今天是2017-05-03，这里记录一些python的基础使用方法。世上存在着不能流泪的悲哀，这种悲哀无法向人解释，即使解释人家也不会理解。它永远一成不变，如无风夜晚的雪花静静沉积在心底。

Python的基础学习

一、python中函数作为参数

importmathdefadd(x, y, f):return f(x) +f(y)print(add(25, 9, math.sqrt)) #8.0

二、python引用自定义模块

在同目录下面定义两个文件huhx.py和huhx5.py。其中huhx.py作为一个模块供huhx5.py使用。

huhx.py文件内容如下：

#defined a module

username = "Linux"

defsayMyName():print("My name is", username)

huhx5.py文件内容如下：

importhuhx

huhx.sayMyName();

打印效果如下：

三、python文件的读写

#文件的写，这一般用于写比较短的字符

with open('../file/huhx.xml', 'w', encoding='utf-8') as f:

f.write('您好, huhx!')#文件的读，这一般用于读取比较短的字符

with open('../file/huhx.xml', 'r', encoding='utf-8') as f:print(f.read())

四、python中stmtp简单发送邮箱

importsmtplibfrom email.header importHeaderfrom email.mime.text importMIMETextfrom email.utils importparseaddr, formataddrdef_format_addr(s):

name, addr=parseaddr(s)return formataddr((Header(name, 'utf-8').encode(), addr))

from_addr= '****'password= '*****'to_addr= '******'smtp_server= 'smtpcom.263xmail.com'msg= MIMEText('hello, my name is huhx.', 'plain', 'utf-8')

msg['From'] = _format_addr('huhx ' %from_addr)

msg['To'] = _format_addr('linux ' %to_addr)

msg['Subject'] = Header('subject info', 'utf-8').encode()

server= smtplib.SMTP(smtp_server, 465)

server.set_debuglevel(1)

server.login(from_addr, password)

server.sendmail(from_addr, [to_addr], msg.as_string())

server.quit()

如果发送的是html邮件，则将上述的msg改为如下：

msg = MIMEText('

Hello

' +

'

send by Python...

' +

'', 'html', 'utf-8')

如果需要发送附件：

importsmtplibfrom email importencodersfrom email.header importHeaderfrom email.mime.base importMIMEBasefrom email.mime.multipart importMIMEMultipartfrom email.mime.text importMIMETextfrom email.utils importparseaddr, formataddrdef_format_addr(s):

name, addr=parseaddr(s)return formataddr((Header(name, 'utf-8').encode(), addr))

from_addr= '****'password= '*****'to_addr= '***@qq.com'smtp_server= 'smtpcom.263xmail.com'

#邮件对象:

msg =MIMEMultipart()

msg['From'] = _format_addr('hello ' %from_addr)

msg['To'] = _format_addr('huhx ' %to_addr)

msg['Subject'] = Header('subject info', 'utf-8').encode()#邮件正文是MIMEText:

msg.attach(MIMEText('send with file...', 'plain', 'utf-8'))#添加附件就是加上一个MIMEBase，从本地读取一个图片:

with open('huhx.png', 'rb') as f:#设置附件的MIME和文件名，这里是png类型:

mime = MIMEBase('image', 'png', filename='test.png')#加上必要的头信息:

mime.add_header('Content-Disposition', 'attachment', filename='test.png')

mime.add_header('Content-ID', '<0>')

mime.add_header('X-Attachment-Id', '0')#把附件的内容读进来:

mime.set_payload(f.read())#用Base64编码:

encoders.encode_base64(mime)#添加到MIMEMultipart:

msg.attach(mime)

server= smtplib.SMTP(smtp_server, 465)

server.set_debuglevel(1)

server.login(from_addr, password)

server.sendmail(from_addr, [to_addr], msg.as_string())

server.quit()

五、python中简单的html解析

from html.parser importHTMLParserclassMyHTMLParser(HTMLParser):defhandle_starttag(self, tag, attrs):print("Encountered a start tag:", tag)defhandle_endtag(self, tag):print("Encountered an end tag :", tag)defhandle_data(self, data):print("Encountered some data :", data)

parser=MyHTMLParser()

parser.feed('

Test'

'

Parse me!

')

运行的结果如下

Encountered a start tag: html

Encountered a start tag: head

Encountered a start tag: title

Encountered some data : Test

Encountered an end tag : title

Encountered an end tag : head

Encountered a start tag: body

Encountered a start tag: h1

Encountered some data : Parse me!Encountered an end tag : h1

Encountered an end tag : body

Encountered an end tag : html

六、python的文件解压缩

importtarfiledeftarFile(

tar= tarfile.open("sample.tar", "w")):for name in ["all_url.csv", "download_url.csv", "update.csv"]:

tar.add(name)

tar.close()defuntarFile():

tar= tarfile.open("sample.tar", "r:tar")for tarinfo intar:print(tarinfo.name, 'is', tarinfo.size)if __name__ == '__main__':

tarFile()

untarFile()

运行的结果如下：

all_url.csv is 515700download_url.csvis 6599update.csvis 86

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