Win10系统下MySQL 8.0.20安装和配置超详细教程

MySQL下载

MySQL直接去官网下载就行，选择community版本(免费)下载，链接。

在select operating system中选择Microsoft Windows，下方对应出现最新版本的MySQL，目前是MySQL 8.0.20，有两个zip文件，选择第一个Windows (x86, 64-bit), ZIP Archive点击右侧的Download按钮进行下载

官网下载有时速度比较慢，直接点击链接也可以下载：mysql 8.0.20

安装与配置

将下载好的压缩包解压缩到全英文目录下，比如我在D盘新建了MySQL文件夹，解压到该文件夹下，D:/MySQL

然后把mysql 8.0.20所在的路径D:\MySQL\mysql-8.0.20-winx64添加到环境变量Path中

接下来正式安装和配置MySQL：

(一)首先在D:\MySQL\mysql-8.0.20-winx64路径下创建一个my.ini文件，直接新建文本文档，然后重命名为my.ini即可。

在文档中添加以下内容：

(注意修改basedir和datadir的路径)

[mysqld]

# 设置3306端口

port=3306

# 设置mysql的安装目录

basedir=D:\\MySQL\\mysql-8.0.20-winx64 # 此处为mysql的解压缩路径

# 设置mysql数据库的数据的存放目录

datadir=D:\\MySQL\\mysql-8.0.20-winx64\\Data # 此处同上，先不要在路径中创建Data目录，后面初始化时会自动生成

# 允许最大连接数

max_connections=200

# 允许连接失败的次数。这是为了防止有人从该主机试图攻击数据库系统

max_connect_errors=10

# 服务端使用的字符集默认为UTF8

character-set-server=utf8

# 创建新表时将使用的默认存储引擎

default-storage-engine=INNODB

# 默认使用“mysql_native_password”插件认证

default_authentication_plugin=mysql_native_password

[mysql]

# 设置mysql客户端默认字符集

default-character-set=utf8

[client]

# 设置mysql客户端连接服务端时默认使用的端口

port=3306

default-character-set=utf8

(二)以管理员权限打开cmd(注意要以管理员权限打开)，并将路径切换到D:\MySQL\mysql-8.0.20-winx64\bin

Microsoft Windows [Version 10.0.18363.815]

(c) 2019 Microsoft Corporation。保留所有权利。

C:\Windows\system32>D:

D:\>cd MySQL

D:\MySQL>cd mysql-8.0.20-winx64

D:\MySQL\mysql-8.0.20-winx64>cd bin

D:\MySQL\mysql-8.0.20-winx64\bin>

输入mysqld --initialize --console，进行初始化。该步可以得到mysql的初始密码，root@localhost后面那一串就是初始密码，先记录下来，待会要用到

D:\MySQL\mysql-8.0.20-winx64\bin>mysqld --initialize --console

2020-05-10T11:26:21.895908Z 0 [System] [MY-013169] [Server] D:\MySQL\mysql-8.0.20-winx64\bin\mysqld.exe (mysqld 8.0.20) initializing of server in progress as process 9764

2020-05-10T11:26:21.897278Z 0 [Warning] [MY-013242] [Server] --character-set-server: 'utf8' is currently an alias for the character set UTF8MB3, but will be an alias for UTF8MB4 in a future release.

Please consider using UTF8MB4 in order to be unambiguous.

2020-05-10T11:26:21.915225Z 1 [System] [MY-013576] [InnoDB] InnoDB initialization has started.

2020-05-10T11:26:22.619057Z 1 [System] [MY-013577] [InnoDB] InnoDB initialization has ended.

2020-05-10T11:26:24.265774Z 6 [Note] [MY-010454] [Server] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: 9Zh31zk-@mof

输入mysqld --install(如果需要安装多个mysql服务，这步输入mysqld --install [服务名])

D:\MySQL\mysql-8.0.20-winx64\bin>mysqld --install

Service successfully installed.

显示Service successfully installed则说明安装成功

输入net start mysql，启动MySQL服务

D:\MySQL\mysql-8.0.20-winx64\bin>net start mysql

The MySQL service is starting.

The MySQL service was started successfully.

输入mysql -u root -p，使用初始密码登录mysql，在Enter password后输入初始密码

D:\MySQL\mysql-8.0.20-winx64\bin>mysql -u root -p

Enter password: ************

Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.

Your MySQL connection id is 8

Server version: 8.0.20

Copyright (c) 2000, 2020, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its

affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective

owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

登录后，把初始密码修改掉，可以设置成自己容易记住的密码。

输入ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY '自己定义的密码';(分号一定要带)

mysql> ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY '自己定义的密码;

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)

到这一步就完成了

输入show database;，可以查看包含哪些数据表

mysql> show databases;

+--------------------+

| Database |

+--------------------+

| information_schema |

| mysql |

| performance_schema |

| sys |

+--------------------+

4 rows in set (0.01 sec)

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