密码登录到新的WordPress网站。

That’s all! Now you can configure your site to fit your taste by clicking the Customize Your Site button shown in your site’s dashboard.

就这样！ 现在，您可以通过单击网站的仪表板中显示的“ 自定义您的网站”按钮来配置您的网站，以适应您的喜好。

在Azure网站上加快WordPress的最佳做法 (Best Practices to Speed up WordPress on Azure Websites)

Once your WordPress site is up and running on Azure Websites, you need to implement following easy and quick practices to make sure your site will load blazing fast.

一旦您的WordPress网站在Azure网站上启动并运行，您就需要实施以下简单快速的做法，以确保您的网站能够快速加载。

将数据库和网站保持在同一数据中心中： (Keep Both Database and Website in the Same Datacenter:)

As I’ve mentioned earlier, locating the website in the same datacenter as the database plays a vital role in reducing the network latency that often slows your website down. If the components of your website and database are available in the same data center, your website will not need to go around the globe to make a database call, which will result into increased page load time.

正如我之前提到的，将网站与数据库放置在同一数据中心中对于减少网络延迟(这通常会降低网站速度)起着至关重要的作用。 如果您的网站和数据库的组件可在同一数据中心中使用，则您的网站无需走遍全球即可进行数据库调用，这将导致页面加载时间增加。

优化和清理数据库： (Optimize and Clean up Database:)

No doubt WordPress auto-save feature is quite useful, but sometimes it seems to have a negative impact on your site’s speed especially when the size of your database is limited. As it automatically saves everything, including post revisions, pingbacks, trackbacks, trash items and comments, to your website’s database, you may hit the storage size allocated soon if the database is not being cleaned up on a regular basis. To automatically optimize and routinely clean up your database, you can use WP-Optimize plug-in.

毫无疑问，WordPress自动保存功能非常有用，但是有时它似乎对您网站的速度有负面影响，尤其是在数据库大小有限的情况下。 由于它会自动将所有内容(包括后期修订，pingback，引用，垃圾项目和评论)保存到您的网站数据库中，因此，如果不定期清理数据库，则可能很快就会达到分配的存储大小。 要自动优化并定期清理数据库，可以使用WP-Optimize插件。

最小化HTTP请求： (Minimize HTTP Requests:)

The more HTTP requests your website makes, the more time it will take to load. By combining all of your style sheets into one CSS file and putting all JS into on JavaScript file, you can reduce the number of dependent requests a browser makes while loading the website. For this purpose, you can take advantage of Better WordPress Minify plug-in. Furthermore, if your site is using third-party services, it would be considerably more efficient to make them available locally.

您的网站发出的HTTP请求越多，加载时间就越长。 通过将所有样式表组合到一个CSS文件中，并将所有JS放入JavaScript文件中，可以减少浏览器在加载网站时提出的相关请求数量。 为此，您可以利用Better WordPress Minify插件。 此外，如果您的站点正在使用第三方服务，则使它们在本地可用的效率会大大提高。

优化媒体内容： (Optimize Media Content:)

If your WordPress site is media heavy, chances are it will load too slowly. In this case, you can do a couple of things mentioned below:

如果您的WordPress网站媒体密集，则加载速度可能会太慢。 在这种情况下，您可以执行以下几项操作：

• Keep All Your Media Content in the Azure Storage: Use Azure Storage plug-in to store any new media content to Azure Storage, instead of directly uploading it to your website’s directory. As well, you can try Azure CDN to reduce bandwidth usage.

  将所有媒体内容保留在Azure存储中：使用Azure存储插件将所有新媒体内容存储到Azure存储中，而不是直接将其上载到您的网站目录中。 同样，您可以尝试使用Azure CDN减少带宽使用。

• Compress Images: Before uploading your images to the media library, compress them to a smaller size. For automatic compression of your images before upload, you can make use of WP Smush.it.

  压缩图像：在将图像上传到媒体库之前，请将其压缩为较小的尺寸。 为了在上传之前自动压缩图像，可以使用WP Smush.it 。

• Specify Dimensions of Your Images: Specifying the dimensions of your images, you help the browser to quickly figure out the layout of the web page to be loaded, which can speed things up to a great extent.

  指定图像的尺寸：指定图像的尺寸，可以帮助浏览器快速确定要加载的网页的布局，从而可以最大程度地加快速度。

设置缓存 (Set-up Caching)

If you’re expecting a surge in your website’s traffic, consider adding some caching method to your WordPress site to prevent crashes. To produce static HTML files, you can either configure IIS Output Caching or can use WP Super Cache caching plug-in. To learn how to configure WP Super Cache on IIS, click here.

如果您预计网站流量会激增，请考虑向WordPress网站添加某种缓存方法以防止崩溃。 要生成静态HTML文件，可以配置IIS输出缓存 ，也可以使用WP Super Cache缓存插件。 要了解如何在IIS上配置WP Super Cache，请单击此处 。

翻译自: https://www.script-tutorials.com/scalable-wordpress-on-microsoft-azure/

微软 azure