Spring学习总结----

一、导入Spring必须的jar包

二、简单示例入门注入一个User

1.编写User实体类

package test.Spring.helloworld;

import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;

public class User {
@Override
public String toString() {
return “User [id=” + id + “, name=” + name + “]”;
}
public int getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(int id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
private int id;
private String name;

}

2.编写Spring配置文件，类型为xml，文件名可以自定义

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans  http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd" >

  <span style="color: #0000ff;">&lt;</span><span style="color: #800000;">bean </span><span style="color: #ff0000;">id</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">="User"</span><span style="color: #ff0000;"> class</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">="test.Spring.helloworld.User"</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">&gt;</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">&lt;</span><span style="color: #800000;">property </span><span style="color: #ff0000;">name</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">="id"</span><span style="color: #ff0000;"> value</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">="1"</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">&gt;&lt;/</span><span style="color: #800000;">property</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">&gt;</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">&lt;</span><span style="color: #800000;">property </span><span style="color: #ff0000;">name</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">="name"</span><span style="color: #ff0000;"> value</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">="jayjay"</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">&gt;&lt;/</span><span style="color: #800000;">property</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">&gt;</span>
<span style="color: #0000ff;">&lt;/</span><span style="color: #800000;">bean</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">&gt;</span>





</beans>



    



3.利用Spring容器创建托管对象User




        ApplicationContext context =new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml");User u = (User)context.getBean("User");System.out.println(u);




三、Bean的配置深入


1.bean引用其他bean


实体类示例：





        
    


package test.Spring.helloworld;





public class HelloWorld {

    public User getUser() {

    return user;

    }


</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">public</span> <span style="color: #0000ff;">void</span><span style="color: #000000;"> setUser(User user) {</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">this</span>.user =<span style="color: #000000;"> user;
}@Override
</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">public</span><span style="color: #000000;"> String toString() {</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">return</span> "HelloWorld [name=" + name + ", user=" + user + "]"<span style="color: #000000;">;
}</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">public</span><span style="color: #000000;"> String getName() {</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">return</span><span style="color: #000000;"> name;
}</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">public</span> <span style="color: #0000ff;">void</span><span style="color: #000000;"> setName(String name) {</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">this</span>.name =<span style="color: #000000;"> name;
}</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">private</span><span style="color: #000000;"> String name;
</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">private</span><span style="color: #000000;"> User user;</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">public</span><span style="color: #000000;"> HelloWorld(){}</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">public</span><span style="color: #000000;"> HelloWorld(String name){</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">this</span>.name =<span style="color: #000000;"> name;
}



}



    



配置示例：





        
    


    <!-- reference other bean --><bean id="HelloWorld" class="test.Spring.helloworld.HelloWorld"><!-- <property name="name" value="spring1"></property> --><constructor-arg value="spring2" type="java.lang.String"></constructor-arg><property name="user"><ref bean="User"/></property></bean>



        
    




调用方法依然是根据bean中的id


2.集合bean配置


实体类示例：





        
    


package test.Spring.helloworld;





import java.util.List;

    import java.util.Map;


public class User {

    public Map<String, Integer> getMap() {

    return map;

    }

    public void setMap(Map<String, Integer> map) {

    this.map = map;

    }

    public List<String> getList() {

    return list;

    }

    public void setList(List<String> list) {

    this.list = list;

    }

    @Override

    public String toString() {

    return “User [id=” + id + “, name=” + name + “, list=” + list

    + “, map=” + map + “]”;

    }

    public int getId() {

    return id;

    }

    public void setId(int id) {

    this.id = id;

    }

    public String getName() {

    return name;

    }

    public void setName(String name) {

    this.name = name;

    }

    private int id;

    private String name;

    private List<String> list;

    private Map<String,Integer> map;


}



    



配置示例：





        
    


    <!-- Configure the list bean --><bean id="testList" class="test.Spring.helloworld.User"><property name="list"><list><value>list1</value><value>list2</value><value>list3</value></list></property></bean>



<span style="color: #008000;">&lt;!--</span><span style="color: #008000;"> configure the map </span><span style="color: #008000;">--&gt;</span>
<span style="color: #0000ff;">&lt;</span><span style="color: #800000;">bean </span><span style="color: #ff0000;">id</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">="testMap"</span><span style="color: #ff0000;"> class</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">="test.Spring.helloworld.User"</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">&gt;</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">&lt;</span><span style="color: #800000;">property </span><span style="color: #ff0000;">name</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">="map"</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">&gt;</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">&lt;</span><span style="color: #800000;">map</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">&gt;</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">&lt;</span><span style="color: #800000;">entry </span><span style="color: #ff0000;">key</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">="first"</span><span style="color: #ff0000;"> value</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">="1"</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">&gt;&lt;/</span><span style="color: #800000;">entry</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">&gt;</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">&lt;</span><span style="color: #800000;">entry </span><span style="color: #ff0000;">key</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">="second"</span><span style="color: #ff0000;"> value</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">="2"</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">&gt;&lt;/</span><span style="color: #800000;">entry</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">&gt;</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">&lt;</span><span style="color: #800000;">entry </span><span style="color: #ff0000;">key</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">="third"</span><span style="color: #ff0000;"> value</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">="3"</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">&gt;&lt;/</span><span style="color: #800000;">entry</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">&gt;</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">&lt;/</span><span style="color: #800000;">map</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">&gt;</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">&lt;/</span><span style="color: #800000;">property</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">&gt;</span>
<span style="color: #0000ff;">&lt;/</span><span style="color: #800000;">bean</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">&gt;</span></pre>








    



3.Properties类型的bean


实体类示例：





        
    


package test.Spring.helloworld;





import java.util.Properties;


public class DataSource {

    @Override

    public String toString() {

    return “Properties [properties=” + properties + “]”;

    }


</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">public</span><span style="color: #000000;"> Properties getProperties() {</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">return</span><span style="color: #000000;"> properties;
}</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">public</span> <span style="color: #0000ff;">void</span><span style="color: #000000;"> setProperties(Properties properties) {</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">this</span>.properties =<span style="color: #000000;"> properties;
}</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">private</span><span style="color: #000000;"> Properties properties;



}



    



配置示例：





        
    


    <!-- configure the properties --><bean id="dataSource1" class="test.Spring.helloworld.DataSource"><property name="properties"><props><prop key="user">root</prop><prop key="password">1234</prop><prop key="jdbcUrl">jdbc:mysql:///test</prop><prop key="driverClass">com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</prop></props></property></bean>



        
    




4.使用Util定义引用其他bean的公共集合


需要先在xml导入命名空间





        
    


<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans  http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/util http://www.springframework.org/schema/util/spring-util-4.0.xsd"xmlns:util="http://www.springframework.org/schema/util"    >
</beans>



        
    




集合以及调用的xml配置





        
    


    <!-- if properties of collection are beans --><util:list id="users"><ref bean="User"/><ref bean="User"/><ref bean="User"/></util:list>



<span style="color: #0000ff;">&lt;</span><span style="color: #800000;">bean </span><span style="color: #ff0000;">id</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">="Users"</span><span style="color: #ff0000;"> class</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">="test.Spring.helloworld.Users"</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">&gt;</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">&lt;</span><span style="color: #800000;">property </span><span style="color: #ff0000;">name</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">="list"</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">&gt;</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">&lt;</span><span style="color: #800000;">ref </span><span style="color: #ff0000;">bean</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">="users"</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">/&gt;</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">&lt;/</span><span style="color: #800000;">property</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">&gt;</span>
<span style="color: #0000ff;">&lt;/</span><span style="color: #800000;">bean</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">&gt;</span></pre>








    



5.使用p简化bean的属性赋值


首先，导入p的命名空间




xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"




实体类实例：





        
    


package test.Spring.helloworld;





import java.util.List;

    import java.util.Map;


public class User {

    @Override

    public String toString() {

    return “User [id=” + id + “, name=” + name + “]”;

    }

    public int getId() {

    return id;

    }

    public void setId(int id) {

    this.id = id;

    }

    public String getName() {

    return name;

    }

    public void setName(String name) {

    this.name = name;

    }

    private int id;

    private String name;


}



    



配置示例：




    <!-- use p to write the bean quickly and conveniently --><bean id="User1" class="test.Spring.helloworld.User" p:id="2" p:name="jayjay2" />




6.abstract模板bean


设置abstract=true表明此bean是模板bean，为其他bean提供属性值模板




    <!-- template bean --><bean abstract="true"  id="template" p:id="50" p:name="fromTemplate"></bean><bean id="User2" parent="template" class="test.Spring.helloworld.User"></bean>




7.单例bean和原型bean




    <!-- use scope to build singleton/prototype bean --><bean id="User3" parent="template" scope="singleton" class="test.Spring.helloworld.User"></bean><bean id="User4" parent="template" scope="prototype" class="test.Spring.helloworld.User"></bean>




singleton:此bean为单例，在context创建时已经创建，并且只有一个实例。


prototype:当需要时创建实例。


8.静态工厂方法配置bean


静态工厂类示例：





        
    


package test.Spring.FactoryBean;





import java.util.HashMap;

    import java.util.Map;


public class StaticFactoryMethod {

    public static Map<String,Person> map = new HashMap<String,Person>();


</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">static</span><span style="color: #000000;"> {map.put(</span>"first", <span style="color: #0000ff;">new</span> Person(1,"jayjay1"<span style="color: #000000;">));map.put(</span>"second", <span style="color: #0000ff;">new</span> Person(2,"jayjay2"<span style="color: #000000;">));
}</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">public</span> <span style="color: #0000ff;">static</span><span style="color: #000000;"> Person getPerson(String key){</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">return</span><span style="color: #000000;"> map.get(key);
}



}



    



配置示例：




    <!-- static factory method -->    <bean id="person" factory-method="getPerson" class="test.Spring.FactoryBean.StaticFactoryMethod"><constructor-arg value="first" type="java.lang.String"></constructor-arg></bean>




9.实例工厂方法配置bean


工厂类示例：





        
    


package test.Spring.FactoryBean;





import java.util.HashMap;

    import java.util.Map;


public class InstanceFactoryMethod {

    public static Map<String,Person> map = new HashMap<String,Person>();


</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">static</span><span style="color: #000000;"> {map.put(</span>"first", <span style="color: #0000ff;">new</span> Person(1,"jayjay1"<span style="color: #000000;">));map.put(</span>"second", <span style="color: #0000ff;">new</span> Person(2,"jayjay2"<span style="color: #000000;">));
}</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">public</span><span style="color: #000000;"> Person getPerson(String key){</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">return</span><span style="color: #000000;"> map.get(key);
}



}



    



配置示例：




    <!-- instance factory method --><bean id="InstanceFactoryMethod" class="test.Spring.FactoryBean.InstanceFactoryMethod"></bean><bean id="person1" factory-bean="InstanceFactoryMethod" factory-method="getPerson"><constructor-arg value="second"></constructor-arg></bean>




10.通过实现FactoryBean完成bean的配置


需要对FactoryBean接口的3个方法进行适当重写


PersonFactoryBean类示例：





        
    


package test.Spring.FactoryBean;





import org.springframework.beans.factory.FactoryBean;


public class PersonFactoryBean implements FactoryBean<Person>{


</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">public</span> <span style="color: #0000ff;">int</span><span style="color: #000000;"> getId() {</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">return</span><span style="color: #000000;"> id;
}</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">public</span> <span style="color: #0000ff;">void</span> setId(<span style="color: #0000ff;">int</span><span style="color: #000000;"> id) {</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">this</span>.id =<span style="color: #000000;"> id;
}</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">public</span><span style="color: #000000;"> String getName() {</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">return</span><span style="color: #000000;"> name;
}</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">public</span> <span style="color: #0000ff;">void</span><span style="color: #000000;"> setName(String name) {</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">this</span>.name =<span style="color: #000000;"> name;
}</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">private</span> <span style="color: #0000ff;">int</span><span style="color: #000000;"> id;
</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">private</span><span style="color: #000000;"> String name;@Override
</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">public</span> Person getObject() <span style="color: #0000ff;">throws</span><span style="color: #000000;"> Exception {</span><span style="color: #008000;">//</span><span style="color: #008000;"> TODO Auto-generated method stub</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">return</span> <span style="color: #0000ff;">new</span><span style="color: #000000;"> Person(id,name);
}@Override
</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">public</span> Class&lt;?&gt;<span style="color: #000000;"> getObjectType() {</span><span style="color: #008000;">//</span><span style="color: #008000;"> TODO Auto-generated method stub</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">return</span> Person.<span style="color: #0000ff;">class</span><span style="color: #000000;">;
}@Override
</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">public</span> <span style="color: #0000ff;">boolean</span><span style="color: #000000;"> isSingleton() {</span><span style="color: #008000;">//</span><span style="color: #008000;"> TODO Auto-generated method stub</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">return</span> <span style="color: #0000ff;">false</span><span style="color: #000000;">;
}



}



    



配置示例：




    <!-- use factory bean to get a instance --><bean id="person2" class="test.Spring.FactoryBean.PersonFactoryBean"><property name="id" value="3"></property><property name="name" value="FactoryBean"></property></bean>




四、通过注解配置bean


加上注解的类会被Spring容器管理


@Component


　　　　标注于通用实体类


@Controller


　　　　标注于Controller/Action


@Service


　　　　标注于Service


@Respository


　　　　标注于RespositoryImpl/DaoImlp


@Autowired


　　　　依据类型自动装配


@Qualifier


　　　　指定自动装载的bean的name


1.在Spring配置文件中导入context命名空间，并加入




<context:component-scan base-package="test.Spring.Annotation"></context:component-scan>




表示Spring将扫描test.Spring.Annotation及其子包中所有java文件，并将带有注解的类加入Spring容器进行管理。


例如：





        
    


<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans  http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsdhttp://www.springframework.org/schema/contexthttp://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"><context:component-scan base-package="test.Spring.Annotation"></context:component-scan>
</beans>



        
    




2.模拟三层，并用Spring注解方式注入


项目结构：




Person实体类





        
    


package test.Spring.Annotation;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;





@Component

    public class Person {

    @Override

    public String toString() {

    return “Person [id=” + id + “, name=” + name + “]”;

    }

    public int getId() {

    return id;

    }

    public void setId(int id) {

    this.id = id;

    }

    public String getName() {

    return name;

    }

    public void setName(String name) {

    this.name = name;

    }


</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">private</span> <span style="color: #0000ff;">int</span><span style="color: #000000;"> id;
</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">private</span><span style="color: #000000;"> String name;



}



    



PersonController





        
    


package test.Spring.Annotation.Controller;





import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;


@Controller

    public class PersonController {

    public void excute(){

    System.out.println(“PersonController.excute()…”);

    }

    }



    



PersonService





        
    


package test.Spring.Annotation.Service;





import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;


@Service

    public class PersonService {

    public void add(){

    System.out.println(“PersonService.add()…”);

    }

    }



    



PersonRepository接口




package test.Spring.Annotation.Repository;





public interface PersonRepository {

    void add();

    }


PersonRepositoryImpl接口实现类





        
    


package test.Spring.Annotation.Repository;





import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;


@Repository

    public class PersonRepositoryImpl implements PersonRepository {


@Override
</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">public</span> <span style="color: #0000ff;">void</span><span style="color: #000000;"> add() {System.out.println(</span>"PersonRepositoryImpl.add()..."<span style="color: #000000;">);
}



}



    



Main类中测试





        
    


package test.Spring.Annotation;





import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;

    import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;


import test.Spring.Annotation.Controller.PersonController;

    import test.Spring.Annotation.Repository.PersonRepository;

    import test.Spring.Annotation.Service.PersonService;


public class Main {

    public static void main(String[] args) {

    ApplicationContext context =new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext(“applicationContextForAnnotation.xml”);


    </span><span style="color: #008000;">//</span><span style="color: #008000;">inject the common bean</span>System.out.println(context.getBean("testAutowired"<span style="color: #000000;">));</span><span style="color: #008000;">//</span><span style="color: #008000;">inject the repository</span>PersonRepository pr = (PersonRepository)context.getBean("personRepositoryImpl"<span style="color: #000000;">);pr.add();</span><span style="color: #008000;">//</span><span style="color: #008000;">inject the controller</span>PersonController pc = (PersonController)context.getBean("personController"<span style="color: #000000;">);pc.excute();</span><span style="color: #008000;">//</span><span style="color: #008000;">inject the service</span>PersonService ps = (PersonService)context.getBean("personService"<span style="color: #000000;">);ps.add();}



}



    



3.泛型三层的注入


Spring配置文件





        
    


<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans  http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsdhttp://www.springframework.org/schema/contexthttp://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"    ><context:component-scan base-package="test.Spring.Generic.di"></context:component-scan>
</beans>



        
    




BaseRespository





        
    


package test.Spring.Generic.di;





public class BaseRepository<T> {


</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">public</span> <span style="color: #0000ff;">void</span><span style="color: #000000;"> save() {System.out.println(</span>"repository.save()..."<span style="color: #000000;">);
}



}



    



PersonRepository




package test.Spring.Generic.di;





public interface PersonRespository {

    void save();

    }


PersonRepositoryImpl


继承BaseRepository就不需要再写一次save方法，且同时实现了PersonRepository接口





        
    


package test.Spring.Generic.di;





import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;


import test.Spring.Annotation.Person;


@Repository

    public class PersonRespositoryImpl extends BaseRepository<Person> implements PersonRespository {


}



    



BaseService对Dao进行自动装配，子类继承后装配的是子类Respository





        
    


package test.Spring.Generic.di;





import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;


public class BaseService<T> {


@Autowired
</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">protected</span> BaseRepository&lt;T&gt;<span style="color: #000000;"> baseRespository;</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">public</span> <span style="color: #0000ff;">void</span><span style="color: #000000;"> save(){System.out.println(</span>"service.save()..."<span style="color: #000000;">);System.out.println(baseRespository);
}



}



    



PersonService继承了BaseService，就不需要再写实现save方法，定义Repository字段了





        
    


package test.Spring.Generic.di;





import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;


import test.Spring.Annotation.Person;


@Service

    public class PersonService extends BaseService<Person>{


}



    



Main类中调用





        
    


package test.Spring.Generic.di;





import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;

    import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;


public class Main {

    public static void main(String[] args) {

    ApplicationContext context =new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext(“applicationContextForGeneric.xml”);

    PersonService ps = (PersonService)context.getBean(“personService”);

    ps.save();

    }

    }



    



输出为




第二句说明调用的是继承BaseService的PersonService拿到的Respository是PersonRepositoryImpl，说明泛型注入成功。　　　　


十、使用SpringAOP完成简单的程序


1.导入SpringAOP所需jar包




2.编写spring的配置文件applicationContext.xml





        
    


<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"



xsi:schemaLocation</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans  http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/util http://www.springframework.org/schema/util/spring-util-4.0.xsdhttp://www.springframework.org/schema/contexthttp://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsdhttp://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd"</span><span style="color: #ff0000;">xmlns:util</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">="http://www.springframework.org/schema/util"</span><span style="color: #ff0000;">xmlns:p</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"</span><span style="color: #ff0000;">xmlns:context</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"</span><span style="color: #ff0000;">xmlns:aop</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"</span>    <span style="color: #0000ff;">&gt;</span>
<span style="color: #008000;">&lt;!--</span><span style="color: #008000;"> configure the package for spring to scan </span><span style="color: #008000;">--&gt;</span>
<span style="color: #0000ff;">&lt;</span><span style="color: #800000;">context:component-scan </span><span style="color: #ff0000;">base-package</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">="test.Spring.AOP"</span> <span style="color: #0000ff;">/&gt;</span><span style="color: #008000;">&lt;!--</span><span style="color: #008000;"> make the aspectj annotation to be used </span><span style="color: #008000;">--&gt;</span>
<span style="color: #0000ff;">&lt;</span><span style="color: #800000;">aop:aspectj-autoproxy</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">&gt;&lt;/</span><span style="color: #800000;">aop:aspectj-autoproxy</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">&gt;</span>







</beans>



    



3.创建一个HelloWord接口以及它的实现类HelloWordImpl




public interface HelloWord {public int sayHello(int num);
}







        
    


@Component
public class HelloWordImpl implements HelloWord{public int sayHello(int num){System.out.println("hello word");return 100/num;}
}



        
    




4.SpringAOP注释的类型有5种


@Before 前置通知 在方法执行前执行


@After 后置通知 在方法执行后执行


@AfterThrowing 异常通知 在方法抛出异常之后执行


@AfterReturning 返回通知 在方法返回结果之后执行


@Around 环绕通知 环绕着方法执行


5.创建一个切面类（包含@Before @After @AfterThrowing @AfterReturning）





        
    


@Component
@Aspect
public class HelloWordAspect {



@Before(value</span>="execution(* test.Spring.AOP.HelloWord.sayHello(..))"<span style="color: #000000;">)
</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">public</span> <span style="color: #0000ff;">void</span><span style="color: #000000;"> beforeMethod(JoinPoint jp){String methodName </span>=<span style="color: #000000;"> jp.getSignature().getName();System.out.println(methodName);System.out.println(</span>"before method execute,args are "+<span style="color: #000000;">Arrays.toString(jp.getArgs()));
}@After(</span>"execution(* test.Spring.AOP.HelloWord.sayHello(..))"<span style="color: #000000;">)
</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">public</span> <span style="color: #0000ff;">void</span><span style="color: #000000;"> afterMethod(JoinPoint jp){System.out.println(</span>"after method execute,args are "+<span style="color: #000000;">Arrays.toString(jp.getArgs()));
}@AfterThrowing(value</span>="execution(* test.Spring.AOP.HelloWord.sayHello(..))",throwing="ex"<span style="color: #000000;">)
</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">public</span> <span style="color: #0000ff;">void</span><span style="color: #000000;"> afterThrow(Exception ex){System.out.println(</span>"afterThrow"+<span style="color: #000000;">ex.getMessage());
}@AfterReturning(value</span>="execution(* test.Spring.AOP.HelloWord.sayHello(..))",returning="result"<span style="color: #000000;">)
</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">public</span> <span style="color: #0000ff;">void</span><span style="color: #000000;"> afterReturn(Object result){System.out.println(</span>"the result is "+<span style="color: #000000;">result);
}







}



    



6.在主函数调用





        
    


public class Main {public static void main(String[] args) {ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContextForAOP.xml");



    HelloWord hw </span>= (HelloWord) context.getBean("helloWordImpl"<span style="color: #000000;">);hw.sayHello(</span>10<span style="color: #000000;">);
}







}



    



7.调用结果




结果说明，在sayHello方法是被Spring代理执行了，执行前后加上了一些切面类中定义的信息。


8.使用Around环绕通知切面类实现类似效果





        
    


@Component
@Aspect
public class HelloWordAspectAround {@Around(value="execution(* test.Spring.AOP.HelloWord.sayHello(..)))")public Object aroundMethod(ProceedingJoinPoint pjp){Object result = null;String methodName = pjp.getSignature().getName();try {result = pjp.proceed();        System.out.println("the result is "+result);} catch (Throwable e) {System.out.println("Exception occurs : "+e.getMessage());throw new RuntimeException(e);}System.out.println(methodName+" end");



    </span><span style="color: #0000ff;">return</span><span style="color: #000000;"> result;
}







}



    



十一、SpringAOP整合Hibernate并使用事务(模拟买书的过程)


1.内容准备


①.编写实体类


Book





        
    


public class Book {public int getId() {return id;}public void setId(int id) {this.id = id;}public String getName() {return name;}public void setName(String name) {this.name = name;}public int getPrice() {return price;}public void setPrice(int price) {this.price = price;}public int getCount() {return count;}public void setCount(int count) {this.count = count;}private int id;private String name;private int price;private int count;
}



        
    




Customer





        
    


public class Customer {public int getId() {return id;}public void setId(int id) {this.id = id;}public String getName() {return name;}public void setName(String name) {this.name = name;}public int getBalance() {return balance;}public void setBalance(int balance) {this.balance = balance;}private int id;private String name;private int balance;
}



        
    




②.编写实体类映射文件





        
    


<hibernate-mapping package="springaop.model"><class name="Book" table="t_book"><id name="id" type="int" column="id" ><generator class="native"></generator></id><property name="name" type="string" column="name"/><property name="price" type="int" column="price"/><property name="count" type="int" column="count"/>



<span style="color: #0000ff;">&lt;/</span><span style="color: #800000;">class</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">&gt;</span>







</hibernate-mapping>



    






        
    


<hibernate-mapping package="springaop.model"><class name="Customer" table="t_customer"><id name="id" type="int" column="id" ><generator class="native"></generator></id><property name="name" type="string" column="name"/><property name="balance" type="int" column="balance"/>



<span style="color: #0000ff;">&lt;/</span><span style="color: #800000;">class</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">&gt;</span>







</hibernate-mapping>



    



③.编写dao及daoImpl




public interface ShopRepository {public int findBookPriceByBookName(String name);public void updateBookCount(String name);public void updateUserBalance(String name,int price);
}







        
    


@Repository
public class ShopRepositoryImpl implements ShopRepository{



@Autowired
</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">private</span><span style="color: #000000;"> SessionFactory sessionFactory;</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">private</span><span style="color: #000000;"> Session getSession(){</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">return</span><span style="color: #000000;"> sessionFactory.getCurrentSession();
}@Override
</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">public</span> <span style="color: #0000ff;">int</span><span style="color: #000000;"> findBookPriceByBookName(String name) {String sql </span>= "select b.price from Book b where b.name=?"<span style="color: #000000;">;Query query </span>= getSession().createQuery(sql).setString(0<span style="color: #000000;">, name);</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">return</span><span style="color: #000000;"> (Integer)query.uniqueResult();
}@Override
</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">public</span> <span style="color: #0000ff;">void</span><span style="color: #000000;"> updateBookCount(String name) {String sql1 </span>= "select b.count from Book b where b.name=?"<span style="color: #000000;">;Query query </span>= getSession().createQuery(sql1).setString(0<span style="color: #000000;">,name);</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">int</span> count = (<span style="color: #0000ff;">int</span><span style="color: #000000;">)query.uniqueResult();</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">if</span>(count&lt;=0<span style="color: #000000;">){</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">throw</span> <span style="color: #0000ff;">new</span> RuntimeException("库存不足"<span style="color: #000000;">);}String sql2 </span>= "update Book b set b.count=b.count-1 where b.name=?"<span style="color: #000000;">;getSession().createQuery(sql2).setString(</span>0<span style="color: #000000;">,name).executeUpdate();
}@Override
</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">public</span> <span style="color: #0000ff;">void</span> updateUserBalance(String name, <span style="color: #0000ff;">int</span><span style="color: #000000;"> price) {String sql1 </span>= "select c.balance from Customer c where c.name=?"<span style="color: #000000;">;Query query </span>= getSession().createQuery(sql1).setString(0<span style="color: #000000;">,name);</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">int</span> count = (<span style="color: #0000ff;">int</span><span style="color: #000000;">)query.uniqueResult();</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">if</span>(count-price&lt;0<span style="color: #000000;">){</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">throw</span> <span style="color: #0000ff;">new</span> RuntimeException("余额不足"<span style="color: #000000;">);}String sql2 </span>= "update Customer c set c.balance=c.balance-? where c.name=?"<span style="color: #000000;">;getSession().createQuery(sql2).setInteger(</span>0, price).setString(1<span style="color: #000000;">,name).executeUpdate();
}







}



    



④.编写service及serviceImpl




public interface ShopService {public void shop(String bookName,String username);
}







        
    


@Service
public class ShopServiceImpl implements ShopService{



@Autowired
</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">private</span><span style="color: #000000;"> ShopRepository sr;@Override
</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">public</span> <span style="color: #0000ff;">void</span><span style="color: #000000;"> shop(String bookName, String username) {</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">int</span> price =<span style="color: #000000;"> sr.findBookPriceByBookName(bookName);sr.updateUserBalance(username, price);sr.updateBookCount(bookName);
}







}



    



2.加入Hibernate


①．添加hibernate必须的jar包




②．添加hibernate.cfg.xml





        
    


<hibernate-configuration><session-factory><!-- 配置hibernate的基本属性 -->    <!-- 1.数据源的配置，配置到SpringIOC中，此处不需要再进行配置 --><!-- 2.关联实体的映射文件 .hbm.xml文件也在IOC容器配置SessionFactory实例时配置 --><!-- 3.配置hibernate的基本属性  方言、sql显示及格式化、数据库表生成策略、二级缓存-->        <property name="dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL5InnoDBDialect</property><property name="show_sql">true</property><property name="hbm2ddl.auto">update</property>



    <span style="color: #008000;">&lt;!--</span><span style="color: #008000;"> 配置hibernate二级缓存相关 </span><span style="color: #008000;">--&gt;</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">&lt;/</span><span style="color: #800000;">session-factory</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">&gt;</span>







</hibernate-configuration>



    



3.加入Spring


①.导入Spring必须的jar包




②.配置Spring的applicationContext.xml及db.properties文件





        
    


<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans  http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/util http://www.springframework.org/schema/util/spring-util-4.0.xsdhttp://www.springframework.org/schema/contexthttp://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsdhttp://www.springframework.org/schema/txhttp://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.1.xsdhttp://www.springframework.org/schema/aophttp://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-4.1.xsd             "xmlns:util="http://www.springframework.org/schema/util"xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"    xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop">



<span style="color: #008000;">&lt;!--</span><span style="color: #008000;"> 配置Spring扫描的包 </span><span style="color: #008000;">--&gt;</span>
<span style="color: #0000ff;">&lt;</span><span style="color: #800000;">context:component-scan </span><span style="color: #ff0000;">base-package</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">="springaop"</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">&gt;&lt;/</span><span style="color: #800000;">context:component-scan</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">&gt;</span><span style="color: #008000;">&lt;!--</span><span style="color: #008000;"> 配置数据源 </span><span style="color: #008000;">--&gt;</span>
<span style="color: #008000;">&lt;!--</span><span style="color: #008000;"> 导入资源文件 </span><span style="color: #008000;">--&gt;</span>
<span style="color: #0000ff;">&lt;</span><span style="color: #800000;">context:property-placeholder </span><span style="color: #ff0000;">location</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">="classpath:db.properties"</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">/&gt;</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">&lt;</span><span style="color: #800000;">bean </span><span style="color: #ff0000;">id</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">="dataSource"</span><span style="color: #ff0000;"> class</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource"</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">&gt;</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">&lt;</span><span style="color: #800000;">property </span><span style="color: #ff0000;">name</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">="user"</span><span style="color: #ff0000;"> value</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">="${jdbc.user}"</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">&gt;&lt;/</span><span style="color: #800000;">property</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">&gt;</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">&lt;</span><span style="color: #800000;">property </span><span style="color: #ff0000;">name</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">="password"</span><span style="color: #ff0000;"> value</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">="${jdbc.password}"</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">&gt;&lt;/</span><span style="color: #800000;">property</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">&gt;</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">&lt;</span><span style="color: #800000;">property </span><span style="color: #ff0000;">name</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">="driverClass"</span><span style="color: #ff0000;"> value</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">="${jdbc.driverClass}"</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">&gt;&lt;/</span><span style="color: #800000;">property</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">&gt;</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">&lt;</span><span style="color: #800000;">property </span><span style="color: #ff0000;">name</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">="jdbcUrl"</span><span style="color: #ff0000;"> value</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">="${jdbc.jdbcUrl}"</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">&gt;&lt;/</span><span style="color: #800000;">property</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">&gt;</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">&lt;</span><span style="color: #800000;">property </span><span style="color: #ff0000;">name</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">="initialPoolSize"</span><span style="color: #ff0000;"> value</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">="${jdbc.initialPoolSize}"</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">&gt;&lt;/</span><span style="color: #800000;">property</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">&gt;</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">&lt;</span><span style="color: #800000;">property </span><span style="color: #ff0000;">name</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">="maxPoolSize"</span><span style="color: #ff0000;"> value</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">="${jdbc.maxPoolSize}"</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">&gt;&lt;/</span><span style="color: #800000;">property</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">&gt;</span>
<span style="color: #0000ff;">&lt;/</span><span style="color: #800000;">bean</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">&gt;</span><span style="color: #008000;">&lt;!--</span><span style="color: #008000;"> 配置Hibernete的SessionFactory实例 </span><span style="color: #008000;">--&gt;</span>
<span style="color: #008000;">&lt;!--</span><span style="color: #008000;"> 通过配置Spring提供的LcalSessionFactory </span><span style="color: #008000;">--&gt;</span>
<span style="color: #0000ff;">&lt;</span><span style="color: #800000;">bean </span><span style="color: #ff0000;">id</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">="sessionFactory"</span><span style="color: #ff0000;"> class</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">="org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.LocalSessionFactoryBean"</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">&gt;</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">&lt;</span><span style="color: #800000;">property </span><span style="color: #ff0000;">name</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">="dataSource"</span><span style="color: #ff0000;"> ref</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">="dataSource"</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">&gt;&lt;/</span><span style="color: #800000;">property</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">&gt;</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">&lt;</span><span style="color: #800000;">property </span><span style="color: #ff0000;">name</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">="configLocation"</span><span style="color: #ff0000;"> value</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">="classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml"</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">&gt;&lt;/</span><span style="color: #800000;">property</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">&gt;</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">&lt;</span><span style="color: #800000;">property </span><span style="color: #ff0000;">name</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">="mappingLocations"</span><span style="color: #ff0000;"> value</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">="classpath:springaop/model/*.hbm.xml"</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">&gt;&lt;/</span><span style="color: #800000;">property</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">&gt;</span>
<span style="color: #0000ff;">&lt;/</span><span style="color: #800000;">bean</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">&gt;</span><span style="color: #008000;">&lt;!--</span><span style="color: #008000;"> 配置Spring的声明式事务 </span><span style="color: #008000;">--&gt;</span>
<span style="color: #008000;">&lt;!--</span><span style="color: #008000;"> 1.配置事务管理器 </span><span style="color: #008000;">--&gt;</span>
<span style="color: #0000ff;">&lt;</span><span style="color: #800000;">bean </span><span style="color: #ff0000;">id</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">="transactionManager"</span><span style="color: #ff0000;"> class</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">="org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.HibernateTransactionManager"</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">&gt;</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">&lt;</span><span style="color: #800000;">property </span><span style="color: #ff0000;">name</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">="sessionFactory"</span><span style="color: #ff0000;"> ref</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">="sessionFactory"</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">&gt;&lt;/</span><span style="color: #800000;">property</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">&gt;</span>
<span style="color: #0000ff;">&lt;/</span><span style="color: #800000;">bean</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">&gt;</span><span style="color: #008000;">&lt;!--</span><span style="color: #008000;"> 2.配置事务属性 </span><span style="color: #008000;">--&gt;</span>
<span style="color: #0000ff;">&lt;</span><span style="color: #800000;">tx:advice </span><span style="color: #ff0000;">id</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">="txAdvice"</span><span style="color: #ff0000;"> transaction-manager</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">="transactionManager"</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">&gt;</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">&lt;</span><span style="color: #800000;">tx:attributes</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">&gt;</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">&lt;</span><span style="color: #800000;">tx:method </span><span style="color: #ff0000;">name</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">="*"</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">/&gt;</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">&lt;/</span><span style="color: #800000;">tx:attributes</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">&gt;</span>
<span style="color: #0000ff;">&lt;/</span><span style="color: #800000;">tx:advice</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">&gt;</span><span style="color: #008000;">&lt;!--</span><span style="color: #008000;"> 3.配置事务切点，并把切点和事务关联起来， </span><span style="color: #008000;">--&gt;</span>
<span style="color: #0000ff;">&lt;</span><span style="color: #800000;">aop:config</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">&gt;</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">&lt;</span><span style="color: #800000;">aop:pointcut </span><span style="color: #ff0000;">expression</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">="execution(* springaop.service.*.*(..))"</span><span style="color: #ff0000;"> id</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">="txPointcut"</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">/&gt;</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">&lt;</span><span style="color: #800000;">aop:advisor </span><span style="color: #ff0000;">advice-ref</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">="txAdvice"</span><span style="color: #ff0000;"> pointcut-ref</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">="txPointcut"</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">/&gt;</span>
<span style="color: #0000ff;">&lt;/</span><span style="color: #800000;">aop:config</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">&gt;</span>







</beans>



    






        
    


jdbc.user=root
jdbc.password=1234
jdbc.driverClass=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
jdbc.jdbcUrl=jdbc:mysql:///test





jdbc.initialPoolSize=5

    jdbc.maxPoolSize=10



    



4.运行测试





        
    


public class test {private ApplicationContext context = null;



</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">private</span> ShopService ss = <span style="color: #0000ff;">null</span><span style="color: #000000;">;{context </span>= <span style="color: #0000ff;">new</span> ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml"<span style="color: #000000;">);ss</span>= context.getBean(ShopService.<span style="color: #0000ff;">class</span><span style="color: #000000;">);
}@Test
</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">public</span> <span style="color: #0000ff;">void</span> test() <span style="color: #0000ff;">throws</span><span style="color: #000000;"> SQLException{DataSource ds </span>= context.getBean(DataSource.<span style="color: #0000ff;">class</span><span style="color: #000000;">);System.out.println(ds.getConnection());
}@Test
</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">public</span> <span style="color: #0000ff;">void</span><span style="color: #000000;"> test1(){ss.shop(</span>"Java", "jayjay"<span style="color: #000000;">);
}@Test
</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">public</span> <span style="color: #0000ff;">void</span><span style="color: #000000;"> test3(){ss.shop(</span>"C", "jayjay"<span style="color: #000000;">);
}







}



    



当钱不够的时候，会抛出异常“余额不足”，并且事务回滚；当钱足够时，正常执行。


源码下载：SpringAOP整合Hibernate并使用事务(模拟买书的过程)-源码


转自：Spring详细教程
												


											

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