Android TextView设置部分文字的颜色字体和大小

一，通过Html实现

1，例如实现如下效果

2，为一段文字中某些字单独设置字体大小

3，设置字体

二，通过Span

一，通过Html实现

1，例如实现如下效果

1.1，为一段文字中某些字单独设置一种颜色

通过Html.fromHtml(String source)方法实现

String str1 = "微信扫码<font color = '#FFB400'>关注公众号</font>，立即开始";
textView.setText(Html.fromHtml(str1));

注意：fromHtml(String source)在PI Level 24以上已废弃，API Level 24或以上的设备则使用2个参数的方法即可。fromHtml(String source, int flags)

 String str1 = "微信扫码<font color = '#FFB400'>关注公众号</font>，立即开始";CharSequence charSequence;
if (android.os.Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= android.os.Build.VERSION_CODES.N) {charSequence = Html.fromHtml(str1, Html.FROM_HTML_MODE_LEGACY);
} else {charSequence = Html.fromHtml(str1);
}
textView.setText(charSequence);

flags可选参数:

public static final int FROM_HTML_MODE_COMPACT = 63;
public static final int FROM_HTML_MODE_LEGACY = 0;
public static final int FROM_HTML_OPTION_USE_CSS_COLORS = 256;
public static final int FROM_HTML_SEPARATOR_LINE_BREAK_BLOCKQUOTE = 32;
public static final int FROM_HTML_SEPARATOR_LINE_BREAK_DIV = 16;
public static final int FROM_HTML_SEPARATOR_LINE_BREAK_HEADING = 2;
public static final int FROM_HTML_SEPARATOR_LINE_BREAK_LIST = 8;
public static final int FROM_HTML_SEPARATOR_LINE_BREAK_LIST_ITEM = 4;
public static final int FROM_HTML_SEPARATOR_LINE_BREAK_PARAGRAPH = 1;
public static final int TO_HTML_PARAGRAPH_LINES_CONSECUTIVE = 0;
public static final int TO_HTML_PARAGRAPH_LINES_INDIVIDUAL = 1;

1.2，为一段文字中某些字单独设置多种颜色

效果图

TextView tv = findViewById(R.id.tv);
String text1 = "<font color = '#FF0000'>床前明月光，</font><br>";
String text2 = "<font color='#00FF00'>疑是地上霜。</font><br>";
String text3 = "<font color=\"#FF00FF\">举头望明月，</font><br>";
String text4 = "<font color=\"#0000FF\">低头思故乡。</font><br>";CharSequence charSequence;
if (android.os.Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= android.os.Build.VERSION_CODES.N) {charSequence = Html.fromHtml(text1 + text2 + text3 + text4, Html.FROM_HTML_MODE_LEGACY);
} else {charSequence = Html.fromHtml(text1 + text2 + text3 + text4);
}tv.setText(charSequence);

2，为一段文字中某些字单独设置字体大小

2.1，下面是在xml中设置了android:textSize="30sp"属性，然后java代码中设置了<big>和<small>

        TextView tv = findViewById(R.id.tv);String text1 = "<font color = '#FF0000'><big>床前明月光，</big></font><br>";String text2 = "<font color='#00FF00'><small>疑是地上霜。</small></font><br>";String text3 = "<font color=\"#FF00FF\">举头望明月，</font><br>";String text4 = "<font color=\"#0000FF\">低头思故乡。</font><br>";CharSequence charSequence;if (android.os.Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= android.os.Build.VERSION_CODES.N) {charSequence = Html.fromHtml(text1 + text2 + text3 + text4, Html.FROM_HTML_MODE_LEGACY);} else {charSequence = Html.fromHtml(text1 + text2 + text3 + text4);}tv.setText(charSequence);

注意：<big>和<small>标签，设置的大小都是在android:textSize="30sp"这个基础上进行放大缩小的；

2.2，自定义Html.TagHandler设置字体大小

要实现的效果如下：

由于Android对html标签支持不是太好，在将font标签中的size进行赋值后发现大小的设置并没有生效，随后我查看了源码，发现源码中并没有解析size属性，源码如下：

private void startFont(Editable text, Attributes attributes) {String color = attributes.getValue("", "color");String face = attributes.getValue("", "face");if (!TextUtils.isEmpty(color)) {int c = getHtmlColor(color);if (c != -1) {start(text, new Foreground(c | 0xFF000000));}}if (!TextUtils.isEmpty(face)) {start(text, new Font(face));}
}

所以如果需要支持size属性，需要自定义Html.TagHandler

TextView tv = findViewById(R.id.tv);String str = "床前明月光";String str1 = "疑是地上霜。";String text = "<b><myfont size='80px' color='#FF0000'>" + str + "</myfont><br>"+ "<myfont color='" + "#00FF00" + "', size='" + "40px" + "'>" + str1 + "</myfont>";CharSequence charSequence;if (android.os.Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= android.os.Build.VERSION_CODES.N) {charSequence = Html.fromHtml(text, Html.FROM_HTML_MODE_LEGACY,null,new HtmlTagHandler("myfont"));} else {charSequence = Html.fromHtml(text, null, new HtmlTagHandler("myfont"));}tv.setText(charSequence);

自定义Html.TagHandler

import android.graphics.Color;
import android.text.Editable;
import android.text.Html;
import android.text.Spanned;
import android.text.TextUtils;
import android.text.style.AbsoluteSizeSpan;
import android.text.style.ForegroundColorSpan;import org.xml.sax.XMLReader;import java.lang.reflect.Field;
import java.util.HashMap;public class HtmlTagHandler implements Html.TagHandler {private String tagName;private int startIndex = 0;private int endIndex = 0;final HashMap<String, String> attributes = new HashMap<>();public HtmlTagHandler(String tagName) {this.tagName = tagName;}@Overridepublic void handleTag(boolean opening, String tag, Editable output, XMLReader xmlReader) {// 判断是否是当前需要的tagif (tag.equalsIgnoreCase(tagName)) {// 解析所有属性值parseAttributes(xmlReader);if (opening) {startHandleTag(tag, output, xmlReader);} else {endEndHandleTag(tag, output, xmlReader);}}}public void startHandleTag(String tag, Editable output, XMLReader xmlReader) {startIndex = output.length();}public void endEndHandleTag(String tag, Editable output, XMLReader xmlReader) {endIndex = output.length();// 获取属性值String color = attributes.get("color");String size = attributes.get("size");size = size.split("px")[0];// 设置字体大小if (!TextUtils.isEmpty(size)) {output.setSpan(new AbsoluteSizeSpan(Integer.parseInt(size)), startIndex, endIndex,Spanned.SPAN_EXCLUSIVE_EXCLUSIVE);}// 设置颜色if (!TextUtils.isEmpty(color)) {output.setSpan(new ForegroundColorSpan(Color.parseColor(color)), startIndex, endIndex,Spanned.SPAN_EXCLUSIVE_EXCLUSIVE);}}/*** 解析所有属性值** @param xmlReader*/private void parseAttributes(final XMLReader xmlReader) {try {Field elementField = xmlReader.getClass().getDeclaredField("theNewElement");elementField.setAccessible(true);Object element = elementField.get(xmlReader);Field attsField = element.getClass().getDeclaredField("theAtts");attsField.setAccessible(true);Object atts = attsField.get(element);Field dataField = atts.getClass().getDeclaredField("data");dataField.setAccessible(true);String[] data = (String[]) dataField.get(atts);Field lengthField = atts.getClass().getDeclaredField("length");lengthField.setAccessible(true);int len = (Integer) lengthField.get(atts);for (int i = 0; i < len; i++) {attributes.put(data[i * 5 + 1], data[i * 5 + 4]);}} catch (Exception e) {}}
}

注意：<b>标签，如果没有加第一个<myfont>标签会不生效；<b>的位置可以是任何标签都可以；

Html.fromHtml()这个到底支持什么，可以看看Html中如下

private void handleStartTag(String tag, Attributes attributes) {if (tag.equalsIgnoreCase("br")) {// We don't need to handle this. TagSoup will ensure that there's a </br> for each <br>// so we can safely emit the linebreaks when we handle the close tag.} else if (tag.equalsIgnoreCase("p")) {startBlockElement(mSpannableStringBuilder, attributes, getMarginParagraph());startCssStyle(mSpannableStringBuilder, attributes);} else if (tag.equalsIgnoreCase("ul")) {startBlockElement(mSpannableStringBuilder, attributes, getMarginList());} else if (tag.equalsIgnoreCase("li")) {startLi(mSpannableStringBuilder, attributes);} else if (tag.equalsIgnoreCase("div")) {startBlockElement(mSpannableStringBuilder, attributes, getMarginDiv());} else if (tag.equalsIgnoreCase("span")) {startCssStyle(mSpannableStringBuilder, attributes);} else if (tag.equalsIgnoreCase("strong")) {start(mSpannableStringBuilder, new Bold());} else if (tag.equalsIgnoreCase("b")) {start(mSpannableStringBuilder, new Bold());} else if (tag.equalsIgnoreCase("em")) {start(mSpannableStringBuilder, new Italic());} else if (tag.equalsIgnoreCase("cite")) {start(mSpannableStringBuilder, new Italic());} else if (tag.equalsIgnoreCase("dfn")) {start(mSpannableStringBuilder, new Italic());} else if (tag.equalsIgnoreCase("i")) {start(mSpannableStringBuilder, new Italic());} else if (tag.equalsIgnoreCase("big")) {start(mSpannableStringBuilder, new Big());} else if (tag.equalsIgnoreCase("small")) {start(mSpannableStringBuilder, new Small());} else if (tag.equalsIgnoreCase("font")) {startFont(mSpannableStringBuilder, attributes);} else if (tag.equalsIgnoreCase("blockquote")) {startBlockquote(mSpannableStringBuilder, attributes);} else if (tag.equalsIgnoreCase("tt")) {start(mSpannableStringBuilder, new Monospace());} else if (tag.equalsIgnoreCase("a")) {startA(mSpannableStringBuilder, attributes);} else if (tag.equalsIgnoreCase("u")) {start(mSpannableStringBuilder, new Underline());} else if (tag.equalsIgnoreCase("del")) {start(mSpannableStringBuilder, new Strikethrough());} else if (tag.equalsIgnoreCase("s")) {start(mSpannableStringBuilder, new Strikethrough());} else if (tag.equalsIgnoreCase("strike")) {start(mSpannableStringBuilder, new Strikethrough());} else if (tag.equalsIgnoreCase("sup")) {start(mSpannableStringBuilder, new Super());} else if (tag.equalsIgnoreCase("sub")) {start(mSpannableStringBuilder, new Sub());} else if (tag.length() == 2 &&Character.toLowerCase(tag.charAt(0)) == 'h' &&tag.charAt(1) >= '1' && tag.charAt(1) <= '6') {startHeading(mSpannableStringBuilder, attributes, tag.charAt(1) - '1');} else if (tag.equalsIgnoreCase("img")) {startImg(mSpannableStringBuilder, attributes, mImageGetter);} else if (mTagHandler != null) {mTagHandler.handleTag(true, tag, mSpannableStringBuilder, mReader);}}

br	换行符
p	定义段落
div	定义文档中的分区或节
strong	用于强调文本	用于强调文本
b	粗体文本	粗体文本
em	斜体显示	斜体显示
cite	斜体显示	斜体显示
dfn	斜体显示	斜体显示
i	斜体显示	斜体显示
big	大号字体
small	小号字体
font	字体标签
blockquote	标签定义块引用
tt	字体显示为等宽字体
a	超链接	百度
u	下划线	下划线
sup	上标
sub	下标
h1-h6	标题字体	这是标题 1 这是标题 2 这是标题 3 4-6没办法显示，这里就给出显示效果了
img	图片

3，设置字体

要设置字体，首先要拿到这个字体库；

AssetManager mgr = getAssets();//得到AssetManager
Typeface tf = Typeface.createFromAsset(mgr, "fonts/comicSans.ttf");//根据路径得到Typeface
tv.setTypeface(tf);//设置字体

二，通过Span

TextView中有个setText(CharSequence text)方法，传参是CharSequence类型的；这个参数的子类中，有SpannableString和SpannableStringBuilder，有个共同的setSpan方法;里面就可以传入各种Span；这样就可以实现设置颜色，大小，下划线等功能；方式一中的Html内也是通过SpannableStringBuilder实现颜色，大小，加粗，下划线等功能；

2.1，设置字体颜色

SpannableString spanString = new SpannableString("床前明月光");
//构造一个改变字体颜色的Span
ForegroundColorSpan span = new ForegroundColorSpan(Color.YELLOW);
//将这个Span应用于指定范围的字体
spanString.setSpan(span, 1, 3, Spannable.SPAN_EXCLUSIVE_INCLUSIVE);
//设置给TextView显示出来
tv.setText(spanString);

2.2，关于setSpan(Object what, int start, int end, int flags) 中的参数解释

object what ：对应的各种Span；

int start：表示需要设置格式的子字符串的起始索引，索引从0开始

int end：子字符串的结束索引，特效并不包括这个位置。比如如果这里数为2（即第3个字符），第3个字符不会有任何特效。

int flags：取值有如下四个

Spannable.SPAN_EXCLUSIVE_EXCLUSIVE：前后都不包括，即在指定范围的前面和后面插入新字符都不会应用新样式
Spannable.SPAN_EXCLUSIVE_INCLUSIVE：前面不包括，后面包括。即仅在范围字符的后面插入新字符时会应用新样式
Spannable.SPAN_INCLUSIVE_EXCLUSIVE：前面包括，后面不包括。
Spannable.SPAN_INCLUSIVE_INCLUSIVE：前后都包括。

2.3，各个Span

先来看看各种Span之间的继承关系，从图可以看出所有Span都集成了CharacterStyle这个抽象类；

AbsoluteSizeSpan :绝对尺寸范围，里面设置的参数为物理像素值；