su root

nano /etc/apt/sources.list修改内容如下：
deb http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/debian/ stretch main non-free contrib
deb-src http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/debian/ stretch main non-free contrib

deb http://security.debian.org/debian-security stretch/updates main contrib non$
deb-src http://security.debian.org/debian-security stretch/updates main contrib$

deb http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/debian/ stretch-backports main non-free contrib
deb-src http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/debian/ stretch-backports main non-free cont$

# stretch-updates, previously known as 'volatile'
deb http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/debian/ stretch-updates main contrib non-free
deb-src http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/debian/ stretch-updates main contrib non-free

apt install sudo

nano /etc/sudoers修改内容如下：
# User privilege specification
root        ALL=(ALL:ALL) ALL
kylin　　ALL=(ALL:ALL) ALL

echo "deb https://repo.debiancn.org/ stretch main" | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/debiancn.list;
wget https://repo.debiancn.org/pool/main/d/debiancn-keyring/debiancn-keyring_0~20161212_all.deb -O /tmp/debiancn-keyring.deb;
sudo apt install /tmp/debiancn-keyring.deb;
sudo apt update;
rm /tmp/debiancn-keyring.deb;
使用 stretch 及以下版本，需安装 apt-transport-https,命令如下：
sudo apt update;
sudo apt install apt-transport-https;

sudo apt install fcitx fcitx-tools fcitx-config* fcitx-frontend* fcitx-module* fcitx-ui-* presage
sudo apt install sogoupinyin

Github：https://github.com/dgod/yong下载地址：http://yongim.ys168.com/

Dukto R6官网：http://www.msec.it/blog/?page_id=11

sudo apt install iptux

sudo apt install netease-cloud-music

ieaseMusic github：https://github.com/trazyn/ieaseMusic

sudo apt install google-chrome-stable

electron-ssr ：https://github.com/erguotou520/electron-ssr
ss-qt5：sudo apt install shadowsocks-qt5

brook：https://github.com/txthinking/brook/releases

goflyway：https://github.com/coyove/goflyway/releases

electronic-wechat

sudo apt install electronic-wechat

weweChat

官网：https://ulauncher.io/
Github：https://github.com/Ulauncher/Ulauncher/

sudo apt install code

安装Elixir
sudo apt-get install elixir

查看jdk旧版本优先级
sudo update-alternatives --display javac

配置java环境变量sudo gedit /etc/profile#Java环境变量export JAVA_HOME=/opt/jdk1.8.0_181export JRE_HOME=${JAVA_HOME}/jreexport CLASSPATH=.:${JAVA_HOME}/lib:${JRE_HOME}/lib export PATH=${JAVA_HOME}/bin:$PATH

应用新的环境变量source /etc/profile

解压新jdk版本至/usr/local/lib下，使用update-alternatives配置
sudo update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/java java /usr/local/lib/jdk1.8.0_151/bin/java 100
sudo update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/javac javac /usr/local/lib/jdk1.8.0_151/bin/javac 100选择默认的JDK版本
sudo update-alternatives --config java
选择新版本的编号验证检查
sudo update-alternatives --display javac java -version

解压maven至/usr/local/lib下
sudo mv apache-maven-3.5.2 /usr/local/lib
配置maven环境变量
sudo gedit /etc/profile
#Maven环境变量
export MAVEN_HOME=/usr/local/lib/apache-maven-3.5.2
export PATH=${PATH}:${MAVEN_HOME}/bin

应用新的环境变量source /etc/profile

检查验证mvn -version

切换到maven安装目录
cd /usr/local/lib/apache-maven-3.5.2编辑settings.xml 文件
sudo gedit conf/settings.xml配置maven的本地仓库
<localRepository>/home/kylin/文档/MAVEN/repo</localRepository>配置maven的镜像仓库
<mirrors><id>nexus-aliyun</id><mirrorOf>*</mirrorOf><name>Nexus aliyun</name><url>http://maven.aliyun.com/nexus/content/groups/public/</url>
</mirrors>

解压tomcat至/usr/local/lib下
sudo mv apache-tomcat-9.0.1 /usr/local/lib配置tomcat环境变量
sudo gedit /etc/profile#Tomcat环境变量
export CATALINA_BASE=/usr/local/lib/apache-tomcat-9.0.1
export CATALINA_HOME=//usr/local/lib/apache-tomcat-9.0.1
export TOMCAT_HOME=/usr/local/lib/apache-tomcat-9.0.1应用新修改的环境变量
source  /etc/profile

切换到tomcat安装目录
cd /usr/local/lib/apache-tomcat-9.0.1配置用户名密码
sudo gedit conf/tomcat-users.xml<role rolename="tomcat"/>
<role rolename="role1"/>
<user username="tomcat" password="tomcat" roles="tomcat"/>
<user username="both" password="tomcat" roles="tomcat,role1"/>
<user username="role1" password="tomcat" roles="role1"/><user username="admin" password="admin" roles="manager"/>

解压eclipse至/usr/local/bin下
sudo mv eclipse /usr/local/bin创建eclipse桌面快捷方式
sudo gedit /usr/share/applications/eclipse.desktop[Desktop Entry]
Version=1.0
Encoding=UTF-8
Name=eclipse Comment=Eclipse IDE Exec=/usr/local/bin/eclipse/eclipse Icon=/usr/local/bin/eclipse/icon.xpm Terminal=false StartupNotify=true Type=Application Categories=Application;Development;

打开终端然后输入：
dpkg --print-architecture;
输出:
amd64
则说明已经拥有了64位架构内核打开多架构支持：
sudo dpkg --add-architecture i386;
sudo apt update;确认打开多架构支持：
dpkg --print-foreign-architectures
输出：
i386

sudo apt install anydesk

sudo apt install winetricks-zh

1    替换/usr/share/images/desktop-base/desktop-grub.png
2    update-grub

sudo apt install lshw-gtk

sudo apt install packagesearch

sudo apt install synaptic

sudo apt install evince

sudo apt install pdfmod

sudo apt install gnome-logs

sudo apt install ghex

sudo apt install meld

sudo apt install anjuta

sudo apt install gnome-multi-writer

https://pkgs.org/

下载地址：https://forum.unity.com/threads/unity-on-linux-release-notes-and-known-issues.350256/

提供两个 Hosts 的更新源：https://github.com/googlehosts/hosts

https://raw.githubusercontent.com/vokins/yhosts/master/hosts

https://doub.io/sszhfx/

https://www.hinmeng.com/free-ssr.html

另外介绍两个命令，和desktop图标有关的desktop-file-install 安装图标图标到Application目录desktop-file-validate 验证你的桌面图标文件的正确性比如我下的命令可以把我桌面上已经安装好了的eclipse图标添加到开始菜单里desktop-file-install --add-category Development eclipse.desktop