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2011年4月15日 23:11 (星期五)

在google的sdk包里边, 有许多的实例, 稍加修改就可以运行了. 应该都还不错, 我是从snake开始入门的, 下面把代码贴上来吧, 若有不对或疑问,欢迎留贴.

1.snake.java

/** Copyright (C) 2007 The Android Open Source Project** Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");* you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.* You may obtain a copy of the License at**      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0** Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software* distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,* WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.* See the License for the specific language governing permissions and* limitations under the License.*/package com.taln;import android.app.Activity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.widget.TextView;public class Snake extends Activity {private SnakeView mSnakeView;     private static String ICICLE_KEY = "snake-view";/***第一次创建时调用onCreate方法* */@Overridepublic void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);//layout相当于很多view的container,设置游戏的视图布局setContentView(R.layout.snake_layout);//在layout中找到自己的视图.这一个是自己写的视图,非android自带的,同样需要加进布局文件中mSnakeView = (SnakeView) findViewById(R.id.snake);       mSnakeView.setTextView((TextView) findViewById(R.id.text));//主要是为了设置暂停.暂停后需要回复到之前的状态. bundle-绑定,一个map类型的对象if (savedInstanceState == null) {// 相当于一个新的游戏的开始mSnakeView.setMode(SnakeView.READY);} else {//暂停后的恢复Bundle map = savedInstanceState.getBundle(ICICLE_KEY);if (map != null) {mSnakeView.restoreState(map);} else {mSnakeView.setMode(SnakeView.PAUSE);}}}@Overrideprotected void onPause() {super.onPause();// Pause the game along with the activitymSnakeView.setMode(SnakeView.PAUSE);}@Overridepublic void onSaveInstanceState(Bundle outState) {//保存游戏状态outState.putBundle(ICICLE_KEY, mSnakeView.saveState());}
}

2.SnakeView.java

* Copyright (C) 2007 The Android Open Source Projectpackage com.taln;import java.util.ArrayList;/***游戏中蛇的实现*/
public class SnakeView extends TileView {private static final String TAG = "SnakeView";/*** Current mode of application: READY to run, RUNNING, or you have already* lost. static final ints are used instead of an enum for performance* reasons* 定义不同的游戏状态,初始mMode为Ready*/private int mMode = READY;public static final int PAUSE = 0;public static final int READY = 1;public static final int RUNNING = 2;public static final int LOSE = 3;/*** Current direction the snake is headed.* 定义snake的方向,初始话为north.*/private int mDirection = NORTH;private int mNextDirection = NORTH;private static final int NORTH = 1;private static final int SOUTH = 2;private static final int EAST = 3;private static final int WEST = 4;/*** Labels for the drawables that will be loaded into the TileView class* 定义三种不同的tile*/private static final int RED_STAR = 1;private static final int YELLOW_STAR = 2;private static final int GREEN_STAR = 3;/*** mScore: used to track the number of apples captured mMoveDelay: number of* milliseconds between snake movements. This will decrease as apples are* captured.*/private long mScore = 0;private long mMoveDelay = 600;//初始化delay为600 , 后边还可以修改/*** mLastMove: tracks the absolute time when the snake last moved, and is used* to determine if a move should be made based on mMoveDelay.*/private long mLastMove;//上次移动的时间, 用于判断delay的时间到了没./*** mStatusText: text shows to the user in some run states* 不同状态,提示玩家不同的信息*/private TextView mStatusText;/*** mSnakeTrail: a list of Coordinates that make up the snake's body* mAppleList: the secret location of the juicy apples the snake craves.* mSnakeTrail是贪吃蛇的列表,随着游戏,慢慢增大* mAppleList是apple(蛇的食物)的列表, 有两个*/private ArrayList<Coordinate> mSnakeTrail = new ArrayList<Coordinate>();private ArrayList<Coordinate> mAppleList = new ArrayList<Coordinate>();/*** Everyone needs a little randomness in their life* 用于产生随机的apple*/private static final Random RNG = new Random();/*** Create a simple handler that we can use to cause animation to happen.  We* set ourselves as a target and we can use the sleep()* function to cause an update/invalidate to occur at a later date.*/private RefreshHandler mRedrawHandler = new RefreshHandler();class RefreshHandler extends Handler {
//当收到message时,调用update,然后调用invalidate()用于重新画画面.@Overridepublic void handleMessage(Message msg) {SnakeView.this.update();SnakeView.this.invalidate();}
//调用sleep后,在一定时间后sendmessagepublic void sleep(long delayMillis) {this.removeMessages(0);sendMessageDelayed(obtainMessage(0), delayMillis);}};/*** Constructs a SnakeView based on inflation from XML* * @param context* @param attrs*/public SnakeView(Context context, AttributeSet attrs) {super(context, attrs);initSnakeView();}public SnakeView(Context context, AttributeSet attrs, int defStyle) {super(context, attrs, defStyle);initSnakeView();}private void initSnakeView() {//添加焦点setFocusable(true);Resources r = this.getContext().getResources();//添加几种不同的tile, 应该是3的,不知道源码写成4有什么意思resetTiles(4);//加载图片loadTile(RED_STAR, r.getDrawable(R.drawable.redstar));loadTile(YELLOW_STAR, r.getDrawable(R.drawable.yellowstar));loadTile(GREEN_STAR, r.getDrawable(R.drawable.greenstar));       }private void initNewGame() {mSnakeTrail.clear();mAppleList.clear();// For now we're just going to load up a short default eastbound snake// that's just turned north//snake初始状态时的个数和位置,方向mSnakeTrail.add(new Coordinate(7, 7));mSnakeTrail.add(new Coordinate(6, 7));mSnakeTrail.add(new Coordinate(5, 7));mSnakeTrail.add(new Coordinate(4, 7));mSnakeTrail.add(new Coordinate(3, 7));mSnakeTrail.add(new Coordinate(2, 7));mNextDirection = NORTH;// 添加两个随机的appleaddRandomApple();addRandomApple();//设置延迟时间mMoveDelay = 600;mScore = 0;}/*** Given a ArrayList of coordinates, we need to flatten them into an array of* ints before we can stuff them into a map for flattening and storage.* * @param cvec : a ArrayList of Coordinate objects* @return : a simple array containing the x/y values of the coordinates* as [x1,y1,x2,y2,x3,y3...]*/private int[] coordArrayListToArray(ArrayList<Coordinate> cvec) {int count = cvec.size();int[] rawArray = new int[count * 2];for (int index = 0; index < count; index++) {Coordinate c = cvec.get(index);rawArray[2 * index] = c.x;rawArray[2 * index + 1] = c.y;}return rawArray;}/***将当前影响游戏的所有状态全部保存* @return a Bundle with this view's state*/public Bundle saveState() {Bundle map = new Bundle();map.putIntArray("mAppleList", coordArrayListToArray(mAppleList));map.putInt("mDirection", Integer.valueOf(mDirection));map.putInt("mNextDirection", Integer.valueOf(mNextDirection));map.putLong("mMoveDelay", Long.valueOf(mMoveDelay));map.putLong("mScore", Long.valueOf(mScore));map.putIntArray("mSnakeTrail", coordArrayListToArray(mSnakeTrail));return map;}/*** Given a flattened array of ordinate pairs, we reconstitute them into a* ArrayList of Coordinate objects* * @param rawArray : [x1,y1,x2,y2,...]* @return a ArrayList of Coordinates*/private ArrayList<Coordinate> coordArrayToArrayList(int[] rawArray) {ArrayList<Coordinate> coordArrayList = new ArrayList<Coordinate>();int coordCount = rawArray.length;for (int index = 0; index < coordCount; index += 2) {Coordinate c = new Coordinate(rawArray[index], rawArray[index + 1]);coordArrayList.add(c);}return coordArrayList;}/*** Restore game state if our process is being relaunched* * @param icicle a Bundle containing the game state*/public void restoreState(Bundle icicle) {setMode(PAUSE);mAppleList = coordArrayToArrayList(icicle.getIntArray("mAppleList"));mDirection = icicle.getInt("mDirection");mNextDirection = icicle.getInt("mNextDirection");mMoveDelay = icicle.getLong("mMoveDelay");mScore = icicle.getLong("mScore");mSnakeTrail = coordArrayToArrayList(icicle.getIntArray("mSnakeTrail"));}/** handles key events in the game. Update the direction our snake is traveling* based on the DPAD. Ignore events that would cause the snake to immediately* turn back on itself.* * (non-Javadoc)* 键盘触发响应事件* @see android.view.View#onKeyDown(int, android.os.KeyEvent)*/@Overridepublic boolean onKeyDown(int keyCode, KeyEvent msg) {if (keyCode == KeyEvent.KEYCODE_DPAD_UP) {if (mMode == READY | mMode == LOSE) {/** At the beginning of the game, or the end of a previous one,* we should start a new game.*/initNewGame();setMode(RUNNING);update();return (true);}if (mMode == PAUSE) {/** If the game is merely paused, we should just continue where* we left off.*/setMode(RUNNING);update();return (true);}if (mDirection != SOUTH) {mNextDirection = NORTH;}return (true);}if (keyCode == KeyEvent.KEYCODE_DPAD_DOWN) {if (mDirection != NORTH) {mNextDirection = SOUTH;}return (true);}if (keyCode == KeyEvent.KEYCODE_DPAD_LEFT) {if (mDirection != EAST) {mNextDirection = WEST;}return (true);}if (keyCode == KeyEvent.KEYCODE_DPAD_RIGHT) {if (mDirection != WEST) {mNextDirection = EAST;}return (true);}return super.onKeyDown(keyCode, msg);}/*** Sets the TextView that will be used to give information (such as "Game* Over" to the user.* * @param newView*/public void setTextView(TextView newView) {mStatusText = newView;}/*** Updates the current mode of the application (RUNNING or PAUSED or the like)* as well as sets the visibility of textview for notification* * @param newMode*/public void setMode(int newMode) {int oldMode = mMode;mMode = newMode;if (newMode == RUNNING & oldMode != RUNNING) {mStatusText.setVisibility(View.INVISIBLE);update();return;}Resources res = getContext().getResources();CharSequence str = "";if (newMode == PAUSE) {str = res.getText(R.string.mode_pause);}if (newMode == READY) {str = res.getText(R.string.mode_ready);}if (newMode == LOSE) {str = res.getString(R.string.mode_lose_prefix) + mScore+ res.getString(R.string.mode_lose_suffix);}mStatusText.setText(str);mStatusText.setVisibility(View.VISIBLE);}/*** Selects a random location within the garden that is not currently covered* by the snake. Currently _could_ go into an infinite loop if the snake* currently fills the garden, but we'll leave discovery of this prize to a* truly excellent snake-player.* */private void addRandomApple() {Coordinate newCoord = null;boolean found = false;while (!found) {// Choose a new location for our apple - apple生成的位置的坐标int newX = 1 + RNG.nextInt(mXTileCount - 2);int newY = 1 + RNG.nextInt(mYTileCount - 2);newCoord = new Coordinate(newX, newY);// Make sure it's not already under the snakeboolean collision = false;int snakelength = mSnakeTrail.size();//遍历snake, 看新添加的apple是否在snake里边, 如果是,重新生成for (int index = 0; index < snakelength; index++) {if (mSnakeTrail.get(index).equals(newCoord)) {collision = true;}}// if we're here and there's been no collision, then we have// a good location for an apple. Otherwise, we'll circle back// and try againfound = !collision;}if (newCoord == null) {Log.e(TAG, "Somehow ended up with a null newCoord!");}mAppleList.add(newCoord);}/*** Handles the basic update loop, checking to see if we are in the running* state, determining if a move should be made, updating the snake's location.*/public void update() {//每次update, 所有的都需要重新画if (mMode == RUNNING) {long now = System.currentTimeMillis();if (now - mLastMove > mMoveDelay) {clearTiles(); //将所有网格清0updateWalls(); //画边界updateSnake(); //画snakeupdateApples(); //画applemLastMove = now; //设置delay}mRedrawHandler.sleep(mMoveDelay); //发送消息, 等待下次update}}/*** Draws some walls.* */private void updateWalls() {for (int x = 0; x < mXTileCount; x++) {setTile(GREEN_STAR, x, 0);setTile(GREEN_STAR, x, mYTileCount - 1);}for (int y = 1; y < mYTileCount - 1; y++) {setTile(GREEN_STAR, 0, y);setTile(GREEN_STAR, mXTileCount - 1, y);}}/*** Draws some apples.* */private void updateApples() {for (Coordinate c : mAppleList) {setTile(YELLOW_STAR, c.x, c.y);}}/*** Figure out which way the snake is going, see if he's run into anything (the* walls, himself, or an apple). If he's not going to die, we then add to the* front and subtract from the rear in order to simulate motion. If we want to* grow him, we don't subtract from the rear.* */private void updateSnake() {boolean growSnake = false;// grab the snake by the headCoordinate head = mSnakeTrail.get(0);Coordinate newHead = new Coordinate(1, 1);mDirection = mNextDirection;switch (mDirection) {//根据不同的方向设置snake的头 - 向哪里走case EAST: {newHead = new Coordinate(head.x + 1, head.y);break;}case WEST: {newHead = new Coordinate(head.x - 1, head.y);break;}case NORTH: {newHead = new Coordinate(head.x, head.y - 1);break;}case SOUTH: {newHead = new Coordinate(head.x, head.y + 1);break;}}// Collision detection// For now we have a 1-square wall around the entire arena//判断何时游戏失败-要到自己或撞到wallif ((newHead.x < 1) || (newHead.y < 1) || (newHead.x > mXTileCount - 2)|| (newHead.y > mYTileCount - 2)) {setMode(LOSE);return;}// Look for collisions with itselfint snakelength = mSnakeTrail.size();for (int snakeindex = 0; snakeindex < snakelength; snakeindex++) {Coordinate c = mSnakeTrail.get(snakeindex);if (c.equals(newHead)) {setMode(LOSE);return;}}// Look for applesint applecount = mAppleList.size();for (int appleindex = 0; appleindex < applecount; appleindex++) {Coordinate c = mAppleList.get(appleindex);if (c.equals(newHead)) {mAppleList.remove(c);addRandomApple();mScore++;//随着游戏, delay会逐渐减小mMoveDelay *= 0.9;growSnake = true;}}// push a new head onto the ArrayList and pull off the tailmSnakeTrail.add(0, newHead);// except if we want the snake to growif (!growSnake) {mSnakeTrail.remove(mSnakeTrail.size() - 1);}int index = 0;for (Coordinate c : mSnakeTrail) {if (index == 0) {setTile(YELLOW_STAR, c.x, c.y);} else {setTile(RED_STAR, c.x, c.y);}index++;}}/*** Simple class containing two integer values and a comparison function.* There's probably something I should use instead, but this was quick and* easy to build.* */private class Coordinate {public int x;public int y;public Coordinate(int newX, int newY) {x = newX;y = newY;}public boolean equals(Coordinate other) {if (x == other.x && y == other.y) {return true;}return false;}@Overridepublic String toString() {return "Coordinate: [" + x + "," + y + "]";}}}

3.TileView.java

* Copyright (C) 2007 The Android Open Source Projectpackage com.taln;import android.content.Context;/*** 相当于贪吃蛇吃的那个食物, 也相当于是wall(边界)的元器件*/
public class TileView extends View {/*** Parameters controlling the size of the tiles and their range within view.* Width/Height are in pixels, and Drawables will be scaled to fit to these* dimensions. X/Y Tile Counts are the number of tiles that will be drawn.*/protected static int mTileSize;protected static int mXTileCount;protected static int mYTileCount;private static int mXOffset;private static int mYOffset;/*** A hash that maps integer handles specified by the subclasser to the* drawable that will be used for that reference*/private Bitmap[] mTileArray; /*** A two-dimensional array of integers in which the number represents the* index of the tile that should be drawn at that locations*/private int[][] mTileGrid; //把屏幕分成一格一格的二维数组private final Paint mPaint = new Paint();//下面这两个构造好像都要用到,敝人没有时间深入研究,读者有兴趣可以自己玩一下.public TileView(Context context, AttributeSet attrs, int defStyle) {super(context, attrs, defStyle);//获取资源文件(attrs.xml)定义的view的对象TypedArray a = context.obtainStyledAttributes(attrs, R.styleable.TileView);//获取资源文件(attrs.xml)定义的属性的值mTileSize = a.getInt(R.styleable.TileView_tileSize, 12);//好像可有可无, 有点像回调, 意思是a对象过一会儿还要用a.recycle();}public TileView(Context context, AttributeSet attrs) {super(context, attrs);TypedArray a = context.obtainStyledAttributes(attrs, R.styleable.TileView);mTileSize = a.getInt(R.styleable.TileView_tileSize, 12);a.recycle();}/*** mTileArray是存放tile的数组,此程序一共用了三种tile,红黄绿.* @param tilecount*/public void resetTiles(int tilecount) {mTileArray = new Bitmap[tilecount];}@Override//横竖屏切换时调用protected void onSizeChanged(int w, int h, int oldw, int oldh) {mXTileCount = (int) Math.floor(w / mTileSize);mYTileCount = (int) Math.floor(h / mTileSize);
//够分成一格的分成一格, 剩下不够一格的分成两份,左边一份,右边一份mXOffset = ((w - (mTileSize * mXTileCount)) / 2);mYOffset = ((h - (mTileSize * mYTileCount)) / 2);mTileGrid = new int[mXTileCount][mYTileCount];clearTiles(); //将二维网格的值全部设定为0}/*** Function to set the specified Drawable as the tile for a particular* integer key.* 将三种tile加载到内存,提供画布-canvas . (画画要有画纸和画笔.paint相当于笔,canvas相当于纸)* @param key* @param tile*/public void loadTile(int key, Drawable tile) {Bitmap bitmap = Bitmap.createBitmap(mTileSize, mTileSize, Bitmap.Config.ARGB_8888);Canvas canvas = new Canvas(bitmap);tile.setBounds(0, 0, mTileSize, mTileSize);tile.draw(canvas);mTileArray[key] = bitmap;}/*** Resets all tiles to 0 (empty)* 将所有网格清0*/public void clearTiles() {for (int x = 0; x < mXTileCount; x++) {for (int y = 0; y < mYTileCount; y++) {setTile(0, x, y);}}}/*** Used to indicate that a particular tile (set with loadTile and referenced* by an integer) should be drawn at the given x/y coordinates during the* next invalidate/draw cycle.* * @param tileindex* @param x* @param y*/public void setTile(int tileindex, int x, int y) {mTileGrid[x][y] = tileindex;}//自动调用.只要是调用了invalidate()方法后会再次自动调用.@Overridepublic void onDraw(Canvas canvas) {super.onDraw(canvas);for (int x = 0; x < mXTileCount; x += 1) {for (int y = 0; y < mYTileCount; y += 1) {if (mTileGrid[x][y] > 0) {canvas.drawBitmap(mTileArray[mTileGrid[x][y]], mXOffset + x * mTileSize,mYOffset + y * mTileSize,mPaint);}}}}}

4.snake_layout.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?><FrameLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"android:layout_width="match_parent"android:layout_height="match_parent"><com.taln.SnakeViewandroid:id="@+id/snake"android:layout_width="match_parent"android:layout_height="match_parent"tileSize="24"/><RelativeLayoutandroid:layout_width="match_parent"android:layout_height="match_parent" ><TextViewandroid:id="@+id/text"android:text="@string/snake_layout_text_text"android:visibility="visible"android:layout_width="wrap_content"android:layout_height="wrap_content"android:layout_centerInParent="true"android:gravity="center_horizontal"android:textColor="#ff8888ff"android:textSize="24sp"/></RelativeLayout>
</FrameLayout>

5.attrs.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?><resources><declare-styleable name="TileView"><attr name="tileSize" format="integer" /></declare-styleable>
</resources>

6.strings.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<!-- Copyright (C) 2007 The Android Open Source ProjectLicensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.You may obtain a copy of the License athttp://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, softwaredistributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.See the License for the specific language governing permissions andlimitations under the License.
--><resources><string name="mode_ready">Snake\nPress Up To Play</string><string name="mode_pause">Paused\nPress Up To Resume</string><string name="mode_lose_prefix">Game Over\nScore: </string><string name="mode_lose_suffix">\nPress Up To Play</string><string name="snake_layout_text_text"></string>
</resources>

7.androidmanifest.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"package="com.taln"android:versionCode="1"android:versionName="1.0"><application android:icon="@drawable/icon" ><activity android:name=".Snake"><intent-filter><action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" /><category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" /></intent-filter></activity></application></manifest>

8. 三个tile的资源图片 - mdpi

下面是效果图: