Android物联网（一）—

蓝牙的基础知识我就不讲了，有兴趣可以看下我之前写的博客，现在我们要做的就是实现两个蓝牙之间的通讯，并且实现聊天功能，这里大家准备两个手机即可。

我们先按照流程走一遍，首先是验证一下设备是否支持蓝牙，一般都是支持的

if (!BtManager.getInstance().isSupport()) {Toast.makeText(this, "当前设备不支持蓝牙", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();return;
}

然后验证一下是否打开了蓝牙

BtManager.getInstance().open();

我对蓝牙的相关Api是做了一些封装的，紧接着我获取到他之前配对过的设备

Set<BluetoothDevice> mBondedList = BtManager.getInstance().getBondedDevices();
for (BluetoothDevice device : mBondedList) {addModel(device.getName(), device.getAddress());
}

这里要注意一点的是，我们需要添加权限

 <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH" /><uses-permission android:name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH_ADMIN" /><uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION"/>

ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION是后面Android6.0新需要的权限，不然搜索设备是获取不到的

    private void requestPermission() {if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.M) {if (this.checkSelfPermission(Manifest.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION) != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {requestPermissions(new String[]{Manifest.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION}, PERMISSION_REQUEST_COARSE_LOCATION);} else {startDiscovery();}} else {startDiscovery();}}private void startDiscovery() {BtManager.getInstance().startDiscovery();}

紧接着在在回调中接收结果

    @Overridepublic void onRequestPermissionsResult(int requestCode, String[] permissions, int[] grantResults) {for (int i = 0; i < permissions.length; i++) {if (permissions[i].equals(Manifest.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION)) {int result = grantResults[i];if (result == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {startDiscovery();} else {requestPermission();}}}}

如果同意了此权限就直接搜索设备了，搜索设备我们会需要用到两个广播

        mBtFoundReceiver = new BtFoundReceiver();IntentFilter filter = new IntentFilter();//搜索结果filter.addAction(BluetoothDevice.ACTION_FOUND);//搜索完成filter.addAction(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_DISCOVERY_FINISHED);registerReceiver(mBtFoundReceiver, filter);

这样我们就可以接收到他返回的列表了

    class BtFoundReceiver extends BroadcastReceiver {@Overridepublic void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {String action = intent.getAction();if (BluetoothDevice.ACTION_FOUND.equals(action)) {BluetoothDevice device = intent.getParcelableExtra(BluetoothDevice.EXTRA_DEVICE);if (device != null) {//判断是否配对过if (device.getBondState() != BluetoothDevice.BOND_BONDED) {addModel(device.getName(), device.getAddress());}}} else if (BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_DISCOVERY_FINISHED.equals(action)) {}}}

如图

所以主页的全部代码如下：

package com.liuguilin.iot_bt;import android.Manifest;
import android.bluetooth.BluetoothAdapter;
import android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice;
import android.content.BroadcastReceiver;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.content.IntentFilter;
import android.content.pm.PackageManager;
import android.os.Build;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.support.annotation.NonNull;
import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.support.v7.widget.DividerItemDecoration;
import android.support.v7.widget.LinearLayoutManager;
import android.support.v7.widget.RecyclerView;
import android.text.TextUtils;
import android.util.Log;
import android.view.Window;
import android.widget.Toast;import com.liuguilin.iot_bt.adapter.BtListAdapter;
import com.liuguilin.iot_bt.manager.BtManager;
import com.liuguilin.iot_bt.model.BtListModel;import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Set;/*** IOT系列博客 —— BT 通讯* 作者：刘桂林*/
public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {public static final String TAG = "IOT_BT";public static final int PERMISSION_REQUEST_COARSE_LOCATION = 1001;private RecyclerView mBtListRyView;private BtListAdapter mBtListAdapter;private List<BtListModel> mList = new ArrayList<>();private BtFoundReceiver mBtFoundReceiver;@Overrideprotected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);initView();}private void initView() {mBtListRyView = (RecyclerView) findViewById(R.id.mBtListRyView);mBtListRyView.setLayoutManager(new LinearLayoutManager(this));mBtListAdapter = new BtListAdapter(this, mList);mBtListRyView.setAdapter(mBtListAdapter);mBtListAdapter.setOnItemClickListener(new BtListAdapter.OnItemClickListener() {@Overridepublic void OnClick(int i) {BtManager.getInstance().cancelDiscovery();Intent intent = new Intent(MainActivity.this, ChatActivity.class);BtListModel model = mList.get(i);intent.putExtra("name", model.getName());intent.putExtra("address", model.getAddress());startActivity(intent);}});mBtFoundReceiver = new BtFoundReceiver();IntentFilter filter = new IntentFilter();//搜索结果filter.addAction(BluetoothDevice.ACTION_FOUND);//搜索完成filter.addAction(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_DISCOVERY_FINISHED);registerReceiver(mBtFoundReceiver, filter);if (!BtManager.getInstance().isSupport()) {Toast.makeText(this, "当前设备不支持蓝牙", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();return;}BtManager.getInstance().open();Set<BluetoothDevice> mBondedList = BtManager.getInstance().getBondedDevices();for (BluetoothDevice device : mBondedList) {addModel(device.getName(), device.getAddress());}requestPermission();}private void requestPermission() {if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.M) {if (this.checkSelfPermission(Manifest.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION) != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {requestPermissions(new String[]{Manifest.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION}, PERMISSION_REQUEST_COARSE_LOCATION);} else {startDiscovery();}} else {startDiscovery();}}private void startDiscovery() {BtManager.getInstance().startDiscovery();}@Overrideprotected void onDestroy() {super.onDestroy();unregisterReceiver(mBtFoundReceiver);}class BtFoundReceiver extends BroadcastReceiver {@Overridepublic void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {String action = intent.getAction();if (BluetoothDevice.ACTION_FOUND.equals(action)) {BluetoothDevice device = intent.getParcelableExtra(BluetoothDevice.EXTRA_DEVICE);if (device != null) {//判断是否配对过if (device.getBondState() != BluetoothDevice.BOND_BONDED) {addModel(device.getName(), device.getAddress());}}} else if (BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_DISCOVERY_FINISHED.equals(action)) {}}}/*** 添加数据** @param name* @param address*/private void addModel(String name, String address) {Log.e(TAG, "name:" + name + "address:" + address);if (TextUtils.isEmpty(name)) {return;}if (TextUtils.isEmpty(address)) {return;}boolean isAdd = false;for (int i = 0; i < mList.size(); i++) {if (mList.get(i).getAddress().equals(address)) {isAdd = true;}}if (isAdd) {return;}BtListModel model = new BtListModel();model.setName(name);model.setAddress(address);mList.add(model);mBtListAdapter.notifyDataSetChanged();}@Overridepublic void onRequestPermissionsResult(int requestCode, String[] permissions, int[] grantResults) {for (int i = 0; i < permissions.length; i++) {if (permissions[i].equals(Manifest.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION)) {int result = grantResults[i];if (result == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {startDiscovery();} else {requestPermission();}}}}
}

再来看下封装的蓝牙管理类

package com.liuguilin.iot_bt.manager;import android.app.Activity;
import android.bluetooth.BluetoothAdapter;
import android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice;
import android.bluetooth.BluetoothServerSocket;
import android.content.Intent;import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.Set;
import java.util.UUID;/*** FileName: BtManager* Founder: LiuGuiLin* Create Date: 2019/2/12 11:39* Email: lgl@szokl.com.cn* Profile: 蓝牙控制管理类*/
public class BtManager {private static BtManager mInstance = null;private BluetoothAdapter mBluetoothAdapter;private BtManager() {mBluetoothAdapter = BluetoothAdapter.getDefaultAdapter();}public static BtManager getInstance() {if (mInstance == null) {synchronized (BtManager.class) {if (mInstance == null) {mInstance = new BtManager();}}}return mInstance;}/*** 是否支持** @return*/public boolean isSupport() {return mBluetoothAdapter != null;}/*** 是否打开** @return*/public boolean isEnabled() {return mBluetoothAdapter.isEnabled();}/*** 开关 无提示*/public void open() {if (!isEnabled()) {mBluetoothAdapter.enable();}}/*** 开关 有提示** @param mActivity* @param requestCode*/public void open(Activity mActivity, int requestCode) {if (!isEnabled()) {Intent intent = new Intent(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_REQUEST_ENABLE);mActivity.startActivityForResult(intent, requestCode);}}/*** 获取已配对列表** @return*/public Set<BluetoothDevice> getBondedDevices() {return mBluetoothAdapter.getBondedDevices();}/*** 是否在搜索** @return*/public boolean isDiscovering() {return mBluetoothAdapter.isDiscovering();}/*** 开始搜索*/public void startDiscovery() {if (!isDiscovering()) {mBluetoothAdapter.startDiscovery();}}/*** 停止搜索*/public void cancelDiscovery() {if (isDiscovering()) {mBluetoothAdapter.cancelDiscovery();}}/*** 获取远程设备** @param address* @return*/public BluetoothDevice getRemoteDevice(String address) {return mBluetoothAdapter.getRemoteDevice(address);}/*** 获取客户端设备* @param name* @param uuid* @return*/public BluetoothServerSocket listenUsingRfcommWithServiceRecord(String name, UUID uuid) {try {return mBluetoothAdapter.listenUsingRfcommWithServiceRecord(name, uuid);} catch (IOException e) {e.printStackTrace();}return null;}
}

好了，我们重点回到如何建立连接上，我们也知道，当我们点击设备的时候会跳转ChatActivity

                Intent intent = new Intent(MainActivity.this, ChatActivity.class);BtListModel model = mList.get(i);intent.putExtra("name", model.getName());intent.putExtra("address", model.getAddress());startActivity(intent);

那ChatActivity拿到这两个参数之后会做什么呢？

首先，会创建一个AcceptThread循环读取远程端发送过来的消息

private class AcceptThread extends Thread {// 服务端接口private BluetoothServerSocket serverSocket;// 获取到客户端的接口private BluetoothSocket socket;// 获取到输入流private InputStream is;public AcceptThread() {serverSocket = BtManager.getInstance().listenUsingRfcommWithServiceRecord(NAME, MY_UUID);}@Overridepublic void run() {try {// 接收其客户端的接口socket = serverSocket.accept();// 获取到输入流is = socket.getInputStream();while (true) {// 创建一个128字节的缓冲byte[] buffer = new byte[128];// 每次读取128字节，并保存其读取的角标int count = is.read(buffer);// 创建Message类，向handler发送数据Message msg = new Message();// 发送一个String的数据，让他向上转型为obj类型msg.obj = new String(buffer, 0, count, "utf-8");// 发送数据mHandler.sendMessage(msg);}} catch (IOException e) {Log.e(MainActivity.TAG, e.toString());}}}

所以我们接收到数据，则是在这里获取到的，然后我们才申请建立连接

    /*** 建立连接** @param address*/private void connetSocket(String address) {if (selectDevice == null) {//通过地址获取到该设备selectDevice = BtManager.getInstance().getRemoteDevice(address);}try {if (clientSocket == null) {// 获取到客户端接口clientSocket = selectDevice.createRfcommSocketToServiceRecord(MY_UUID);// 向服务端发送连接clientSocket.connect();// 获取到输出流，向外写数据os = clientSocket.getOutputStream();}sendText("连接成功");} catch (IOException e) {Log.e(MainActivity.TAG, e.toString());}}

建立连接以后我们就可以发送数据了

    /*** 发送消息** @param text*/private void sendText(final String text) {if (!TextUtils.isEmpty(text)) {if (os != null) {// 以utf-8的格式发送出去try {os.write(text.getBytes("UTF-8"));mHandler.post(new Runnable() {@Overridepublic void run() {addLeft(text);}});Log.e(MainActivity.TAG, text);} catch (IOException e) {Toast.makeText(this, "消息发送失败:" + e.toString(), Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();}} else {Toast.makeText(this, "设备未连接", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();}}}

与此同时，对方的AcceptThread就会收到我们的消息然后达成互相通信的功能

如图

我们来看下ChatActivity的所有代码

package com.liuguilin.iot_bt;import android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice;
import android.bluetooth.BluetoothServerSocket;
import android.bluetooth.BluetoothSocket;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.os.Handler;
import android.os.Message;
import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.support.v7.widget.LinearLayoutManager;
import android.support.v7.widget.RecyclerView;
import android.text.TextUtils;
import android.util.Log;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.EditText;
import android.widget.Toast;import com.liuguilin.iot_bt.adapter.ChatListAdapter;
import com.liuguilin.iot_bt.manager.BtManager;
import com.liuguilin.iot_bt.model.ChatListModel;import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.UUID;/*** FileName: ChatActivity* Founder: LiuGuiLin* Create Date: 2019/2/12 15:52* Email: lgl@szokl.com.cn* Profile:聊天*/
public class ChatActivity extends AppCompatActivity implements View.OnClickListener {private RecyclerView mChatRyView;private EditText et_text;private Button btn_send;private ChatListAdapter mChatListAdapter;private List<ChatListModel> mList = new ArrayList<>();// UUID，蓝牙建立链接需要的private final UUID MY_UUID = UUID.fromString("db764ac8-4b08-7f25-aafe-59d03c27bae3");// 为其链接创建一个名称private final String NAME = "Bluetooth_Socket";// 选中发送数据的蓝牙设备，全局变量，否则连接在方法执行完就结束了private BluetoothDevice selectDevice;// 获取到选中设备的客户端串口，全局变量，否则连接在方法执行完就结束了private BluetoothSocket clientSocket;// 获取到向设备写的输出流，全局变量，否则连接在方法执行完就结束了private OutputStream os;// 服务端利用线程不断接受客户端信息private AcceptThread thread;private Handler mHandler = new Handler(new Handler.Callback() {@Overridepublic boolean handleMessage(Message msg) {String text = (String) msg.obj;Log.e(MainActivity.TAG, "text:" + text);addRight(text);Toast.makeText(ChatActivity.this, text, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();return false;}});@Overrideprotected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);setContentView(R.layout.activity_chat);initView();}private void initView() {mChatRyView = (RecyclerView) findViewById(R.id.mChatRyView);et_text = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.et_text);btn_send = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btn_send);btn_send.setOnClickListener(this);mChatRyView.setLayoutManager(new LinearLayoutManager(this));mChatListAdapter = new ChatListAdapter(this, mList);mChatRyView.setAdapter(mChatListAdapter);Intent intent = getIntent();String name = intent.getStringExtra("name");final String address = intent.getStringExtra("address");getSupportActionBar().setTitle(name);thread = new AcceptThread();thread.start();new Thread(new Runnable() {@Overridepublic void run() {connetSocket(address);}}).start();}/*** 建立连接** @param address*/private void connetSocket(String address) {if (selectDevice == null) {//通过地址获取到该设备selectDevice = BtManager.getInstance().getRemoteDevice(address);}try {if (clientSocket == null) {// 获取到客户端接口clientSocket = selectDevice.createRfcommSocketToServiceRecord(MY_UUID);// 向服务端发送连接clientSocket.connect();// 获取到输出流，向外写数据os = clientSocket.getOutputStream();}sendText("连接成功");} catch (IOException e) {Log.e(MainActivity.TAG, e.toString());}}/*** 发送消息** @param text*/private void sendText(final String text) {if (!TextUtils.isEmpty(text)) {if (os != null) {// 以utf-8的格式发送出去try {os.write(text.getBytes("UTF-8"));mHandler.post(new Runnable() {@Overridepublic void run() {addLeft(text);}});Log.e(MainActivity.TAG, text);} catch (IOException e) {Toast.makeText(this, "消息发送失败:" + e.toString(), Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();}} else {Toast.makeText(this, "设备未连接", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();}}}@Overridepublic void onClick(View v) {switch (v.getId()) {case R.id.btn_send:String text = et_text.getText().toString().trim();sendText(text);et_text.setText("");break;}}private class AcceptThread extends Thread {// 服务端接口private BluetoothServerSocket serverSocket;// 获取到客户端的接口private BluetoothSocket socket;// 获取到输入流private InputStream is;public AcceptThread() {serverSocket = BtManager.getInstance().listenUsingRfcommWithServiceRecord(NAME, MY_UUID);}@Overridepublic void run() {try {// 接收其客户端的接口socket = serverSocket.accept();// 获取到输入流is = socket.getInputStream();while (true) {// 创建一个128字节的缓冲byte[] buffer = new byte[128];// 每次读取128字节，并保存其读取的角标int count = is.read(buffer);// 创建Message类，向handler发送数据Message msg = new Message();// 发送一个String的数据，让他向上转型为obj类型msg.obj = new String(buffer, 0, count, "utf-8");// 发送数据mHandler.sendMessage(msg);}} catch (IOException e) {Log.e(MainActivity.TAG, e.toString());}}}private void addLeft(String text) {ChatListModel model = new ChatListModel();model.setType(ChatListAdapter.LEFT_TEXT);model.setLeftText(text);mList.add(model);mChatListAdapter.notifyDataSetChanged();}private void addRight(String text) {ChatListModel model = new ChatListModel();model.setType(ChatListAdapter.RIGHT_TEXT);model.setRightText(text);mList.add(model);mChatListAdapter.notifyDataSetChanged();}
}

这个只是一个简单的实现Demo，有兴趣的自己去钻研一下

点击下载

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