Apache POI操作Excel导出方法说明

Apache的POI组件是Java操作Microsoft Office办公套件的强大API，其中对Word，Excel和PowperPoint都有支持，当然使用较多的还是Excel，因为Word和PowerPoint用程序动态操作的应用较少。本文主要介绍一下Excel的操作方法。

• HSSF － 提供读写 Microsoft ExcelXLS格式档案的功能。
• XSSF － 提供读写 Microsoft ExcelOOXML XLSX格式档案的功能。
• HWPF － 提供读写 Microsoft WordDOC格式档案的功能。
• HSLF － 提供读写 MicrosoftPowerPoint格式档案的功能。
• HDGF － 提供读 Microsoft Visio格式档案的功能。
• HPBF － 提供读 MicrosoftPublisher格式档案的功能。
• HSMF － 提供读 Microsoft Outlook格式档案的功能。

EXCEL单元格样式设置：

    // 创建字体  HSSFFont font = wb.createFont();  // 设置字体为红色  font.setColor(HSSFFont.COLOR_RED);   // 设置字体为粗体  font.setBoldweight(HSSFFont.BOLDWEIGHT_BOLD);   // 创建单元格格式  HSSFCellStyle cellStyle= wb.createCellStyle();  // 设置字体  cellStyle.setFont(font);   // 设置水平居中  cellStyle.setAlignment(CellStyle.ALIGN_CENTER);  // 设置垂直靠下  cellStyle.setVerticalAlignment(CellStyle.VERTICAL_BOTTOM);  // 设置左边框为双线  cellStyle.setBorderLeft(CellStyle.BORDER_DOUBLE);  // 设置背景色为蓝色  cellStyle.setFillBackgroundColor(new HSSFColor.BLUE().getIndex());  // 设置前景色为黄色  cellStyle.setFillForegroundColor(new HSSFColor.YELLOW().getIndex());   

Excel导出：

第一种，利用JAVA反射导出：

POIExcelUtil 类：

import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFWorkbook;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Cell;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.CreationHelper;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Row;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Sheet;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Workbook;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFWorkbook;public class POIExcelUtil {public static final String FILE_EXTENSION_XLS = "xls";public static final String FILE_EXTENSION_XLSX = "xlsx";/*** * @param Map*            <String,String> maps 属性表，成员属性age为KEY，中文名称为VALUE* @param List*            <T> list 需要导出的数据列表对象* @param File*            file 指定输出文件位置，只能导出excel2003以上版本*            * @return true 导出成功 false 导出失败*/public static <T> boolean excelExport(Map<String, String> maps, List<T> list, File file) {try {Workbook wb = null;String filename = file.getName();String type = filename.substring(filename.lastIndexOf(".")+1).toLowerCase();if (type.equals(FILE_EXTENSION_XLS)) {wb = new HSSFWorkbook();}if (type.equals(FILE_EXTENSION_XLSX)) {wb = new XSSFWorkbook();}CreationHelper createHelper = wb.getCreationHelper();Sheet sheet = wb.createSheet("sheet1");Set<String> sets = maps.keySet();Row row = sheet.createRow(0);int i = 0;// 定义表头for (Iterator<String> it = sets.iterator(); it.hasNext();) {String key = it.next();Cell cell = row.createCell(i++);cell.setCellValue(createHelper.createRichTextString(maps.get(key)));}// 填充表单内容System.out.println("--------------------100%");float avg = list.size() / 20f;int count = 1;for (int j = 0; j < list.size(); j++) {T p = list.get(j);Class classType = p.getClass();int index = 0;Row row1 = sheet.createRow(j+1);for (Iterator<String> it = sets.iterator(); it.hasNext();) {String key = it.next();String firstLetter = key.substring(0, 1).toUpperCase();// 获得和属性对应的getXXX()方法的名字String getMethodName = "get" + firstLetter+ key.substring(1);// 获得和属性对应的getXXX()方法Method getMethod = classType.getMethod(getMethodName,new Class[] {});// 调用原对象的getXXX()方法Object value = getMethod.invoke(p, new Object[] {});Cell cell = row1.createCell(index++);cell.setCellValue(value.toString());}if (j > avg * count) {count++;System.out.print("I");}if (count == 20) {System.out.print("I100%");count++;}}FileOutputStream fileOut = new FileOutputStream(file);wb.write(fileOut);fileOut.close();} catch (IOException e) {e.printStackTrace();return false;} catch (SecurityException e) {e.printStackTrace();return false;} catch (NoSuchMethodException e) {e.printStackTrace();return false;} catch (IllegalArgumentException e) {e.printStackTrace();return false;} catch (IllegalAccessException e) {e.printStackTrace();return false;} catch (InvocationTargetException e) {e.printStackTrace();return false;}return true;}
}

第二种：利用JAVA反射和Annotation导出

POIExcelAnnotation 类：

@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Target(ElementType.FIELD)
public @interface POIExcelAnnotation {public String titleName();
}

POIExcelUtil 类：

import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFFont;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFWorkbook;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Cell;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.CellStyle;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.CreationHelper;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Font;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Row;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Sheet;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Workbook;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFWorkbook;public class POIExcelUtil {public static final String FILE_EXTENSION_XLS = "xls";public static final String FILE_EXTENSION_XLSX = "xlsx";/*** * @param sheetName sheet名称* @param pojoClass POJO对象类* @param list  导出数据列表* @param file  file 指定输出文件* @return true 导出成功  false 导出失败*/public static <T> boolean excelAnnotationExport(String sheetName ,Class<T> pojoClass,List<T> list, File file) {try {Workbook wb = null;String filename = file.getName();String type = filename.substring(filename.lastIndexOf(".")+1).toLowerCase();if (type.equals(FILE_EXTENSION_XLS)) {wb = new HSSFWorkbook();}if (type.equals(FILE_EXTENSION_XLSX)) {wb = new XSSFWorkbook();}CreationHelper createHelper = wb.getCreationHelper();Sheet sheet = wb.createSheet(sheetName);// 标题  List<String> fieldTitle = new ArrayList<String>(); //方法列表，对应表头List<Method> methodObj = new ArrayList<Method>();  // 得到所有字段  Field fileds[] = pojoClass.getDeclaredFields();  // 遍历整个filed  for (int i = 0; i < fileds.length; i++) {  Field field = fileds[i];  POIExcelAnnotation annotation = field.getAnnotation(POIExcelAnnotation.class);  // 如果设置了annottion  if (annotation != null) {  // 添加到标题  fieldTitle.add(annotation.titleName()); // 添加到需要导出的字段的方法  String fieldName = field.getName();  String firstLetter = fieldName.substring(0, 1).toUpperCase();// 获得和属性对应的getXXX()方法的名String getMethodName = "get" + firstLetter+ fieldName.substring(1);// 获得和属性对应的getXXX()方法Method getMethod = pojoClass.getMethod(getMethodName,new Class[] {});    methodObj.add(getMethod);   }  }//设置表头粗体Font font = wb.createFont();font.setBoldweight(HSSFFont.BOLDWEIGHT_BOLD);CellStyle style = wb.createCellStyle();style.setFont(font);//填充表头内容Row row = sheet.createRow(0);for(int i=0;i<fieldTitle.size();i++){String title = fieldTitle.get(i);Cell cell = row.createCell(i);cell.setCellStyle(style);cell.setCellValue(createHelper.createRichTextString(title));}// 填充表单内容System.out.println("--------------------100%");float avg = list.size() / 20f;int count = 1;for (int j = 0; j < list.size(); j++) {T p = list.get(j);Row row1 = sheet.createRow(j+1);  for (int k=0;k<methodObj.size();k++) {Method getMethod = methodObj.get(k);Object value = getMethod.invoke(p, new Object[] {});Cell cell = row1.createCell(k);cell.setCellValue(value.toString());}if (j > avg * count) {count++;System.out.print("I");}if (count == 20) {System.out.println("I100%");count++;}}FileOutputStream fileOut = new FileOutputStream(file);wb.write(fileOut);fileOut.close();} catch (IOException e) {e.printStackTrace();return false;} catch (SecurityException e) {e.printStackTrace();return false;} catch (NoSuchMethodException e) {e.printStackTrace();return false;} catch (IllegalArgumentException e) {e.printStackTrace();return false;} catch (IllegalAccessException e) {e.printStackTrace();return false;} catch (InvocationTargetException e) {e.printStackTrace();return false;}return true;}
}

调用方法截取代码：

public static void main(String args[]){   List<JavaBean> demo = ****;Map<String,String> maps = new LinkedHashMap<String,String>();maps.put("uid", "帐号");maps.put("cn", "姓名");maps.put("dept", "部门");maps.put("mail", "邮箱");Properties props = System.getProperties();String USER_HOME = props.getProperty("user.home");File file = new File(USER_HOME + "/Desktop/excelExport.xlsx");POIExcelUtil.excelExport(maps, demo , file);
}

Excel导入：

import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFFont;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFWorkbook;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Cell;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.CellStyle;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.CreationHelper;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Font;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Row;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Sheet;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Workbook;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFWorkbook;public class POIExcelUtil {public static final String FILE_EXTENSION_XLS = "xls";public static final String FILE_EXTENSION_XLSX = "xlsx";@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")public static List importExcel(File file ){List list = new ArrayList();Workbook wb = null;String filename = file.getName();String type = filename.substring(filename.lastIndexOf(".")+1).toLowerCase();if (type.equals(FILE_EXTENSION_XLS)) {wb = new HSSFWorkbook();}if (type.equals(FILE_EXTENSION_XLSX)) {wb = new XSSFWorkbook();}Sheet sheet  = wb.getSheetAt(0);for(int i=1;i<sheet.getLastRowNum();i++){Row row = sheet.getRow(i);//以下代码，根据需求自由变化for(int j=0;j<row.getLastCellNum();j++){Cell cell = row.getCell(j);    list.add(cell.getRichStringCellValue().getString());}}return list;}
}