#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-'''
批量修改照片文件名称的Python脚本程序。
遍历指定目录（含子目录）的照片文件，根据拍照时间将照片文件名修改为以下格式：
20140315_091230.jpg (%Y%m%d_%H%M%S)由于文件名已经精确到秒，理论上重名的概率非常小。
如果需要考虑到重名的问题，可以对本程序进行进一步的优化。！该程序需要安装exifread模块，否则无法使用。
例如，Linux/Mac OS X下命令行安装该模块：sudo pip install exifread
'''import os
import stat
import time
import exifread
MY_DATE_FORMAT = '%Y%m%d_%H%M%S'SUFFIX_FILTER = [ '.jpg' , '.png' , '.mpg' , '.mp4' , '.thm' , '.bmp' , '.jpeg' , '.avi' , '.mov' ]
DELETE_FILES = [ 'thumbs.db' , 'sample.dat' ]def isFormatedFileName ( filename ) :#判断是否已经是格式化过的文件名try :filename_nopath = os.path . basename ( filename )f , e = os.path . splitext ( filename_nopath )time . strptime ( f , MY_DATE_FORMAT )return Trueexcept ValueError :return Falsedef isTargetedFileType ( filename ) :#根据文件扩展名，判断是否是需要处理的文件类型filename_nopath = os.path . basename ( filename )f , e = os.path . splitext ( filename_nopath )if e . lower ( ) in SUFFIX_FILTER :return Trueelse :return Falsedef isDeleteFile ( filename ) :#判断是否是指定要删除的文件filename_nopath = os.path . basename ( filename )if filename_nopath . lower ( ) in DELETE_FILES :return Trueelse :return Falsedef generateNewFileName ( filename ) :#根据照片的拍照时间生成新的文件名（如果获取不到拍照时间，则使用文件的创建时间）try :if os.path . isfile ( filename ) :fd = open ( filename , 'rb' )else :raise "[%s] is not a file!\n" % filenameexcept :raise "unopen file[%s]\n" % filenamedata = exifread . process_file ( fd )if data :#取得照片的拍摄日期try :t = data [ 'EXIF DateTimeOriginal' ]#转换成 yyyymmdd_hhmmss的格式dateStr = str ( t ) . replace ( ":" , "" ) [ : 10 ] + "_" + str ( t ) [ 11 : ] . replace ( ":" , "" )except :pass#如果没有取得exif信息，则用图像文件的创建日期作为拍摄日期state = os . stat ( filename )dateStr = time . strftime ( MY_DATE_FORMAT , time . localtime ( state [ - 2 ] ) )dirname = os.path . dirname ( filename )filename_nopath = os.path . basename ( filename )f , e = os.path . splitext ( filename_nopath )newFileName = os.path . join ( dirname , dateStr + e ) . lower ( )return newFileNamedef scandir ( startdir ) :#遍历指定目录以及子目录，对满足条件的文件进行改名或删除处理
     os . chdir ( startdir )for obj in os . listdir ( os . curdir ) :if os.path . isfile ( obj ) :if isTargetedFileType ( obj ) and isFormatedFileName ( obj ) == False :#对满足过滤条件的文件进行改名处理newFileName = generateNewFileName ( obj )print "rename [%s] => [%s]" % ( obj , newFileName )os . rename ( obj , newFileName )elif isDeleteFile ( obj ) :#删除制定的文件print "delete [%s]: " % objos . remove ( obj )else :passif os.path . isdir ( obj ) :scandir ( obj )os . chdir ( os . pardir )if __name__ == "__main__" :path = "/Users/abc/www/img"scandir ( path )