arm-linux 交叉编译toolchain

使用的平台ubuntu

cat /proc/version
Linux version 5.3.0-62-generic (buildd@lcy01-amd64-004) (gcc version 7.5.0 (Ubuntu 7.5.0-3ubuntu1~18.04)) #56~18.04.1-Ubuntu SMP Wed Jun 24 16:17:03 UTC 2020

https://blog.csdn.net/klaus_x/article/details/79540063 可参考其他情况的编译

1.安装crosstool_NG工具

mkdir arm-linux-tools --》建立toolchain目录
cd arm-linux-tools/
wget http://crosstool-ng.org/download/crosstool-ng/crosstool-ng-1.24.0.tar.xz --》下载工具源码
tar xvf crosstool-ng-1.24.0.tar.xz --》解压工具包
mkdir crosstool-build crosstool-install src --》建立后续将要使用到的各种目录，
cd crosstool-ng-1.24.0/
./configure --prefix /home/yuhang/arm-linux-tools/crosstool-install --》配置整个工程并进行依赖检查
sudo apt-get install help2man --》提示缺工具help2man
./configure --prefix /home/yuhang/arm-linux-tools/crosstool-install
sudo apt-get install libtool
sudo apt-get install libtool-bin --》提示缺libtool，需要安装2个
./configure --prefix /home/yuhang/arm-linux-tools/crosstool-install
make --》执行makefile文件
ls
make install --》编译成功后安装
sudo echo "PATH=$PATH:/home/yuhang/arm-linux-tools/crosstool-install/bin" >> ~/.bashrc --》配置环境变量
source /home/yuhang/.bashrc --》执行使其生效
ct-ng -v --》查看安装结果，有GNU Make 版本号之类信息显示

2. 配置交叉编译链

cd samples --》该目录下存在一些默认配置，有arm, avr32, mips, powerpc等硬件平台

arm平台有如下几个：

arm-cortex_a15-linux-gnueabihf
arm-cortexa5-linux-uclibcgnueabihf
arm-cortex_a8-linux-gnueabi
arm-cortexa9_neon-linux-gnueabihf
armeb-unknown-linux-gnueabi
armeb-unknown-linux-uclibcgnueabi
arm-multilib-linux-uclibcgnueabi
arm-unknown-linux-gnueabi
arm-unknown-linux-musleabi
arm-unknown-linux-uclibcgnueabi
arm-unknown-linux-uclibcgnueabihf
armv6-nommu-linux-uclibcgnueabi

因为是制作arm-linux交叉编译链，所以选择arm-unknown-linux-gnueabi进行配置
cp -r arm-unknown-linux-gnueabi/ ../../crosstool-build --》将arm-unknown-linux-gnueabi文件夹复制到crosstool-build目录下

cd ../../crosstool-build/
ls
cp arm-unknown-linux-gnueabi/crosstool.config .config
ct-ng menuconfig --》配置

step1: 设定源码包路径和交叉编译器的安装路径，在Path and misc options中，

修改2个路径， Local tarballs directory和 Prefix directory

选择save后，exit到上级配置

step2: 修改交叉编译器的架构配置

在Target options（在Path and misc options之后）中配置

需要配置点：

Architecture level
Emit assembly for cpu
Use specific FPU

ct-ng build --》配置结束后开始编译

[DEBUG]    Trying 'https://ftpmirror.gnu.org/gnu/automake/automake-1.16.1.tar.xz'
[DEBUG]    ==> Executing: 'wget' '--passive-ftp' '--tries=3' '-nc' '--progress=dot:binary' '-T' '10' '-O' '/home/yuhang/arm-linux-tools/crosstool-build/.build/tarballs/automake-1.16.1.tar.xz.tmp-dl' 'https://ftpmirror.gnu.org/gnu/automake/automake-1.16.1.tar.xz'
[ALL ]    --2021-01-01 01:20:07-- https://ftpmirror.gnu.org/gnu/automake/automake-1.16.1.tar.xz
[ALL ]    Resolving ftpmirror.gnu.org (ftpmirror.gnu.org)... failed: Connection timed out.

[ALL ]    --2021-01-01 01:20:17-- http://ftpmirror.gnu.org/gnu/automake/automake-1.16.1.tar.xz
[ALL ]    Resolving ftpmirror.gnu.org (ftpmirror.gnu.org)... 2001:470:142:5::200
[ALL ]    Connecting to ftpmirror.gnu.org (ftpmirror.gnu.org)|2001:470:142:5::200|:80... failed: Network is unreachable.

[ALL ]    2021-01-01 01:26:08 (11.4 KB/s) - Read error at byte 408311/161197451 (Success). Giving up.
[ALL ]
[DEBUG]    ==> Return status 4
[DEBUG]    Not at this location: "http://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/kernel/v4.x/linux-4.20.8.tar.gz"
[ERROR]    linux: download failed

[ERROR] >>
[ERROR] >> Build failed in step 'Retrieving needed toolchain components' tarballs'
[ERROR] >> called in step '(top-level)'
[ERROR] >>

wget http://mirrors.aliyun.com/linux-kernel/v4.x/linux-4.20.8.tar.xz --》以上问题的原因是下载这些tar包慢的问题，可使用其他快速下载链接
wget http://mirror.hust.edu.cn/gnu/mpc/mpc-1.1.0.tar.gz
wget http://mirror.hust.edu.cn/gnu/ncurses/ncurses-6.1.tar.gz
wget mirror.hust.edu.cn/gnu/ncurses/ncurses-6.1.tar.gz
wget http://ftp.sjtu.edu.cn/ubuntu/pool/main/l/ltrace/ltrace_0.7.3.orig.tar.bz2

yuhang@yuhang-VirtualBox:~/arm-linux-tools/crosstool-build/.build/tarballs$ ls --》下载的tar包路径
automake-1.16.1.tar.xz linux-4.20.8.tar.gz
gmp-6.1.2.tar.xz.tmp-dl zlib-1.2.11.tar.xz

编译成功后，在tools目录下可以看到toolchain

yuhang@yuhang-VirtualBox:~/arm-linux-tools/tools/bin$ ./arm-unknown-linux-gnueabi-gcc -v
Using built-in specs.
COLLECT_GCC=./arm-unknown-linux-gnueabi-gcc
COLLECT_LTO_WRAPPER=/home/yuhang/arm-linux-tools/tools/libexec/gcc/arm-unknown-linux-gnueabi/8.3.0/lto-wrapper
Target: arm-unknown-linux-gnueabi
Configured with: /home/yuhang/arm-linux-tools/crosstool-build/.build/arm-unknown-linux-gnueabi/src/gcc/configure --build=x86_64-build_pc-linux-gnu --host=x86_64-build_pc-linux-gnu --target=arm-unknown-linux-gnueabi --prefix=/home/yuhang/arm-linux-tools/tools --with-sysroot=/home/yuhang/arm-linux-tools/tools/arm-unknown-linux-gnueabi/sysroot --enable-languages=c,c++ --with-cpu=arm920t --with-float=soft --with-pkgversion='crosstool-NG 1.24.0' --disable-sjlj-exceptions --enable-__cxa_atexit --disable-libmudflap --disable-libgomp --disable-libssp --disable-libquadmath --disable-libquadmath-support --disable-libsanitizer --disable-libmpx --with-gmp=/home/yuhang/arm-linux-tools/crosstool-build/.build/arm-unknown-linux-gnueabi/buildtools --with-mpfr=/home/yuhang/arm-linux-tools/crosstool-build/.build/arm-unknown-linux-gnueabi/buildtools --with-mpc=/home/yuhang/arm-linux-tools/crosstool-build/.build/arm-unknown-linux-gnueabi/buildtools --with-isl=/home/yuhang/arm-linux-tools/crosstool-build/.build/arm-unknown-linux-gnueabi/buildtools --enable-lto --with-host-libstdcxx='-static-libgcc -Wl,-Bstatic,-lstdc++,-Bdynamic -lm' --enable-threads=posix --enable-target-optspace --enable-plugin --enable-gold --disable-nls --disable-multilib --with-local-prefix=/home/yuhang/arm-linux-tools/tools/arm-unknown-linux-gnueabi/sysroot --enable-long-long
Thread model: posix
gcc version 8.3.0 (crosstool-NG 1.24.0)
yuhang@yuhang-VirtualBox:~/arm-linux-tools/tools/bin$

以上toolchain可在Host主机上安装