微信小程序获取用户手机号码，Java后台servlet解密（微信小程序调用微信支付也是大致的流程）
2024-06-09 04:52:17
本篇记录说明
微信小程序获取用户手机号码，Java后台servlet解密（微信小程序调用微信支付也是大致的流程，详细内容可私信交流）
（第一次写博客，写得不好的地方见谅，面向新手，大佬请无视，不喜勿喷）
一、前言：
微信小程序有一个获取用户手机号码很便捷的接口，通过getPhoneNumber获取用户的已经绑定微信的手机号码。
现在微信和注重用户体验，必须要用户主动触发才可以。必须使用 open-type="getPhoneNumber" 的按钮来触发。
二、实现步骤：
1、通过wx.login获取【code】；
2、通过getPhoneNumber获取【encryptedData】 、【iv】；（ps：切记第1步和第2步的顺序不能颠倒，先调用wx.login，把wx.login写在onload方法里面；然后再通过getPhoneNumber获取【encryptedData】 、【iv】）
3、通过wx.request将【encryptedData】 、【iv】 、【code】发送到Java后台；
4、Java后台使用【code】，请求微信后台登录凭证校验接口auth.code2Session，获取【openid】和【sessionKey】返回Java后台；
5、Java后台使用【encryptedData】、【iv】、【sessionKey】解密获取用户手机号返回给微信小程序。（ps：微信给的后台解密示例代码里面没有Java，是的，你没有看错，没有Java。）
三、代码展示
1、小程序代码如下：
(1)getPhoneNumber.wxml
<view class='header'></view><view class='text_view'><text>申请获取以下权限</text>
</view><view class='content'><text>获得您的信息(手机号码等)</text>
</view><button class='bottom' type='primary' lang="zh_CN" open-type="getPhoneNumber" bindgetphonenumber="getPhoneNumber">获取手机号码
</button><view class='problem'><text>登陆遇到问题？点此联系客服</text><button class='contact-btn' open-type='contact'>a</button>
</view><view bindtap="cooperate" class='cooperate-phonenumber'></view>(2)getPhoneNumber.wxss
page {/* background-color: #eee; */height: 100%;overflow: hidden;
}.header {margin: 90rpx 0 90rpx 50rpx;text-align: center;width: 650rpx;height: 300rpx;line-height: 450rpx;
}.header image {width: 180rpx;height: 180rpx;
}.text_view {width: 750rpx;display: flex;flex-direction: column;justify-content: center;align-items: center;
}.content {margin-bottom: 90rpx;display: flex;flex-direction: column;justify-content: center;align-items: center;
}.content text {display: block;color: #9d9d9d;margin-top: 40rpx;
}.bottom {border-radius: 80rpx;margin: 30rpx 20rpx;font-size: 35rpx;
}.problem {width: 50%;display: flex;flex-direction: column;justify-content: center;align-items:center;margin-left: 50%;
}.problem text {font-size: 28rpx;/* display: block; */color: #576B95;
}.contact-btn {position: absolute;width: 100%;opacity: 0;
}.cooperate-phonenumber {width: 100%;position: fixed;bottom:20rpx;display: flex;/* margin-top: 30%; */flex-direction: column;justify-content: center;align-items:center;/* margin-left: 50%; */
}.cooperate-phonenumber text {font-size: 28rpx;/* display: block; */color: #576B95;
}(3)getPhoneNumber.js
// src/pages/getPhoneNumber/getPhoneNumber.js
Page({/*** 页面的初始数据*/data: {},/*** 生命周期函数--监听页面加载*/onLoad: function(options) {//获取openidwx.login({success(res) {//获取登录凭证console.log("res.conde:" + res.code)try {wx.setStorageSync('code', res.code)} catch (e) {}}})},/*** 生命周期函数--监听页面初次渲染完成*/onReady: function() {},/*** 生命周期函数--监听页面显示*/onShow: function() {},getPhoneNumber(e) {console.log(e)console.log("e.detail.errMsg:" + e.detail.errMsg)console.log("e.detail.iv:" + e.detail.iv)console.log("e.detail.encryptedData:" + e.detail.encryptedData)var code = wx.getStorageSync('code')console.log("conde:" + code)wx.request({url: 'java后台servlet链接',method: "POST",data: {encryptedData: e.detail.encryptedData,iv: e.detail.iv,code: code,},header: {"Content-Type": "application/x-www-form-urlencoded"},success: function(data) {console.log('data：' + data.data)},fail: function() {console.log('request请求错误')},})},/*** 生命周期函数--监听页面隐藏*/onHide: function() {},/*** 生命周期函数--监听页面卸载*/onUnload: function() {},/*** 页面相关事件处理函数--监听用户下拉动作*/onPullDownRefresh: function() {},/*** 页面上拉触底事件的处理函数*/onReachBottom: function() {},/*** 用户点击右上角分享*/onShareAppMessage: function() {}})2、Java后台servlet代码如下：
(1) getPhoneNumberServlet，网络请求用okhttp3
package servlet;import java.io.DataOutputStream;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.math.BigInteger;
import java.net.Socket;
import java.net.UnknownHostException;
import java.security.MessageDigest;import javax.security.sasl.SaslException;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;import okhttp3.OkHttpClient;
import okhttp3.Request;
import okhttp3.Response;
import tools.WXCore;public class getPhoneNumberServlet extends HttpServlet {public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {String selStr;InputStream is = null;try {is = request.getInputStream();StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();byte[] b = new byte[4096];for (int n; (n = is.read(b)) != -1;) {sb.append(new String(b, 0, n));}selStr = java.net.URLDecoder.decode(sb.toString(), "UTF-8");} catch (IOException e) {e.printStackTrace();return;} finally {if (null != is) {try {is.close();} catch (IOException e) {e.printStackTrace();}}}System.out.println("selStr：" + selStr);String encryptedData = selStr.substring(selStr.lastIndexOf("encryptedData=") + 14, selStr.lastIndexOf("&iv="));System.out.println("encryptedData：" + encryptedData);String iv = selStr.substring(selStr.lastIndexOf("iv=") + 3, selStr.lastIndexOf("&code="));System.out.println("iv：" + iv);String code = selStr.substring(selStr.lastIndexOf("code=") + 5);System.out.println("code：" + code);OkHttpClient client = new OkHttpClient();Request okrequest = new Request.Builder().url("https://api.weixin.qq.com/sns/jscode2session?appid=APPID&secret=SECRET&js_code=JSCODE&grant_type=authorization_code").build();try {Response okresponse = client.newCall(okrequest).execute();String responsedata = okresponse.body().string();System.out.println("responsedata：" + responsedata);String openid = responsedata.substring(responsedata.lastIndexOf(":") + 2,responsedata.lastIndexOf("\""));String session_key = responsedata.substring(responsedata.indexOf(":") + 2,responsedata.indexOf("==") + 2);System.out.println("原始的openid：" + openid);System.out.println("原始的session_key：" + session_key);String appId = "wx7xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx";WXCore wxcore = new WXCore();String phonenumber = wxcore.decrypt(appId, encryptedData, responsedata_session_key, iv);System.out.println("手机号码:" + phonenumber);response.getWriter().write(openid + "&" + phonenumber);} catch (IOException e) {e.printStackTrace();}}public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {doGet(request, response);}}
(2) AES类、WxPKCS7Encoder类、WXCore类，用于解密，用到的包有：bcprov-jdk15on-1.52.jar，commons-codec-1.6.jar，fastjson-1.2.56.jar
<dependency> <groupId>org.bouncycastle</groupId> <artifactId>bcprov-jdk16</artifactId> <version>1.46</version>
</dependency><dependency> <groupId>commons-codec</groupId> <artifactId>commons-codec</artifactId> <version>1.10</version>
</dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId> <artifactId>fastjson</artifactId> <version>1.2.29</version>
</dependency> import java.security.AlgorithmParameters;
import java.security.InvalidAlgorithmParameterException;
import java.security.InvalidKeyException;
import java.security.Key;
import java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException;
import java.security.NoSuchProviderException;
import java.security.Security; import javax.crypto.BadPaddingException;
import javax.crypto.Cipher;
import javax.crypto.IllegalBlockSizeException;
import javax.crypto.NoSuchPaddingException;
import javax.crypto.spec.IvParameterSpec;
import javax.crypto.spec.SecretKeySpec;
import org.bouncycastle.jce.provider.BouncyCastleProvider; /** * AES加密 */
public class AES { public static boolean initialized = false; /** * AES解密 * * @param content * 密文 * @return * @throws InvalidAlgorithmParameterException * @throws NoSuchProviderException */ public byte[] decrypt(byte[] content, byte[] keyByte, byte[] ivByte) throws InvalidAlgorithmParameterException { initialize(); try { Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance("AES/CBC/PKCS7Padding"); Key sKeySpec = new SecretKeySpec(keyByte, "AES"); cipher.init(Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, sKeySpec, generateIV(ivByte));// 初始化 byte[] result = cipher.doFinal(content); return result; } catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } catch (NoSuchPaddingException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } catch (InvalidKeyException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } catch (IllegalBlockSizeException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } catch (BadPaddingException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } catch (NoSuchProviderException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } return null; } public static void initialize() { if (initialized) return; Security.addProvider(new BouncyCastleProvider()); initialized = true; } // 生成iv public static AlgorithmParameters generateIV(byte[] iv) throws Exception { AlgorithmParameters params = AlgorithmParameters.getInstance("AES"); params.init(new IvParameterSpec(iv)); return params; }
}
import java.nio.charset.Charset;
import java.util.Arrays;/*** 微信小程序加解密*/
public class WxPKCS7Encoder {private static final Charset CHARSET = Charset.forName("utf-8");private static final int BLOCK_SIZE = 32;/*** 获得对明文进行补位填充的字节.* * @param count 需要进行填充补位操作的明文字节个数* @return 补齐用的字节数组*/public static byte[] encode(int count) {// 计算需要填充的位数int amountToPad = BLOCK_SIZE - (count % BLOCK_SIZE);if (amountToPad == 0) {amountToPad = BLOCK_SIZE;}// 获得补位所用的字符char padChr = chr(amountToPad);String tmp = new String();for (int index = 0; index < amountToPad; index++) {tmp += padChr;}return tmp.getBytes(CHARSET);}/*** 删除解密后明文的补位字符* * @param decrypted 解密后的明文* @return 删除补位字符后的明文*/public static byte[] decode(byte[] decrypted) {int pad = decrypted[decrypted.length - 1];if (pad < 1 || pad > 32) {pad = 0;}return Arrays.copyOfRange(decrypted, 0, decrypted.length - pad);}/*** 将数字转化成ASCII码对应的字符，用于对明文进行补码* * @param a 需要转化的数字* @return 转化得到的字符*/public static char chr(int a) {byte target = (byte) (a & 0xFF);return (char) target;}
}
import org.apache.commons.codec.binary.Base64;import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSON;
import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSONObject;/*** 封装对外访问方法*/
public class WXCore {private static final String WATERMARK = "watermark";private static final String APPID = "appid";/*** 解密数据* * @return* @throws Exception*/public static String decrypt(String appId, String encryptedData, String sessionKey, String iv) {String result = "";try {AES aes = new AES();byte[] resultByte = aes.decrypt(Base64.decodeBase64(encryptedData), Base64.decodeBase64(sessionKey),Base64.decodeBase64(iv));if (null != resultByte && resultByte.length > 0) {result = new String(WxPKCS7Encoder.decode(resultByte));JSONObject jsonObject = JSON.parseObject(result);String decryptAppid = jsonObject.getJSONObject(WATERMARK).getString(APPID);if (!appId.equals(decryptAppid)) {result = "";}}} catch (Exception e) {result = "";e.printStackTrace();}return result;}}四、步骤详解：
1、通过wx.login获取【code】；
/*** 生命周期函数--监听页面加载*/onLoad: function(options) {//获取openidwx.login({success(res) {//获取登录凭证console.log("res.conde:" + res.code)try {wx.setStorageSync('code', res.code)} catch (e) {}}})},2、通过getPhoneNumber获取【encryptedData】 、【iv】；（ps：切记第1步和第2步的顺序不能颠倒，先调用wx.login，把wx.login写在onload方法里面；然后再通过getPhoneNumber获取【encryptedData】 、【iv】）
getPhoneNumber(e) {console.log(e)console.log("e.detail.errMsg:" + e.detail.errMsg)console.log("e.detail.iv:" + e.detail.iv)console.log("e.detail.encryptedData:" + e.detail.encryptedData)},3、通过wx.request将【encryptedData】 、【iv】 、【code】发送到Java后台；
getPhoneNumber(e) {console.log(e)console.log("e.detail.errMsg:" + e.detail.errMsg)console.log("e.detail.iv:" + e.detail.iv)console.log("e.detail.encryptedData:" + e.detail.encryptedData)var code = wx.getStorageSync('code')console.log("conde:" + code)wx.request({url: 'Java后台servlet链接',method: "POST",data: {encryptedData: e.detail.encryptedData,iv: e.detail.iv,code: code,},header: {"Content-Type": "application/x-www-form-urlencoded"},success: function(data) {console.log('data：' + data.data)},fail: function() {console.log('request请求错误')},})},4、Java后台使用【code】，请求微信后台登录凭证校验接口auth.code2Session，获取【openid】和【sessionKey】返回Java后台；（ps：本篇中不用到【openid】，后续微信小程序调用微信支付时用到）
(1)新建getPhoneNumberServlet类，获取【encryptedData】 、【iv】 、【code】
package servlet;import java.io.DataOutputStream;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.math.BigInteger;
import java.net.Socket;
import java.net.UnknownHostException;
import java.security.MessageDigest;import javax.security.sasl.SaslException;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;import okhttp3.OkHttpClient;
import okhttp3.Request;
import okhttp3.Response;
import tools.WXCore;public class getPhoneNumberServlet extends HttpServlet {public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {String selStr;InputStream is = null;try {is = request.getInputStream();StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();byte[] b = new byte[4096];for (int n; (n = is.read(b)) != -1;) {sb.append(new String(b, 0, n));}selStr = java.net.URLDecoder.decode(sb.toString(), "UTF-8");} catch (IOException e) {e.printStackTrace();return;} finally {if (null != is) {try {is.close();} catch (IOException e) {e.printStackTrace();}}}System.out.println("selStr：" + selStr);String encryptedData = selStr.substring(selStr.lastIndexOf("encryptedData=") + 14, selStr.lastIndexOf("&iv="));System.out.println("encryptedData：" + encryptedData);String iv = selStr.substring(selStr.lastIndexOf("iv=") + 3, selStr.lastIndexOf("&code="));System.out.println("iv：" + iv);String code = selStr.substring(selStr.lastIndexOf("code=") + 5);System.out.println("code：" + code);}public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {doGet(request, response);}}
(2)将【code】、【小程序 appId】、【小程序 appSecret】、作为参数，使用okhttp请求微信后台登录凭证校验接口auth.code2Session，获取获取【openid】和【sessionKey】。（ps：本篇中不用到【openid】，后续微信小程序调用微信支付时用到）
package servlet;import java.io.DataOutputStream;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.math.BigInteger;
import java.net.Socket;
import java.net.UnknownHostException;
import java.security.MessageDigest;import javax.security.sasl.SaslException;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;import okhttp3.OkHttpClient;
import okhttp3.Request;
import okhttp3.Response;
import tools.WXCore;public class getPhoneNumberServlet extends HttpServlet {public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {String selStr;InputStream is = null;try {is = request.getInputStream();StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();byte[] b = new byte[4096];for (int n; (n = is.read(b)) != -1;) {sb.append(new String(b, 0, n));}selStr = java.net.URLDecoder.decode(sb.toString(), "UTF-8");} catch (IOException e) {e.printStackTrace();return;} finally {if (null != is) {try {is.close();} catch (IOException e) {e.printStackTrace();}}}System.out.println("selStr：" + selStr);String encryptedData = selStr.substring(selStr.lastIndexOf("encryptedData=") + 14, selStr.lastIndexOf("&iv="));System.out.println("encryptedData：" + encryptedData);String iv = selStr.substring(selStr.lastIndexOf("iv=") + 3, selStr.lastIndexOf("&code="));System.out.println("iv：" + iv);String code = selStr.substring(selStr.lastIndexOf("code=") + 5);System.out.println("code：" + code);OkHttpClient client = new OkHttpClient();Request okrequest = new Request.Builder().url("https://api.weixin.qq.com/sns/jscode2session?appid=APPID&secret=SECRET&js_code=JSCODE&grant_type=authorization_code").build();try {Response okresponse = client.newCall(okrequest).execute();String responsedata = okresponse.body().string();System.out.println("responsedata：" + responsedata);String openid = responsedata.substring(responsedata.lastIndexOf(":") + 2,responsedata.lastIndexOf("\""));String session_key = responsedata.substring(responsedata.indexOf(":") + 2,responsedata.indexOf("==") + 2);System.out.println("原始的openid：" + openid);System.out.println("原始的session_key：" + session_key);} catch (IOException e) {e.printStackTrace();}}public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {doGet(request, response);}}
3、调用WXCore类的decrypt方法，将【appId】、【iv】、【sessionKey】作为参数，对【encryptedData】进行解密，获取手机号码。
package servlet;import java.io.DataOutputStream;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.math.BigInteger;
import java.net.Socket;
import java.net.UnknownHostException;
import java.security.MessageDigest;import javax.security.sasl.SaslException;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;import okhttp3.OkHttpClient;
import okhttp3.Request;
import okhttp3.Response;
import tools.WXCore;public class getPhoneNumberServlet extends HttpServlet {public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {String selStr;InputStream is = null;try {is = request.getInputStream();StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();byte[] b = new byte[4096];for (int n; (n = is.read(b)) != -1;) {sb.append(new String(b, 0, n));}selStr = java.net.URLDecoder.decode(sb.toString(), "UTF-8");} catch (IOException e) {e.printStackTrace();return;} finally {if (null != is) {try {is.close();} catch (IOException e) {e.printStackTrace();}}}System.out.println("selStr：" + selStr);String encryptedData = selStr.substring(selStr.lastIndexOf("encryptedData=") + 14, selStr.lastIndexOf("&iv="));System.out.println("encryptedData：" + encryptedData);String iv = selStr.substring(selStr.lastIndexOf("iv=") + 3, selStr.lastIndexOf("&code="));System.out.println("iv：" + iv);String code = selStr.substring(selStr.lastIndexOf("code=") + 5);System.out.println("code：" + code);OkHttpClient client = new OkHttpClient();Request okrequest = new Request.Builder().url("https://api.weixin.qq.com/sns/jscode2session?appid=APPID&secret=SECRET&js_code=JSCODE&grant_type=authorization_code").build();try {Response okresponse = client.newCall(okrequest).execute();String responsedata = okresponse.body().string();System.out.println("responsedata：" + responsedata);String openid = responsedata.substring(responsedata.lastIndexOf(":") + 2,responsedata.lastIndexOf("\""));String session_key = responsedata.substring(responsedata.indexOf(":") + 2,responsedata.indexOf("==") + 2);System.out.println("原始的openid：" + openid);System.out.println("原始的session_key：" + session_key);String appId = "wx7xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx";WXCore wxcore = new WXCore();String phonenumber = wxcore.decrypt(appId, encryptedData, responsedata_session_key, iv);System.out.println("手机号码:" + phonenumber);response.getWriter().write(openid + "&" + phonenumber);} catch (IOException e) {e.printStackTrace();}}public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {doGet(request, response);}}
4、大功告成。
五、运行效果截图：
六、结语
以上就是微信小程序获取用户手机号码，Java后台servlet解密的流程和注意事项；微信小程序调用微信支付也基本是这样的流程，第一次写博客，写得不好的地方见谅，面向新手，大佬请无视，不喜勿喷。
如有疑问或项目开发合作，欢迎私信交流
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