简单介绍

      Greenplum基于postgre数据库开发，是一个关系型数据库集群，它实际上是由多个postgre数据库服务组合成的逻辑数据库集群。它包含两个角色，master和segment。它将一个表的数据均匀分布在segmeng上，实现了快速的海量并行运算。Greenplum在海量数据的处理方面性能十分强大。

master和segment的角色，可以参考如下表格：

本文章中，主要介绍Greenplum的安装。

安装环境

安装步骤

1：配置host解析（所有主机上）

# vi /etc/hosts
192.168.204.138 gpdb_m
192.168.204.139 gpdb_seg1
192.168.204.140 gpdb_seg2

2：修改系统参数（所有主机上）

# vi /etc/sysctl.conf
kernel.shmmax = 5000000000
kernel.shmmni = 4096
kernel.shmall = 40000000000
kernel.sem = 250 5120000 100 20480kernel.sysrq = 1
kernel.core_uses_pid = 1
kernel.msgmnb = 65536
kernel.msgmax = 65536
kernel.msgmni = 2048
net.ipv4.tcp_syncookies = 1
net.ipv4.ip_forward = 0
net.ipv4.conf.default.accept_source_route = 0
net.ipv4.tcp_tw_recycle =1
net.ipv4.tcp_max_syn_backlog = 4096
net.ipv4.conf.default.rp_filter = 1
net.ipv4.conf.all.arp_filter = 1
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 1024 65535
net.core.netdev_max_backlog =10000
vm.overcommit_memory = 2使参数生效：
# sysctl –p

3：修改最大文件打开数（所有主机上）

# vi /etc/security/limits.conf
* soft nofile 65536
* hard nofile 65536
* soft nproc 131072
* hard nproc 131072
* soft core unlimited# vi /etc/security/limits.d/20-nproc.conf
*          soft    nproc     131072
root       soft    nproc     unlimited

4：修改gpdb磁盘挂载参数

Gpdb在linux平台上，推荐使用XFS文件系统，GP建议使用以下的挂在参数：

Rw,noatime,inode64,allocsize=16m

比如想把gpdb数据存储在/dev/sdb磁盘下，挂载目录为/opt/data，则可以如此挂载：

# vi /etc/fstab
/dev/sdb   /opt/data  xfs   rw,noatime,inode64,allocsize=16m   1  1

5:在master上安装GPDB

这里使用gpdb二进制包的方式安装，该方式对比源码安装，比较简单，无需安装大量的依赖包和软件包。安装包可在https://network.pivotal.io/下载，需进行注册与邮件验证。

# unzip greenplum-db-5.5.0-rhel7-x86_64.zip
# ./greenplum-db-5.5.0-rhel7-x86_64.bin
I HAVE READ AND AGREE TO THE TERMS OF THE ABOVE PIVOTAL SOFTWARE
LICENSE AGREEMENT.********************************************************************************
Do you accept the Pivotal Database license agreement? [yes|no]
********************************************************************************yes********************************************************************************
Provide the installation path for Greenplum Database or press ENTER to
accept the default installation path: /usr/local/greenplum-db-5.5.0
********************************************************************************/opt/apps/greenplum                 (指定安装目录)********************************************************************************
Install Greenplum Database into /opt/apps/greenplum? [yes|no]
********************************************************************************yes********************************************************************************
/opt/apps/greenplum does not exist.
Create /opt/apps/greenplum ? [yes|no]
(Selecting no will exit the installer)
********************************************************************************yesExtracting product to /opt/apps/greenplum********************************************************************************
Installation complete.
Greenplum Database is installed in /opt/apps/greenplumPivotal Greenplum documentation is available
for download at http://gpdb.docs.pivotal.io6：在所有主机上安装配置GPDB
以root身份加载GPDB的路径文件
# source /opt/apps/greenplum/greenplum_path.sh

创建一个host_list文件，里面包含GPDB集群的所有主机名

# vi host_list
gpdb_m
gpdb_seg1
gpdb_seg2

使用创建的host_list文件运行gpseginstall命令，在所有主机上创建gpadmin用户并设置用户的密码，同时把GPDB程序分发到所有主机上：

# gpseginstall -f /opt/conf/greenplum/host_list  -u gpadmin -p gpadmin
20180322:18:52:00:001380 gpseginstall:gpdb_m:root-[INFO]:-Installation Info:
link_name greenplum-db
binary_path /opt/apps/greenplum
binary_dir_location /opt/apps
binary_dir_name greenplum
20180322:18:52:00:001380 gpseginstall:gpdb_m:root-[INFO]:-check cluster password access*** Enter password for gpdb_m:
20180322:18:52:05:001380 gpseginstall:gpdb_m:root-[INFO]:-de-duplicate hostnames
20180322:18:52:05:001380 gpseginstall:gpdb_m:root-[INFO]:-master hostname: gpdb_m
20180322:18:52:06:001380 gpseginstall:gpdb_m:root-[INFO]:-check for user gpadmin on cluster
20180322:18:52:06:001380 gpseginstall:gpdb_m:root-[INFO]:-add user gpadmin on master
20180322:18:52:06:001380 gpseginstall:gpdb_m:root-[INFO]:-add user gpadmin on cluster
20180322:18:52:06:001380 gpseginstall:gpdb_m:root-[INFO]:-chown -R gpadmin:gpadmin /opt/apps/greenplum-db
20180322:18:52:06:001380 gpseginstall:gpdb_m:root-[INFO]:-chown -R gpadmin:gpadmin /opt/apps/greenplum
20180322:18:52:07:001380 gpseginstall:gpdb_m:root-[INFO]:-rm -f /opt/apps/greenplum.tar; rm -f /opt/apps/greenplum.tar.gz
20180322:18:52:07:001380 gpseginstall:gpdb_m:root-[INFO]:-cd /opt/apps; tar cf greenplum.tar greenplum
20180322:18:52:24:001380 gpseginstall:gpdb_m:root-[INFO]:-gzip /opt/apps/greenplum.tar
20180322:18:52:51:001380 gpseginstall:gpdb_m:root-[INFO]:-remote command: mkdir -p /opt/apps
20180322:18:52:51:001380 gpseginstall:gpdb_m:root-[INFO]:-remote command: rm -rf /opt/apps/greenplum
20180322:18:52:51:001380 gpseginstall:gpdb_m:root-[INFO]:-scp software to remote location
root@gpdb_seg2's password: root@gpdb_seg1's password:root@gpdb_seg1's password:
20180322:18:54:05:001380 gpseginstall:gpdb_m:root-[INFO]:-remote command: gzip -f -d /opt/apps/greenplum.tar.gz20180322:18:54:13:001380 gpseginstall:gpdb_m:root-[INFO]:-md5 check on remote location
20180322:18:54:16:001380 gpseginstall:gpdb_m:root-[INFO]:-remote command: cd /opt/apps; tar xf greenplum.tar
20180322:18:54:29:001380 gpseginstall:gpdb_m:root-[INFO]:-remote command: rm -f /opt/apps/greenplum.tar
20180322:18:54:31:001380 gpseginstall:gpdb_m:root-[INFO]:-remote command: cd /opt/apps; rm -f greenplum-db; ln -fs greenplum greenplum-db
20180322:18:54:33:001380 gpseginstall:gpdb_m:root-[INFO]:-remote command: chown -R gpadmin:gpadmin /opt/apps/greenplum-db
20180322:18:54:35:001380 gpseginstall:gpdb_m:root-[INFO]:-remote command: chown -R gpadmin:gpadmin /opt/apps/greenplum
20180322:18:54:35:001380 gpseginstall:gpdb_m:root-[INFO]:-rm -f /opt/apps/greenplum.tar.gz
20180322:18:54:35:001380 gpseginstall:gpdb_m:root-[INFO]:-Changing system passwords ...
20180322:18:54:39:001380 gpseginstall:gpdb_m:root-[INFO]:-exchange ssh keys for user root
20180322:18:54:41:001380 gpseginstall:gpdb_m:root-[INFO]:-Cmd 'gpssh-exkeys -f /opt/conf/greenplum/host_list' failed with error code 1
20180322:18:54:41:001380 gpseginstall:gpdb_m:root-[INFO]:-gppsh-exkeys failed running from within pexpect ... now try outside of pexpect
[STEP 1 of 5] create local ID and authorize on local host... /root/.ssh/id_rsa file exists ... key generation skipped[STEP 2 of 5] keyscan all hosts and update known_hosts file[STEP 3 of 5] authorize current user on remote hosts... send to gpdb_seg1... send to gpdb_seg2[STEP 4 of 5] determine common authentication file content[STEP 5 of 5] copy authentication files to all remote hosts... finished key exchange with gpdb_seg1
[ERROR] unable to copy authentication files to gpdb_seg2lost connection
20180322:18:54:43:001380 gpseginstall:gpdb_m:root-[ERROR]:-error on cmd: gpssh-exkeys -f /opt/conf/greenplum/host_list
20180322:18:54:43:001380 gpseginstall:gpdb_m:root-[INFO]:-exchange ssh keys for user gpadmin
20180322:18:54:45:001380 gpseginstall:gpdb_m:root-[INFO]:-/opt/apps/greenplum-db/./sbin/gpfixuserlimts -f /etc/security/limits.conf -u gpadmin
20180322:18:54:45:001380 gpseginstall:gpdb_m:root-[INFO]:-remote command: . /opt/apps/greenplum-db/./greenplum_path.sh; /opt/apps/greenplum-db/./sbin/gpfixuserlimts -f /etc/security/limits.conf -u gpadmin
20180322:18:54:46:001380 gpseginstall:gpdb_m:root-[INFO]:-version string on master: gpssh version 5.5.0 build commit:67afa18296aa238d53a2dfcc724da60ed2f944f0
20180322:18:54:46:001380 gpseginstall:gpdb_m:root-[INFO]:-remote command: . /opt/apps/greenplum-db/./greenplum_path.sh; /opt/apps/greenplum-db/./bin/gpssh --version
20180322:18:54:46:001380 gpseginstall:gpdb_m:root-[INFO]:-remote command: . /opt/apps/greenplum/greenplum_path.sh; /opt/apps/greenplum/bin/gpssh --version
20180322:18:54:46:001380 gpseginstall:gpdb_m:root-[INFO]:-SUCCESS -- Requested commands completed

7：确认每个主机上是否都安装好了gpdb

Master:

# su - gpadmin
$ source /opt/apps/greenplum/greenplum_path.sh
$ gpssh-exkeys -f /opt/conf/greenplum/host_list
[STEP 1 of 5] create local ID and authorize on local host... /home/gpadmin/.ssh/id_rsa file exists ... key generation skipped[STEP 2 of 5] keyscan all hosts and update known_hosts file[STEP 3 of 5] authorize current user on remote hosts... send to gpdb_seg1... send to gpdb_seg2[STEP 4 of 5] determine common authentication file content[STEP 5 of 5] copy authentication files to all remote hosts... finished key exchange with gpdb_seg1... finished key exchange with gpdb_seg2[INFO] completed successfully
$ gpssh -f /opt/conf/greenplum/host_list  ls /opt/apps/
[   gpdb_m] greenplum  greenplum-db
[gpdb_seg2] greenplum  greenplum-db
[gpdb_seg1] greenplum  greenplum-db

以上可以看到gpdb软件已经安装到每个主机上。

8：创建数据目录。

Master:

# mkdir -p /opt/data/gpdata/master
# chown gpadmin.gpadmin /opt/data/gpdata/master

Segment:

创建seg_host文件，该文件包含segment主机名
# vi /opt/conf/greenplum/seg_host
gpdb_seg1
gpdb_seg2

各节点创建segmeng数据目录

# gpssh -f  /opt/conf/greenplum/seg_host
=> mkdir -p /opt/data/gpdata/primary
[gpdb_seg2]
[gpdb_seg1]
=> mkdir -p /opt/data/gpdata/mirror
[gpdb_seg2]
[gpdb_seg1]
=> chown gpadmin.gpadmin /opt/data/gpdata/primary
[gpdb_seg2]
[gpdb_seg1]
=> chown gpadmin.gpadmin /opt/data/gpdata/mirror
[gpdb_seg2]
[gpdb_seg1]

10：初始化GPDB

创建GPDB配置文件：

$ cp $GPHOME/docs/cli_help/gpconfigs/gpinitsystem_config /home/gpadmin/
$ vi /home/gpadmin/gpinitsystem_config
ARRAY_NAME="CMH greenplum"
SEG_PREFIX=gpseg
PORT_BASE=40000
declare -a DATA_DIRECTORY=(/opt/data/gpdata/primary)
MASTER_HOSTNAME=gpdb_m
MASTER_DIRECTORY=/opt/data/gpdata/master
MASTER_PORT=5432
TRUSTED_SHELL=ssh
CHECK_POINT_SEGMENTS=8
ENCODING=UNICODE
MACHINE_LIST_FILE=/opt/conf/greenplum/seg_host

注：这里没有配置mirror，可以在初始化的时候配置mirror，也可以后期添加。

运行初始化命令：

$ gpinitsystem -c gpinitsystem_config
20180322:19:27:51:007412 gpinitsystem:gpdb_m:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Checking configuration parameters, please wait...
20180322:19:27:51:007412 gpinitsystem:gpdb_m:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Reading Greenplum configuration file gpinitsystem_config
20180322:19:27:51:007412 gpinitsystem:gpdb_m:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Locale has not been set in gpinitsystem_config, will set to default value
20180322:19:27:51:007412 gpinitsystem:gpdb_m:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Locale set to en_US.utf8
20180322:19:27:51:gpinitsystem:gpdb_m:gpadmin-[FATAL]:-Master host data directory /opt/data/gpdata/master/gpseg-1 already exists Script Exiting!
[gpadmin@gpdb_m ~]$ gpinitsystem -c gpinitsystem_config
20180322:19:28:03:007646 gpinitsystem:gpdb_m:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Checking configuration parameters, please wait...
20180322:19:28:03:007646 gpinitsystem:gpdb_m:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Reading Greenplum configuration file gpinitsystem_config
20180322:19:28:03:007646 gpinitsystem:gpdb_m:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Locale has not been set in gpinitsystem_config, will set to default value
20180322:19:28:03:007646 gpinitsystem:gpdb_m:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Locale set to en_US.utf8
20180322:19:28:03:007646 gpinitsystem:gpdb_m:gpadmin-[INFO]:-No DATABASE_NAME set, will exit following template1 updates
20180322:19:28:03:007646 gpinitsystem:gpdb_m:gpadmin-[INFO]:-MASTER_MAX_CONNECT not set, will set to default value 250
20180322:19:28:03:007646 gpinitsystem:gpdb_m:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Checking configuration parameters, Completed
20180322:19:28:03:007646 gpinitsystem:gpdb_m:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Commencing multi-home checks, please wait...
..
20180322:19:28:04:007646 gpinitsystem:gpdb_m:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Configuring build for standard array
20180322:19:28:04:007646 gpinitsystem:gpdb_m:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Commencing multi-home checks, Completed
20180322:19:28:04:007646 gpinitsystem:gpdb_m:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Building primary segment instance array, please wait...
..
20180322:19:28:04:007646 gpinitsystem:gpdb_m:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Checking Master host
20180322:19:28:04:007646 gpinitsystem:gpdb_m:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Checking new segment hosts, please wait...
..
20180322:19:28:07:007646 gpinitsystem:gpdb_m:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Checking new segment hosts, Completed
20180322:19:28:07:007646 gpinitsystem:gpdb_m:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Greenplum Database Creation Parameters
20180322:19:28:07:007646 gpinitsystem:gpdb_m:gpadmin-[INFO]:---------------------------------------
20180322:19:28:07:007646 gpinitsystem:gpdb_m:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Master Configuration
20180322:19:28:07:007646 gpinitsystem:gpdb_m:gpadmin-[INFO]:---------------------------------------
20180322:19:28:07:007646 gpinitsystem:gpdb_m:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Master instance name       = CMH greenplum
20180322:19:28:07:007646 gpinitsystem:gpdb_m:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Master hostname            = gpdb_m
20180322:19:28:07:007646 gpinitsystem:gpdb_m:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Master port                = 5432
20180322:19:28:07:007646 gpinitsystem:gpdb_m:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Master instance dir        = /opt/data/gpdata/master/gpseg-1
20180322:19:28:07:007646 gpinitsystem:gpdb_m:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Master LOCALE              = en_US.utf8
20180322:19:28:07:007646 gpinitsystem:gpdb_m:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Greenplum segment prefix   = gpseg
20180322:19:28:07:007646 gpinitsystem:gpdb_m:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Master Database            =
20180322:19:28:07:007646 gpinitsystem:gpdb_m:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Master connections         = 250
20180322:19:28:07:007646 gpinitsystem:gpdb_m:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Master buffers             = 128000kB
20180322:19:28:07:007646 gpinitsystem:gpdb_m:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Segment connections        = 750
20180322:19:28:07:007646 gpinitsystem:gpdb_m:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Segment buffers            = 128000kB
20180322:19:28:07:007646 gpinitsystem:gpdb_m:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Checkpoint segments        = 8
20180322:19:28:07:007646 gpinitsystem:gpdb_m:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Encoding                   = UNICODE
20180322:19:28:07:007646 gpinitsystem:gpdb_m:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Postgres param file        = Off
20180322:19:28:07:007646 gpinitsystem:gpdb_m:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Initdb to be used          = /opt/apps/greenplum-db/./bin/initdb
20180322:19:28:07:007646 gpinitsystem:gpdb_m:gpadmin-[INFO]:-GP_LIBRARY_PATH is         = /opt/apps/greenplum-db/./lib
20180322:19:28:07:007646 gpinitsystem:gpdb_m:gpadmin-[INFO]:-HEAP_CHECKSUM is           = on
20180322:19:28:07:007646 gpinitsystem:gpdb_m:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Ulimit check               = Passed
20180322:19:28:07:007646 gpinitsystem:gpdb_m:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Array host connect type    = Single hostname per node
20180322:19:28:07:007646 gpinitsystem:gpdb_m:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Master IP address [1]      = ::1
20180322:19:28:07:007646 gpinitsystem:gpdb_m:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Master IP address [2]      = 192.168.204.138
20180322:19:28:07:007646 gpinitsystem:gpdb_m:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Master IP address [3]      = fe80::ba98:17d7:87fc:71d5
20180322:19:28:07:007646 gpinitsystem:gpdb_m:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Standby Master             = Not Configured
20180322:19:28:07:007646 gpinitsystem:gpdb_m:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Primary segment #          = 1
20180322:19:28:07:007646 gpinitsystem:gpdb_m:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Total Database segments    = 2
20180322:19:28:07:007646 gpinitsystem:gpdb_m:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Trusted shell              = ssh
20180322:19:28:07:007646 gpinitsystem:gpdb_m:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Number segment hosts       = 2
20180322:19:28:07:007646 gpinitsystem:gpdb_m:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Mirroring config           = OFF
20180322:19:28:07:007646 gpinitsystem:gpdb_m:gpadmin-[INFO]:----------------------------------------
20180322:19:28:07:007646 gpinitsystem:gpdb_m:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Greenplum Primary Segment Configuration
20180322:19:28:07:007646 gpinitsystem:gpdb_m:gpadmin-[INFO]:----------------------------------------
20180322:19:28:07:007646 gpinitsystem:gpdb_m:gpadmin-[INFO]:-gpdb_seg1  /opt/data/gpdata/primary/gpseg0         40000   2       0
20180322:19:28:07:007646 gpinitsystem:gpdb_m:gpadmin-[INFO]:-gpdb_seg2  /opt/data/gpdata/primary/gpseg1         40000   3       1Continue with Greenplum creation Yy|Nn (default=N):
> y
20180322:19:28:14:007646 gpinitsystem:gpdb_m:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Building the Master instance database, please wait...
20180322:19:28:18:007646 gpinitsystem:gpdb_m:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Starting the Master in admin mode
20180322:19:28:23:007646 gpinitsystem:gpdb_m:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Commencing parallel build of primary segment instances
20180322:19:28:23:007646 gpinitsystem:gpdb_m:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Spawning parallel processes    batch [1], please wait...
..
20180322:19:28:23:007646 gpinitsystem:gpdb_m:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Waiting for parallel processes batch [1], please wait...
..............
20180322:19:28:37:007646 gpinitsystem:gpdb_m:gpadmin-[INFO]:------------------------------------------------
20180322:19:28:37:007646 gpinitsystem:gpdb_m:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Parallel process exit status
20180322:19:28:37:007646 gpinitsystem:gpdb_m:gpadmin-[INFO]:------------------------------------------------
20180322:19:28:37:007646 gpinitsystem:gpdb_m:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Total processes marked as completed           = 2
20180322:19:28:37:007646 gpinitsystem:gpdb_m:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Total processes marked as killed              = 0
20180322:19:28:37:007646 gpinitsystem:gpdb_m:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Total processes marked as failed              = 0
20180322:19:28:37:007646 gpinitsystem:gpdb_m:gpadmin-[INFO]:------------------------------------------------
20180322:19:28:37:007646 gpinitsystem:gpdb_m:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Deleting distributed backout files
20180322:19:28:37:007646 gpinitsystem:gpdb_m:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Removing back out file
20180322:19:28:37:007646 gpinitsystem:gpdb_m:gpadmin-[INFO]:-No errors generated from parallel processes
20180322:19:28:37:007646 gpinitsystem:gpdb_m:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Restarting the Greenplum instance in production mode
20180322:19:28:37:009763 gpstop:gpdb_m:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Starting gpstop with args: -a -l /home/gpadmin/gpAdminLogs -i -m -d /opt/data/gpdata/master/gpseg-1
20180322:19:28:37:009763 gpstop:gpdb_m:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Gathering information and validating the environment...
20180322:19:28:37:009763 gpstop:gpdb_m:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Obtaining Greenplum Master catalog information
20180322:19:28:37:009763 gpstop:gpdb_m:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Obtaining Segment details from master...
20180322:19:28:37:009763 gpstop:gpdb_m:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Greenplum Version: 'postgres (Greenplum Database) 5.5.0 build commit:67afa18296aa238d53a2dfcc724da60ed2f944f0'
20180322:19:28:37:009763 gpstop:gpdb_m:gpadmin-[INFO]:-There are 0 connections to the database
20180322:19:28:37:009763 gpstop:gpdb_m:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Commencing Master instance shutdown with mode='immediate'
20180322:19:28:37:009763 gpstop:gpdb_m:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Master host=gpdb_m
20180322:19:28:37:009763 gpstop:gpdb_m:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Commencing Master instance shutdown with mode=immediate
20180322:19:28:37:009763 gpstop:gpdb_m:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Master segment instance directory=/opt/data/gpdata/master/gpseg-1
20180322:19:28:39:009763 gpstop:gpdb_m:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Attempting forceful termination of any leftover master process
20180322:19:28:39:009763 gpstop:gpdb_m:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Terminating processes for segment /opt/data/gpdata/master/gpseg-1
20180322:19:28:39:009789 gpstart:gpdb_m:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Starting gpstart with args: -a -l /home/gpadmin/gpAdminLogs -d /opt/data/gpdata/master/gpseg-1
20180322:19:28:39:009789 gpstart:gpdb_m:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Gathering information and validating the environment...
20180322:19:28:39:009789 gpstart:gpdb_m:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Greenplum Binary Version: 'postgres (Greenplum Database) 5.5.0 build commit:67afa18296aa238d53a2dfcc724da60ed2f944f0'
20180322:19:28:39:009789 gpstart:gpdb_m:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Greenplum Catalog Version: '301705051'
20180322:19:28:39:009789 gpstart:gpdb_m:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Starting Master instance in admin mode
20180322:19:28:40:009789 gpstart:gpdb_m:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Obtaining Greenplum Master catalog information
20180322:19:28:40:009789 gpstart:gpdb_m:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Obtaining Segment details from master...
20180322:19:28:40:009789 gpstart:gpdb_m:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Setting new master era
20180322:19:28:40:009789 gpstart:gpdb_m:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Master Started...
20180322:19:28:40:009789 gpstart:gpdb_m:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Heap checksum setting is consistent across the cluster
20180322:19:28:40:009789 gpstart:gpdb_m:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Shutting down master
20180322:19:28:41:009789 gpstart:gpdb_m:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Commencing parallel segment instance startup, please wait...
..
20180322:19:28:43:009789 gpstart:gpdb_m:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Process results...
20180322:19:28:43:009789 gpstart:gpdb_m:gpadmin-[INFO]:-----------------------------------------------------
20180322:19:28:43:009789 gpstart:gpdb_m:gpadmin-[INFO]:-   Successful segment starts                                            = 2
20180322:19:28:43:009789 gpstart:gpdb_m:gpadmin-[INFO]:-   Failed segment starts                                                = 0
20180322:19:28:43:009789 gpstart:gpdb_m:gpadmin-[INFO]:-   Skipped segment starts (segments are marked down in configuration)   = 0
20180322:19:28:43:009789 gpstart:gpdb_m:gpadmin-[INFO]:-----------------------------------------------------
20180322:19:28:43:009789 gpstart:gpdb_m:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Successfully started 2 of 2 segment instances
20180322:19:28:43:009789 gpstart:gpdb_m:gpadmin-[INFO]:-----------------------------------------------------
20180322:19:28:43:009789 gpstart:gpdb_m:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Starting Master instance gpdb_m directory /opt/data/gpdata/master/gpseg-1
20180322:19:28:45:009789 gpstart:gpdb_m:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Command pg_ctl reports Master gpdb_m instance active
20180322:19:28:45:009789 gpstart:gpdb_m:gpadmin-[INFO]:-No standby master configured.  skipping...
20180322:19:28:45:009789 gpstart:gpdb_m:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Database successfully started
20180322:19:28:45:007646 gpinitsystem:gpdb_m:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Completed restart of Greenplum instance in production mode
20180322:19:28:45:007646 gpinitsystem:gpdb_m:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Scanning utility log file for any warning messages
20180322:19:28:45:007646 gpinitsystem:gpdb_m:gpadmin-[WARN]:-*******************************************************
20180322:19:28:45:007646 gpinitsystem:gpdb_m:gpadmin-[WARN]:-Scan of log file indicates that some warnings or errors
20180322:19:28:45:007646 gpinitsystem:gpdb_m:gpadmin-[WARN]:-were generated during the array creation
20180322:19:28:45:007646 gpinitsystem:gpdb_m:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Please review contents of log file
20180322:19:28:45:007646 gpinitsystem:gpdb_m:gpadmin-[INFO]:-/home/gpadmin/gpAdminLogs/gpinitsystem_20180322.log
20180322:19:28:45:007646 gpinitsystem:gpdb_m:gpadmin-[INFO]:-To determine level of criticality
20180322:19:28:45:007646 gpinitsystem:gpdb_m:gpadmin-[INFO]:-These messages could be from a previous run of the utility
20180322:19:28:45:007646 gpinitsystem:gpdb_m:gpadmin-[INFO]:-that was called today!
20180322:19:28:45:007646 gpinitsystem:gpdb_m:gpadmin-[WARN]:-*******************************************************
20180322:19:28:45:007646 gpinitsystem:gpdb_m:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Greenplum Database instance successfully created
20180322:19:28:45:007646 gpinitsystem:gpdb_m:gpadmin-[INFO]:-------------------------------------------------------
20180322:19:28:45:007646 gpinitsystem:gpdb_m:gpadmin-[INFO]:-To complete the environment configuration, please
20180322:19:28:45:007646 gpinitsystem:gpdb_m:gpadmin-[INFO]:-update gpadmin .bashrc file with the following
20180322:19:28:45:007646 gpinitsystem:gpdb_m:gpadmin-[INFO]:-1. Ensure that the greenplum_path.sh file is sourced
20180322:19:28:45:007646 gpinitsystem:gpdb_m:gpadmin-[INFO]:-2. Add "export MASTER_DATA_DIRECTORY=/opt/data/gpdata/master/gpseg-1"
20180322:19:28:45:007646 gpinitsystem:gpdb_m:gpadmin-[INFO]:-   to access the Greenplum scripts for this instance:
20180322:19:28:45:007646 gpinitsystem:gpdb_m:gpadmin-[INFO]:-   or, use -d /opt/data/gpdata/master/gpseg-1 option for the Greenplum scripts
20180322:19:28:45:007646 gpinitsystem:gpdb_m:gpadmin-[INFO]:-   Example gpstate -d /opt/data/gpdata/master/gpseg-1
20180322:19:28:45:007646 gpinitsystem:gpdb_m:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Script log file = /home/gpadmin/gpAdminLogs/gpinitsystem_20180322.log
20180322:19:28:45:007646 gpinitsystem:gpdb_m:gpadmin-[INFO]:-To remove instance, run gpdeletesystem utility
20180322:19:28:45:007646 gpinitsystem:gpdb_m:gpadmin-[INFO]:-To initialize a Standby Master Segment for this Greenplum instance
20180322:19:28:45:007646 gpinitsystem:gpdb_m:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Review options for gpinitstandby
20180322:19:28:45:007646 gpinitsystem:gpdb_m:gpadmin-[INFO]:-------------------------------------------------------
20180322:19:28:45:007646 gpinitsystem:gpdb_m:gpadmin-[INFO]:-The Master /opt/data/gpdata/master/gpseg-1/pg_hba.conf post gpinitsystem
20180322:19:28:45:007646 gpinitsystem:gpdb_m:gpadmin-[INFO]:-has been configured to allow all hosts within this new
20180322:19:28:45:007646 gpinitsystem:gpdb_m:gpadmin-[INFO]:-array to intercommunicate. Any hosts external to this
20180322:19:28:45:007646 gpinitsystem:gpdb_m:gpadmin-[INFO]:-new array must be explicitly added to this file
20180322:19:28:45:007646 gpinitsystem:gpdb_m:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Refer to the Greenplum Admin support guide which is
20180322:19:28:45:007646 gpinitsystem:gpdb_m:gpadmin-[INFO]:-located in the /opt/apps/greenplum-db/./docs directory
20180322:19:28:45:007646 gpinitsystem:gpdb_m:gpadmin-[INFO]:-------------------------------------------------------

11:配置GPDB系统变量：

$ vi ./.bashrc
source /opt/apps/greenplum-db/greenplum_path.sh
export MASTER_DATA_DIRECTORY=/opt/data/gpdata/master/gpseg-1
export PGPORT=5432
export PGUSER=gpadmin
export PGDATABASE=postgres

12：验证segment状态：

$ psql –d postgres
postgres=# select * from gp_segment_configuration;dbid | content | role | preferred_role | mode | status | port  | hostname  |  address  | replication_port
------+---------+------+----------------+------+--------+-------+-----------+-----------+------------------1 |      -1 | p    | p              | s    | u      |  5432 | gpdb_m    | gpdb_m    |                2 |       0 | p    | p              | s    | u      | 40000 | gpdb_seg1 | gpdb_seg1 |                3 |       1 | p    | p              | s    | u      | 40000 | gpdb_seg2 | gpdb_seg2 |
(3 rows)

可以看到我们起了3个postgres实例，其中1个master，两个segment。Segment分别分布在gpdb_seg1和gpdb_seg2上。

至此，一个Greenplum集群就安装完成了。