QTreeView+自定义Model实现示例

QTreeView是用来显示树型结构的数据，比如目录组织，公司组织架构等，数据量小可以用Qt自带的Model实现，如果数据量大，则需要用自定义的Model实现，下面介绍自定义实现的方法，直接上代码：

#ifndef TYPEDEF_H
#define TYPEDEF_H#include <QVector>// department信息
typedef struct Department_t{QString name;                   // 部门名称int id;                         // 部门id号int number;                     // 部门人数QString preOrganizationName;    // 上级组织名Department_t(){id = 0;number = 0;}QVector<Department_t*> subList;
} Department;// 树列号
enum COLUMN
{COLUMN_NAME = 0,COLUMN_ID,COLUMN_NUM,COLUMN_OrganizationName
};#endif // TYPEDEF_H

#ifndef TREEITEM_H
#define TREEITEM_H#include <QVariant>class TreeItem
{
public:enum Type{UNKNOWN = -1,PROVINCE,PERSON};explicit TreeItem(TreeItem *parent = nullptr);~TreeItem();void addChild(TreeItem *item);void removeChildren();TreeItem *child(int row) { return _children.value(row); }TreeItem *parent() { return _parent; }int childCount() const { return _children.count(); }QVariant data(int column) const;//设置、获取节点存的数据指针void setPtr(void* p) { _ptr = p; }void* ptr() const { return _ptr; }// 保存该节点是其父节点的第几个子节点，查询优化所用void setRow(int row) { _row = row; }// 返回本节点位于父节点下第几个子节点int row() const { return _row; }Type getType() const { return _type; }void setType(const Type &value) { _type = value; }private:QList<TreeItem*> _children;   // 子节点TreeItem *_parent;          // 父节点Type _type;      // 此节点保存的数据类型void* _ptr;     // 存储数据的指针int _row;       // 此item位于父节点中第几个
};#endif // TREEITEM_H

#include "TreeItem.h"
#include "typedef.h"TreeItem::TreeItem(TreeItem *parent): _parent(parent),_type(UNKNOWN),_ptr(nullptr),_row(-1)
{}TreeItem::~TreeItem()
{removeChildren();
}// 在本节点下添加子节点
void TreeItem::addChild(TreeItem *item)
{item->setRow(_children.size());_children.append(item);
}// 清空所有子节点
void TreeItem::removeChildren()
{qDeleteAll(_children);_children.clear();
}// 获取本节点第column列的数据
QVariant TreeItem::data(int column) const
{Department *department = (Department*)_ptr;switch (column) {case COLUMN_NAME: return department->name;case COLUMN_ID: return department->id;case COLUMN_NUM: return department->number;case COLUMN_OrganizationName: return department->preOrganizationName;default:return QVariant();}return QVariant();
}

#ifndef TREEMODEL_H
#define TREEMODEL_H
#include <QAbstractItemModel>class TreeItem;class TreeModel : public QAbstractItemModel
{Q_OBJECT
public:explicit TreeModel(const QStringList& headers, QObject *parent = nullptr);~TreeModel() override;TreeItem *root();QVariant headerData(int section, Qt::Orientation orientation, int role) const override;QVariant data(const QModelIndex &index, int role) const override;QModelIndex index(int row, int column, const QModelIndex &parent) const override;QModelIndex parent(const QModelIndex &index) const override;int rowCount(const QModelIndex &parent) const override;int columnCount(const QModelIndex &parent) const override;private:TreeItem *itemFromIndex(const QModelIndex &index) const;private:QStringList _headers;TreeItem* _rootItem;
};#endif // TREEMODEL_H

#include "TreeModel.h"
#include "TreeItem.h"TreeModel::TreeModel(const QStringList& headers, QObject *parent): QAbstractItemModel(parent)
{_headers = headers;_rootItem = new TreeItem();
}TreeModel::~TreeModel()
{delete _rootItem;
}TreeItem *TreeModel::itemFromIndex(const QModelIndex &index) const
{if (index.isValid()){TreeItem *item = static_cast<TreeItem*>(index.internalPointer());return item;}return _rootItem;
}TreeItem *TreeModel::root()
{return _rootItem;
}// 获取表头数据
QVariant TreeModel::headerData(int section, Qt::Orientation orientation,int role) const
{if (orientation == Qt::Horizontal){if(role == Qt::DisplayRole){return _headers.at(section);}}return QVariant();
}// 获取index.row行，index.column列数据
QVariant TreeModel::data(const QModelIndex &index, int role) const
{if (!index.isValid())return QVariant();TreeItem *item = itemFromIndex(index);if (role == Qt::DisplayRole){return item->data(index.column());}return QVariant();
}// 在parent节点下，第row行，第column列位置上创建索引
QModelIndex TreeModel::index(int row, int column, const QModelIndex &parent) const
{if (!hasIndex(row, column, parent))return QModelIndex();TreeItem *parentItem = itemFromIndex(parent);TreeItem *item = parentItem->child(row);if (item)return createIndex(row, column, item);elsereturn QModelIndex();
}// 创建index的父索引
QModelIndex TreeModel::parent(const QModelIndex &index) const
{if (!index.isValid())return QModelIndex();TreeItem *item = itemFromIndex(index);TreeItem *parentItem = item->parent();if (parentItem == _rootItem)return QModelIndex();return createIndex(parentItem->row(), 0, parentItem);
}// 获取索引parent下有多少行
int TreeModel::rowCount(const QModelIndex &parent) const
{if (parent.column() > 0)return 0;TreeItem* item = itemFromIndex(parent);return item->childCount();
}// 返回索引parent下有多少列
int TreeModel::columnCount(const QModelIndex &parent) const
{return _headers.size();
}

#include "mainwindow.h"
#include "ui_mainwindow.h"
#include <QDebug>
#include <QTreeView>
#include <QHeaderView>
#include <QFile>
#include <QJsonObject>
#include <QJsonDocument>
#include <QJsonArray>
#include "TreeModel.h"
#include "TreeItem.h"MainWindow::MainWindow(QWidget *parent) :QMainWindow(parent),ui(new Ui::MainWindow)
{ui->setupUi(this);treeView = new QTreeView(this);treeView->setSelectionBehavior(QTreeView::SelectRows);         //一次选中整行treeView->setSelectionMode(QTreeView::SingleSelection);         //单选，配合上面的整行就是一次选单行treeView->setFocusPolicy(Qt::NoFocus);                          //去掉鼠标移到单元格上时的虚线框treeView->header()->setStretchLastSection(true);                //最后一列自适应宽度//treeView->setHeaderHidden(true);                                //设置表头隐藏setCentralWidget(treeView);QVector<Department*> proList = initData();setModel(proList);
}MainWindow::~MainWindow()
{delete ui;
}QVector<Department*>  MainWindow::initData()
{QFile file(":/default2.txt");file.open(QIODevice::ReadOnly);QJsonDocument doc = QJsonDocument::fromJson(file.readAll());QJsonObject obj = doc.object();QJsonArray array = obj.value("nextLevel").toArray();QVector<Department*> depList;qDebug() << "TreeModel::setupModelDataJson==============array.size()====" << array.size() << __LINE__;for(int i = 0; i < array.size(); ++i){QJsonObject subObject = array.at(i).toObject();QJsonArray subArray = subObject.value("nextLevel").toArray();Department *topDepartment = new Department();topDepartment->id = subObject.value("id").toInt();topDepartment->name = subObject.value("name").toString();topDepartment->number = subObject.value("nnt").toInt();topDepartment->preOrganizationName = subObject.value("preOrganizationName").toString();qDebug() << "TreeModel::setupModelDataJson==============subArray.size()====" << subArray.size() << __LINE__;//第二级for(int i = 0; i < subArray.size(); ++i){QJsonObject tempObj = subArray.at(i).toObject();Department *subDepartment = new Department();subDepartment->id = tempObj.value("id").toInt();subDepartment->name = tempObj.value("name").toString();subDepartment->number = tempObj.value("nnt").toInt();subDepartment->preOrganizationName = tempObj.value("preOrganizationName").toString();topDepartment->subList.append(subDepartment);}depList.append(topDepartment);}return depList;
}void MainWindow::setModel(const QVector<Department *> &depList)
{QStringList headers;headers << QStringLiteral("部门名称")<< QStringLiteral("部门Id")<< QStringLiteral("部门人数")<< QStringLiteral("上级部门");TreeModel* model = new TreeModel(headers, treeView);TreeItem* root = model->root();foreach (auto depNode, depList){TreeItem* depItem = new TreeItem(root);depItem->setPtr(depNode); // 保存数据指针root->addChild(depItem);foreach (auto subNode, depNode->subList){TreeItem* subItem = new TreeItem(depItem);subItem->setPtr(subNode);    // 保存数据指针depItem->addChild(subItem);}}treeView->setModel(model);
}

运行结果：

参考：

《QTreeView+QAbstractItemModel自定义模型》：系列教程之三_百里杨的博客-CSDN博客_qtreeview自定义
QTreeView使用总结13，自定义model示例，大大优化性能和内存_逆枫゛的博客-CSDN博客_qtreeview用法
Qt 自定义treemodel_sydnash的博客-CSDN博客_qt自定义treemodel

Qt 可编辑的树模型（Tree Model）的一个实例_qq_21291397的博客-CSDN博客_pyqt treemodel

Qt QTreeView 详解_Mr.codeee的博客-CSDN博客_qt treeview

QJsonObject和QString互转_风起时~微凉的博客-CSDN博客_qjsonobject转qstring

完整源码和测试数据

QTreeView+自定义Model实现示例-C++文档类资源-CSDN下载

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