fruits:- Apple- Orange- Strawberry- Mango或者：
fruits: ['Apple', 'Orange', 'Strawberry', 'Mango']

martin:name: Martin D'vloperjob: Developerskill: Elite
或者
martin: {name: Martin D'vloper, job: Developer, skill: Elite}

-  martin:name: Martin D'vloperjob: Developerskills:- python- perl- pascal
-  tabitha:name: Tabitha Bitumenjob: Developerskills:- lisp- fortran- erlang

主机变量：
192.168.200.136 http_port=808 maxRequestsPerChild=808
192.168.200.137 http_port=8080 maxRequestsPerChild=909主机组变量:
[websers]
192.168.200.136
192.168.200.137[websers:vars]
ntp_server=ntp.exampl.com
proxy=proxy.exampl.com

- hosts: webserversvars:http_port: 80

facts变量是由setup模块获取远程主机的信息。用法：
# ansible 192.168.200.136 -m setup

使用 -e选项传入参数
# ansible-playbook 192.168.200.136 -e "httpd_port=808" httpd04.yml

{{ var_name }}

字面量：字符串：使用单引号或双引号数字：整型，浮点数列表：{item1，item2，...}字典：{key1:value1,key2:value2,...}布尔型:true/false
算术运算:+,-,*,/,//,%,**
比较运算：==,!=,>,>=,<,<=
逻辑运算：and，or，not

格式：action：模块参数（此种方式只在较新的版本中出现）module：参数(已键值对的形式出现)每一个task都有一个名称，用于标记此任务。任务示例：name: install httpdyum: name=httpd state=present注意：shell和command没有参数，可在后面直接跟命令shell: ss -tnl | grep :801）某任务的运行状态为changed后，可通过相应的notify通知相应的handlers
2）任务可以通过tags打标签，然后通过palybook命令-t选项调用.

- hosts: 172.16.60.211                #处理指定服务器.   - (空格)hosts:(空格)172.16.20.211task:                               #剧本所要干的事情; (空格)(空格)task:- name:                             #（两个空格）-（空格）name:command: echo hello clsn linux    #（四个空格）command:(空格)        

[root@ansible-server ~]# vim /etc/ansible/test.yaml
- hosts: 172.16.60.213tasks:- name: Install Rsyncyum: name=rsync state=installedplaybook检查方法
[root@ansible-server ~]# ansible-playbook --syntax-check /etc/ansible/test.yamlplaybook: /etc/ansible/test.yaml
[root@ansible-server ~]# ansible-playbook -C /etc/ansible/test.yamlPLAY [172.16.60.213] *******************************************************************************************************************TASK [Gathering Facts] *****************************************************************************************************************
ok: [172.16.60.213]TASK [Install Rsync] *******************************************************************************************************************
ok: [172.16.60.213]PLAY RECAP *****************************************************************************************************************************
172.16.60.213              : ok=2    changed=0    unreachable=0    failed=0  上面两个检查命令, 第一个是进行playbook剧本配置信息语法检查; 第二个是模拟playbook剧本执行（彩排）

- hosts: alltasks:- name: restart-networkcron: name='restart network' minute=00 hour=00 job='/usr/sbin/ntpdate time.nist.gov >/dev/null 2>&1'- name: sync timecron: name='sync time' minute=*/5 job="/usr/sbin/ntpdate pool.ntp.com >/dev/null 2>&1"

- hosts: 172.16.60.7tasks:- name: restart-networkcron: name='restart network' minute=00 hour=00 job='/usr/sbin/ntpdate time.nist.gov >/dev/null 2>&1'- name: sync timecron: name='sync time' minute=*/5 job="/usr/sbin/ntpdate pool.ntp.com >/dev/null 2>&1"- hosts: 172.16.60.31tasks:- name: show ip addr to fileshell: echo $(hostname -i) >> /tmp/ip.txt

1) 机器环境
角色                   外网ip                      内网ip                           部署软件
m01                  eth0:10.0.0.61         eth1:172.16.1.61         ansible
backup              eth0:10.0.0.41         eth1:172.16.1.41         rsync
nfs                    eth0:10.0.0.31          eth1:172.16.1.31         nfs、Sersync
web01               eth0:10.0.0.7           eth1:172.16.1.7            httpd2) 目录规划
[root@m01 ~]# mkdir /etc/ansible/ansible_playbook/{file,conf,scripts} -p
[root@m01 ~]# tree /etc/ansible/ansible_playbook/
/etc/ansible/ansible_playbook/
├── conf
└── file
└── scripts3) rsync配置文件
准备对应的配置文件存放至/etc/ansible/ansible_playbook/conf/
[root@m01 conf]# cat /etc/ansible/ansible_playbook/conf/rsyncd.conf
uid = www
gid = www
port = 873
fake super = yes
use chroot = no
max connections = 200
timeout = 600
ignore errors
read only = false
list = false
auth users = rsync_backup
secrets file = /etc/rsync.password
log file = /var/log/rsyncd.log
#####################################[backup]
path = /backup
[data]
path = /data4) nfs配置文件
准备nfs配置文件exports
[root@m01 ansible_playbook]# cat /etc/ansible/ansible_playbook/conf/nfs_exports
/data/ 172.16.1.0/24(rw,sync,all_squash,anonuid=666,anongid=666)5) Sersync软件包
下载Sersync软件包
[root@m01 ansible_playbook]# ll /etc/ansible/ansible_playbook/file/
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 727290 Aug  1 12:04 sersync.tar.gz6) sersync配置文件
准备sersync实时同步的配置文件
[root@m01 ansible_playbook]# cat /etc/ansible/ansible_playbook/conf/confxml.xml.nfs7) 基础环境部署
基础环境：所有机器统一的配置
需要关闭firewalld以及selinux、epel仓库、ssh端口、优化基础配置
需要安装rsync和nfs-utils
准备www用户
需要准备/etc/rsync.pass密码文件
需要准备全网备份脚本基础的playbook剧本
[root@m01 ansible_playbook]# cat base.yaml
- hosts: alltasks:- name: Install Epel Reposget_url: url=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/epel-7.repo dest=/etc/yum.repos.d/epel.repo- name: Install Rsync Nfs-Utilsyum: name=rsync,nfs-utils state=installed- name: Create Group WWWgroup: name=www gid=666- name: Create User WWWuser: name=www uid=666 group=666 create_home=no shell=/sbin/nologin- name: Create Rsync_Client_Passcopy: content='1' dest=/etc/rsync.pass mode=600- name: Create Scripts Directoryfile: path=/server/scripts recurse=yes state=directory- name: Push File Scriptscopy: src=./scripts/rsync_backup_md5.sh dest=/server/scripts/- name: Crontable Scriptscron: name="backup scripts" hour=01 minute=00 job="/bin/bash /server/scripts/rsync_backup_md5.sh &>/dev/null"8) 应用环境：Rsync
安装rsync
配置rsync（配置变更，一定要进行重载操作）
创建虚拟用户，权限调整
创建目录/data/  /backup
启动rsync
配置邮箱->邮箱的发件人->校验的脚本[root@m01 ansible_playbook]# cat rsync.yaml
- hosts: backuptasks:- name: Installed Rsync Serveryum: name=rsync,mailx state=installed- name: configure Rsync Servercopy: src=./conf/rsyncd.conf dest=/etc/rsyncd.confnotify: Restart Rsync Server- name: Create Virt Usercopy: content='rsync_backup:1' dest=/etc/rsync.password mode=600- name: Create Datafile: path=/data state=directory recurse=yes owner=www group=www mode=755- name: Create Backupfile: path=/backup state=directory recurse=yes owner=www group=www mode=755- name: Start RsyncServerservice: name=rsyncd state=started enabled=yes- name: Push Check Scriptscopy: src=./scripts/rsync_check_backup.sh dest=/server/scripts/- name: Crond Check Scriptscron: name="check scripts" hour=05 minute=00 job="/bin/bash /server/scripts/rsync_check_backup.sh &>/dev/null"9)  应用环境：NFS
安装nfs-utils
配置nfs (当修改了配置，触发重载操作)
创建目录，授权
启动[root@m01 ansible_playbook]# cat nfs.yaml
- hosts: nfstasks:- name: Installed Nfs Serveryum: name=nfs-utils state=installed- name: Configure Nfs Servercopy: src=./conf/exports dest=/etc/exportsnotify: Restart Nfs Server- name: Create Share Datafile: path=/data state=directory recurse=yes owner=www group=www mode=755- name: Start Nfs Serverservice: name=nfs-server state=started enabled=yeshandlers:- name: Restart Nfs Serverservice: name=nfs-server state=restarted10) 应用环境：Sersync
下载sersync
解压，改名，配置
启动[root@m01 ansible_playbook]# cat sersync.yaml
- hosts: nfstasks:- name: Scp Sersynccopy: src=./file/sersync2.5.4_64bit_binary_stable_final.tar.gz dest=/usr/local/sersync.tar.gz- name: Zipshell: cd /usr/local && tar xf sersync.tar.gz && mv GNU-Linux-x86 sersyncargs:creates: /usr/local/sersync- name: configure Sersynccopy: src=./conf/confxml.xml dest=/usr/local/sersync/- name: Start Sersyncshell: /usr/local/sersync/sersync2 -dro /usr/local/sersync/confxml.xml11) 应用环境：WEB
挂载nfs共享的目录[root@m01 ansible_playbook]# cat web.yaml
- hosts: webtasks:- name: Mount NFS Server Share Datamount: src=172.16.1.31:/data path=/data fstype=nfs opts=defaults state=mounted12) 包含include
[root@m01 ansible_playbook]# cat mail.yaml
- import_playbook: base.yaml
- import_playbook: rsync.yaml
- import_playbook: nfs.yaml
- import_playbook: sersync.yaml
- import_playbook: web.yaml13) 操作后测试步骤
快照还原
推送公钥
使用ping模块测试
执行ansible-playbook测试
测试全网备份，测试是否能发邮件，并校验结果
测试nfs的挂载
测试实时同步