fastdfs是一个开源的，高性能的的分布式文件系统，他主要的功能包括：文件存储，同步和访问，设计基于高可用和负载均衡，fastfd非常适用于基于文件服务的站点，例如图片分享和视频分享网站

fastfds有两个角色：跟踪服务和存储服务，跟踪服务控制，调度文件以负载均衡的方式访问；存储服务包括：文件存储，文件同步，提供文件访问接口，同时以key value的方式管理文件的元数据

跟踪和存储服务可以由1台或者多台服务器组成，同时可以动态的添加，删除跟踪和存储服务而不会对在线的服务产生影响，在集群中，tracker服务是对等的

存储系统由一个或多个卷组成，卷与卷之间的文件是相互独立的，所有卷的文件容量累加就是整个存储系统中的文件容量。一个卷可以由一台或多台存储服务器组成，一个卷下的存储服务器中的文件都是相同的，卷中的多台存储服务器起到了冗余备份和负载均衡的作用。在卷中增加服务器时，同步已有的文件由系统自动完成，同步完成后，系统自动将新增服务器切换到线上提供服务。当存储空间不足或即将耗尽时，可以动态添加卷。只需要增加一台或多台服务器，并将它们配置为一个新的卷，这样就扩大了存储系统的容量。

下面几张图可以清楚的说明fastfds的架构和文件上传和下载流程等：

下面将介绍下fastdfs的部署过程

tracker服务器：192.168.0.1/24

storage服务器：192.168.0.2/24

1,编译安装

wget https://github.com/downloads/libevent/libevent/libevent-1.4.14b-stable.tar.gz

wget https://fastdfs.googlecode.com/files/FastDFS_v4.06.tar.gz

1)安装fastdfs所需的libevent库

tar -zxf libevent-1.4.14b-stable.tar.gz

cd libevent-1.4.14b-stable

./configure --prefix=/usr/local/libevent

make && make install

2）安装fastdfs

tar -zxf FastDFS_v4.06.tar.gz

cd FastDFS

./make.sh C_INCLUDE_PATH=/usr/local/libevent/include LIBRARY_PATH=/usr/local/libevent/lib

./make.sh install

echo '/usr/local/libevent/include/' >> /etc/ld.so.conf

echo '/usr/local/libevent/lib/' >> /etc/ld.so.conf

ldconfig

这里的Tracker和Storage安装方法一样，仅存在配置差异，所以storage的安装此处省略，只说明配置文件

3）配置Tracker

3-1）Tracker配置

安装完毕后，会自动在/etc/fdfs/生成配置文件，这里只配置跟Tracker相关的配置文件，tracker.conf，具体如下：

# is this config file disabled

# false for enabled

# true for disabled

disabled=false

# bind an address of this host

# empty for bind all addresses of this host

bind_addr=

# the tracker server port

port=22122

# connect timeout in seconds

# default value is 30s

connect_timeout=30

# network timeout in seconds

# default value is 30s

network_timeout=60

# the base path to store data and log files

base_path=/home/storage1/fastdfs

# max concurrent connections this server supported

max_connections=256

# work thread count, should <= max_connections

# default value is 4

# since V2.00

work_threads=4

# the method of selecting group to upload files

# 0: round robin

# 1: specify group

# 2: load balance, select the max free space group to upload file

store_lookup=2

# which group to upload file

# when store_lookup set to 1, must set store_group to the group name

store_group=group2

# which storage server to upload file

# 0: round robin (default)

# 1: the first server order by ip address

# 2: the first server order by priority (the minimal)

store_server=0

# which path(means disk or mount point) of the storage server to upload file

# 0: round robin

# 2: load balance, select the max free space path to upload file

store_path=0

# which storage server to download file

# 0: round robin (default)

# 1: the source storage server which the current file uploaded to

download_server=0

# reserved storage space for system or other applications.

# if the free(available) space of any stoarge server in

# a group <= reserved_storage_space,

# no file can be uploaded to this group.

# bytes unit can be one of follows:

### G or g for gigabyte(GB)

### M or m for megabyte(MB)

### K or k for kilobyte(KB)

### no unit for byte(B)

### XX.XX% as ratio such as reserved_storage_space = 10%

reserved_storage_space = 10%

#standard log level as syslog, case insensitive, value list:

### emerg for emergency

### alert

### crit for critical

### error

### warn for warning

### notice

### info

### debug

log_level=info

#unix group name to run this program,

#not set (empty) means run by the group of current user

run_by_group=

#unix username to run this program,

#not set (empty) means run by current user

run_by_user=

# allow_hosts can ocur more than once, host can be hostname or ip address,

# "*" means match all ip addresses, can use range like this: 10.0.1.[1-15,20] or

# host[01-08,20-25].domain.com, for example:

# allow_hosts=10.0.1.[1-15,20]

# allow_hosts=host[01-08,20-25].domain.com

allow_hosts=*

# sync log buff to disk every interval seconds

# default value is 10 seconds

sync_log_buff_interval = 10

# check storage server alive interval seconds

check_active_interval = 120

# thread stack size, should >= 64KB

# default value is 64KB

thread_stack_size = 64KB

# auto adjust when the ip address of the storage server changed

# default value is true

storage_ip_changed_auto_adjust = true

# storage sync file max delay seconds

# default value is 86400 seconds (one day)

# since V2.00

storage_sync_file_max_delay = 86400

# the max time of storage sync a file

# default value is 300 seconds

# since V2.00

storage_sync_file_max_time = 300

# if use a trunk file to store several small files

# default value is false

# since V3.00

use_trunk_file = false

# the min slot size, should <= 4KB

# default value is 256 bytes

# since V3.00

slot_min_size = 256

# the max slot size, should > slot_min_size

# store the upload file to trunk file when it's size <=  this value

# default value is 16MB

# since V3.00

slot_max_size = 16MB

# the trunk file size, should >= 4MB

# default value is 64MB

# since V3.00

trunk_file_size = 64MB

# if create trunk file advancely

# default value is false

# since V3.06

trunk_create_file_advance = false

# the time base to create trunk file

# the time format: HH:MM

# default value is 02:00

# since V3.06

trunk_create_file_time_base = 02:00

# the interval of create trunk file, unit: second

# default value is 38400 (one day)

# since V3.06

trunk_create_file_interval = 86400

# the threshold to create trunk file

# when the free trunk file size less than the threshold, will create

# the trunk files

# default value is 0

# since V3.06

trunk_create_file_space_threshold = 20G

# if check trunk space occupying when loading trunk free spaces

# the occupied spaces will be ignored

# default value is false

# since V3.09

# NOTICE: set this parameter to true will slow the loading of trunk spaces

# when startup. you should set this parameter to true when neccessary.

trunk_init_check_occupying = false

# if ignore storage_trunk.dat, reload from trunk binlog

# default value is false

# since V3.10

# set to true once for version upgrade when your version less than V3.10

trunk_init_reload_from_binlog = false

# if use storage ID instead of IP address

# default value is false

# since V4.00

use_storage_id = false

# specify storage ids filename, can use relative or absolute path

# since V4.00

storage_ids_filename = storage_ids.conf

# id type of the storage server in the filename, values are:

## ip: the ip address of the storage server

## id: the server id of the storage server

# this paramter is valid only when use_storage_id set to true

# default value is ip

# since V4.03

id_type_in_filename = ip

# if store slave file use symbol link

# default value is false

# since V4.01

store_slave_file_use_link = false

# if rotate the error log every day

# default value is false

# since V4.02

rotate_error_log = false

# rotate error log time base, time format: Hour:Minute

# Hour from 0 to 23, Minute from 0 to 59

# default value is 00:00

# since V4.02

error_log_rotate_time=00:00

# rotate error log when the log file exceeds this size

# 0 means never rotates log file by log file size

# default value is 0

# since V4.02

rotate_error_log_size = 0

# if use connection pool

# default value is false

# since V4.05

use_connection_pool = false

# connections whose the idle time exceeds this time will be closed

# unit: second

# default value is 3600

# since V4.05

connection_pool_max_idle_time = 3600

# HTTP port on this tracker server

http.server_port=8080

# check storage HTTP server alive interval seconds

# <= 0 for never check

# default value is 30

http.check_alive_interval=30

# check storage HTTP server alive type, values are:

#   tcp : connect to the storge server with HTTP port only,

#        do not request and get response

#   http: storage check alive url must return http status 200

# default value is tcp

http.check_alive_type=tcp

# check storage HTTP server alive uri/url

# NOTE: storage embed HTTP server support uri: /status.html

http.check_alive_uri=/status.html

配置完后，mkdir -p /home/storage1/fastdfs

启动fastdfs：/usr/local/bin/fdfst_tracker /etc/fdfs/tracker.conf

netstat -ntpl |grep fdfs

tcp        0      0 192.168.0.1:23000        0.0.0.0:*                   LISTEN

14451/fdfs_storaged

OK,启动完毕，下面来配置storage（这里storage配置文件里，group_name默认是group1，可根据自己需求修改活着不修改）

vi /etc/fdfs/storage.conf

# is this config file disabled

# false for enabled

# true for disabled

disabled=false

# the name of the group this storage server belongs to

group_name=g1

# bind an address of this host

# empty for bind all addresses of this host

bind_addr=

# if bind an address of this host when connect to other servers

# (this storage server as a client)

# true for binding the address configed by above parameter: "bind_addr"

# false for binding any address of this host

client_bind=true

# the storage server port

port=23000

# connect timeout in seconds

# default value is 30s

connect_timeout=30

# network timeout in seconds

# default value is 30s

network_timeout=60

# heart beat interval in seconds

heart_beat_interval=30

# disk usage report interval in seconds

stat_report_interval=60

# the base path to store data and log files

base_path=/home/storage1/fastdfs

# max concurrent connections the server supported

# default value is 256

# more max_connections means more memory will be used

max_connections=256

# the buff size to recv / send data

# this parameter must more than 8KB

# default value is 64KB

# since V2.00

buff_size = 256KB

# work thread count, should <= max_connections

# work thread deal network io

# default value is 4

# since V2.00

work_threads=4

# if disk read / write separated

##  false for mixed read and write

##  true for separated read and write

# default value is true

# since V2.00

disk_rw_separated = true

# disk reader thread count per store base path

# for mixed read / write, this parameter can be 0

# default value is 1

# since V2.00

disk_reader_threads = 1

# disk writer thread count per store base path

# for mixed read / write, this parameter can be 0

# default value is 1

# since V2.00

disk_writer_threads = 1

# when no entry to sync, try read binlog again after X milliseconds

# must > 0, default value is 200ms

sync_wait_msec=50

# after sync a file, usleep milliseconds

# 0 for sync successively (never call usleep)

sync_interval=0

# storage sync start time of a day, time format: Hour:Minute

# Hour from 0 to 23, Minute from 0 to 59

sync_start_time=00:00

# storage sync end time of a day, time format: Hour:Minute

# Hour from 0 to 23, Minute from 0 to 59

sync_end_time=23:59

# write to the mark file after sync N files

# default value is 500

write_mark_file_freq=500

# path(disk or mount point) count, default value is 1

store_path_count=1

# store_path#, based 0, if store_path0 not exists, it's value is base_path

# the paths must be exist

store_path0=/home/storage1/fastdfs

#store_path1=/home/yuqing/fastdfs2

# subdir_count  * subdir_count directories will be auto created under each

# store_path (disk), value can be 1 to 256, default value is 256

subdir_count_per_path=256

# tracker_server can ocur more than once, and tracker_server format is

#  "host:port", host can be hostname or ip address

tracker_server=192.168.0.1:22122

#standard log level as syslog, case insensitive, value list:

### emerg for emergency

### alert

### crit for critical

### error

### warn for warning

### notice

### info

### debug

log_level=info

#unix group name to run this program,

#not set (empty) means run by the group of current user

run_by_group=

#unix username to run this program,

#not set (empty) means run by current user

run_by_user=

# allow_hosts can ocur more than once, host can be hostname or ip address,

# "*" means match all ip addresses, can use range like this: 10.0.1.[1-15,20] or

# host[01-08,20-25].domain.com, for example:

# allow_hosts=10.0.1.[1-15,20]

# allow_hosts=host[01-08,20-25].domain.com

allow_hosts=*

# the mode of the files distributed to the data path

# 0: round robin(default)

# 1: random, distributted by hash code

file_distribute_path_mode=0

# valid when file_distribute_to_path is set to 0 (round robin),

# when the written file count reaches this number, then rotate to next path

# default value is 100

file_distribute_rotate_count=100

# call fsync to disk when write big file

# 0: never call fsync

# other: call fsync when written bytes >= this bytes

# default value is 0 (never call fsync)

fsync_after_written_bytes=0

# sync log buff to disk every interval seconds

# must > 0, default value is 10 seconds

sync_log_buff_interval=10

# sync binlog buff / cache to disk every interval seconds

# default value is 60 seconds

sync_binlog_buff_interval=10

# sync storage stat info to disk every interval seconds

# default value is 300 seconds

sync_stat_file_interval=300

# thread stack size, should >= 512KB

# default value is 512KB

thread_stack_size=512KB

# the priority as a source server for uploading file.

# the lower this value, the higher its uploading priority.

# default value is 10

upload_priority=10

# the NIC alias prefix, such as eth in Linux, you can see it by ifconfig -a

# multi aliases split by comma. empty value means auto set by OS type

# default values is empty

if_alias_prefix=

# if check file duplicate, when set to true, use FastDHT to store file indexes

# 1 or yes: need check

# 0 or no: do not check

# default value is 0

check_file_duplicate=0

# file signature method for check file duplicate

## hash: four 32 bits hash code

## md5: MD5 signature

# default value is hash

# since V4.01

file_signature_method=hash

# namespace for storing file indexes (key-value pairs)

# this item must be set when check_file_duplicate is true / on

key_namespace=FastDFS

# set keep_alive to 1 to enable persistent connection with FastDHT servers

# default value is 0 (short connection)

keep_alive=0

# you can use "#include filename" (not include double quotes) directive to

# load FastDHT server list, when the filename is a relative path such as

# pure filename, the base path is the base path of current/this config file.

# must set FastDHT server list when check_file_duplicate is true / on

# please see INSTALL of FastDHT for detail

##include /home/yuqing/fastdht/conf/fdht_servers.conf

# if log to access log

# default value is false

# since V4.00

use_access_log = false

# if rotate the access log every day

# default value is false

# since V4.00

rotate_access_log = false

# rotate access log time base, time format: Hour:Minute

# Hour from 0 to 23, Minute from 0 to 59

# default value is 00:00

# since V4.00

access_log_rotate_time=00:00

# if rotate the error log every day

# default value is false

# since V4.02

rotate_error_log = false

# rotate error log time base, time format: Hour:Minute

# Hour from 0 to 23, Minute from 0 to 59

# default value is 00:00

# since V4.02

error_log_rotate_time=00:00

# rotate access log when the log file exceeds this size

# 0 means never rotates log file by log file size

# default value is 0

# since V4.02

rotate_access_log_size = 0

# rotate error log when the log file exceeds this size

# 0 means never rotates log file by log file size

# default value is 0

# since V4.02

rotate_error_log_size = 0

# if skip the invalid record when sync file

# default value is false

# since V4.02

file_sync_skip_invalid_record=false

# if use connection pool

# default value is false

# since V4.05

use_connection_pool = false

# connections whose the idle time exceeds this time will be closed

# unit: second

# default value is 3600

# since V4.05

connection_pool_max_idle_time = 3600

# use the ip address of this storage server if domain_name is empty,

# else this domain name will ocur in the url redirected by the tracker server

http.domain_name=

# the port of the web server on this storage server

http.server_port=80

mkdir -p /home/storage1/fastdfs

启动storage：/usr/local/bin/fdfs_storage /etc/fdfs/storage.conf

好了，这里就全部配置完成了，由于fastdfs最新版本取消了内置的http服务，我们需要从直接从storage服务get图片，因此还需要给storage安装一个http服务，也可以把相关p_w_picpath服务直接部署在stroage上，nginx，apache都可以，此处以nginx为例：