Direct3D学习笔记(一)——精灵(Bomo_catcher游戏)
2024-05-10 00:21:22
一、Visual Studio 2015设置
1、Bomo_Catcher属性-常规-字符集-使用多字节字符集
2、Bomo_Catcher属性- VC++目录-包含目录 C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft DirectX SDK (February 2010)\Include
3、Bomo_Catcher属性- VC++目录-库目录 C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft DirectX SDK (February 2010)\Lib\x86
二、MydirectX.h
#pragma once //header files
#define WIN32_EXTRA_LEAN
#define DIRECTINPUT_VERSION 0x0800
#include <windows.h>
#include <d3d9.h>
#include <d3dx9.h>
#include <dinput.h>
#include <xinput.h>
#include <ctime>
#include <iostream>
#include <iomanip>
#include <sstream>
using namespace std;//libraries
#pragma comment(lib,"winmm.lib")
#pragma comment(lib,"user32.lib")
#pragma comment(lib,"gdi32.lib")
#pragma comment(lib,"dxguid.lib")
#pragma comment(lib,"d3d9.lib")
#pragma comment(lib,"d3dx9.lib")
#pragma comment(lib,"dinput8.lib")
#pragma comment(lib,"xinput.lib") //program values
extern const string APPTITLE;
extern const int SCREENW;
extern const int SCREENH;
extern bool gameover;//Direct3D objects
extern LPDIRECT3D9 d3d;
extern LPDIRECT3DDEVICE9 d3ddev;
extern LPDIRECT3DSURFACE9 backbuffer;
extern LPD3DXSPRITE spriteobj; //纹理
extern LPD3DXFONT font; //文字
extern LPDIRECTINPUT8 dinput;
extern LPDIRECTINPUTDEVICE8 dimouse;
extern LPDIRECTINPUTDEVICE8 dikeyboard;
//extern ID3DXFont* g_pFont = NULL;
extern DIMOUSESTATE mouse_state;
extern XINPUT_GAMEPAD controllers[4];//Direct3D functions
bool Direct3D_Init(HWND hwnd, int width, int height, bool fullscreen);
void Direct3D_Shutdown();
LPDIRECT3DSURFACE9 LoadSurface(string filename);
LPD3DXFONT MakeFont(string name, int size); //设置字体
void DrawSurface(LPDIRECT3DSURFACE9 dest, float x, float y, LPDIRECT3DSURFACE9 source);//DirectInput objects, devices, and states //DirectInput functions
bool DirectInput_Init(HWND);
void DirectInput_Update();
void DirectInput_Shutdown();
int Key_Down(int);
int Mouse_Button(int);
int Mouse_X();
int Mouse_Y();
void XInput_Vibrate(int contNum = 0, int amount = 65535);
bool XInput_Controller_Found();//game functions
bool Game_Init(HWND window);
void Game_Run(HWND window);void MouseUpdate();
void KeyBoardUpdate();
void XInputUpdate();
void Game_End();D3DXVECTOR2 GetBitmapSize(string filename);
LPDIRECT3DTEXTURE9 LoadTexture(string filename, D3DCOLOR transcolor = D3DCOLOR_XRGB(0, 0, 0));
void FontPrint(LPD3DXFONT font, int x, int y, string text, D3DCOLOR color = D3DCOLOR_XRGB(255, 255, 255));
三、MyDirectX.cpp
#include "MyDirectX.h"
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;//Direct3D variables
LPDIRECT3D9 d3d = NULL;
LPDIRECT3DDEVICE9 d3ddev = NULL;
LPDIRECT3DSURFACE9 backbuffer = NULL;//DirectInput variables
LPDIRECTINPUT8 dinput = NULL;
LPDIRECTINPUTDEVICE8 dimouse = NULL;
LPDIRECTINPUTDEVICE8 dikeyboard = NULL;
DIMOUSESTATE mouse_state;
char keys[256];
XINPUT_GAMEPAD controllers[4];/**
** Direct3D initialization
**/
bool Direct3D_Init(HWND window, int width, int height, bool fullscreen)
{//initialize Direct3D d3d = Direct3DCreate9(D3D_SDK_VERSION);if (!d3d) return false;//set Direct3D presentation parameters D3DPRESENT_PARAMETERS d3dpp;ZeroMemory(&d3dpp, sizeof(d3dpp));d3dpp.Windowed = (!fullscreen);d3dpp.SwapEffect = D3DSWAPEFFECT_COPY;d3dpp.BackBufferFormat = D3DFMT_X8R8G8B8;d3dpp.BackBufferCount = 1;d3dpp.BackBufferWidth = width;d3dpp.BackBufferHeight = height;d3dpp.hDeviceWindow = window;//create Direct3D device d3d->CreateDevice(D3DADAPTER_DEFAULT, D3DDEVTYPE_HAL, window,D3DCREATE_SOFTWARE_VERTEXPROCESSING, &d3dpp, &d3ddev);if (!d3ddev) return false;//get a pointer to the back buffer surface d3ddev->GetBackBuffer(0, 0, D3DBACKBUFFER_TYPE_MONO, &backbuffer);D3DXCreateSprite(d3ddev, &spriteobj); //纹理return true;
}/**
** Direct3D shutdown
**/
void Direct3D_Shutdown()
{ if (spriteobj)spriteobj->Release(); if (d3ddev) d3ddev->Release();if (d3d) d3d->Release();
}/**
** Draws a surface to the screen using StretchRect
**/
void DrawSurface(LPDIRECT3DSURFACE9 dest, float x, float y, LPDIRECT3DSURFACE9 source)
{//get width/height from source surface D3DSURFACE_DESC desc;source->GetDesc(&desc);//create rects for drawing RECT source_rect = { 0, 0, (long)desc.Width, (long)desc.Height };RECT dest_rect = { (long)x, (long)y, (long)x + desc.Width, (long)y + desc.Height };//draw the source surface onto the dest d3ddev->StretchRect(source, &source_rect, dest, &dest_rect, D3DTEXF_NONE);}/**
** Loads a bitmap file into a surface
**/
LPDIRECT3DSURFACE9 LoadSurface(string filename)
{LPDIRECT3DSURFACE9 image = NULL;//get width and height from bitmap file D3DXIMAGE_INFO info;HRESULT result = D3DXGetImageInfoFromFile(filename.c_str(), &info);if (result != D3D_OK)return NULL;//create surface result = d3ddev->CreateOffscreenPlainSurface(info.Width, //width of the surface info.Height, //height of the surface D3DFMT_X8R8G8B8, //surface format D3DPOOL_DEFAULT, //memory pool to use &image, //pointer to the surface NULL); //reserved (always NULL) if (result != D3D_OK) return NULL;//load surface from file into newly created surface result = D3DXLoadSurfaceFromFile(image, //destination surface NULL, //destination palette NULL, //destination rectangle filename.c_str(), //source filename NULL, //source rectangle D3DX_DEFAULT, //controls how image is filtered D3DCOLOR_XRGB(0, 0, 0), //for transparency (0 for none) NULL); //source image info (usually NULL) //make sure file was loaded okay if (result != D3D_OK) return NULL;return image;}LPDIRECT3DTEXTURE9 LoadTexture(string filename, D3DCOLOR transcolor) {LPDIRECT3DTEXTURE9 texture = NULL;D3DXIMAGE_INFO info;HRESULT result = D3DXGetImageInfoFromFile(filename.c_str(), &info);if (result != D3D_OK) return NULL;result = D3DXCreateTextureFromFileEx(d3ddev, filename.c_str(), info.Width, info.Height, 1, D3DPOOL_DEFAULT, D3DFMT_UNKNOWN, D3DPOOL_DEFAULT, D3DX_DEFAULT, D3DX_DEFAULT, transcolor, &info, NULL, &texture);if (result != D3D_OK) return NULL;return texture;
}
D3DXVECTOR2 GetBitmapSize(string filename) {D3DXIMAGE_INFO info;D3DXVECTOR2 size = D3DXVECTOR2(0.0f, 0.0f);HRESULT result = D3DXGetImageInfoFromFile(filename.c_str(), &info);if (result == D3D_OK) {size = D3DXVECTOR2((float)info.Width, (float)info.Height);}else {size = D3DXVECTOR2((float)info.Width, (float)info.Height);}return size;
}/**
** DirectInput initialization
**/
bool DirectInput_Init(HWND hwnd){//initialize DirectInput object HRESULT result = DirectInput8Create(GetModuleHandle(NULL),DIRECTINPUT_VERSION,IID_IDirectInput8,(void**)&dinput,NULL);//initialize the keyboard dinput->CreateDevice(GUID_SysKeyboard, &dikeyboard, NULL); //创建设备dikeyboard->SetDataFormat(&c_dfDIKeyboard); //格式dikeyboard->SetCooperativeLevel(hwnd, DISCL_NONEXCLUSIVE | DISCL_FOREGROUND); //协作级别dikeyboard->Acquire();//initialize the mouse dinput->CreateDevice(GUID_SysMouse, &dimouse, NULL);dimouse->SetDataFormat(&c_dfDIMouse);dimouse->SetCooperativeLevel(hwnd, DISCL_NONEXCLUSIVE | DISCL_FOREGROUND);dimouse->Acquire();d3ddev->ShowCursor(false);return true;
}/**
** DirectInput update
**/
void DirectInput_Update()
{//update mouse dimouse->GetDeviceState(sizeof(mouse_state), (LPVOID)&mouse_state);//update keyboard dikeyboard->GetDeviceState(sizeof(keys), (LPVOID)&keys);//update controllers for (int i = 0; i< 4; i++){ZeroMemory(&controllers[i], sizeof(XINPUT_GAMEPAD));//get the state of the controller XINPUT_STATE state;DWORD result = XInputGetState(i, &state);//store state in global controllers array if (result == 0) controllers[i] = state.Gamepad;}}/**
** Return mouse x movement
**/
int Mouse_X()
{return mouse_state.lX;
}/**
** Return mouse y movement
**/
int Mouse_Y()
{return mouse_state.lY;
}/**
** Return mouse button state
**/
int Mouse_Button(int button)
{return mouse_state.rgbButtons[button] & 0x80;
}/**
** Return key press state
**/
int Key_Down(int key)
{return (keys[key] & 0x80);
}/**
** DirectInput shutdown
**/
void DirectInput_Shutdown()
{if (dikeyboard){dikeyboard->Unacquire();dikeyboard->Release();dikeyboard = NULL;}if (dimouse){dimouse->Unacquire();dimouse->Release();dimouse = NULL;}
}/**
** Returns true if controller is plugged in
**/
bool XInput_Controller_Found()
{XINPUT_CAPABILITIES caps;ZeroMemory(&caps, sizeof(XINPUT_CAPABILITIES));XInputGetCapabilities(0, XINPUT_FLAG_GAMEPAD, &caps);if (caps.Type != 0) return false;return true;
}/**
** Vibrates the controller
**/
void XInput_Vibrate(int contNum, int amount)
{XINPUT_VIBRATION vibration;ZeroMemory(&vibration, sizeof(XINPUT_VIBRATION));vibration.wLeftMotorSpeed = amount;vibration.wRightMotorSpeed = amount;XInputSetState(contNum, &vibration);
}void FontPrint(LPD3DXFONT font, int x, int y, string text, D3DCOLOR color)
{//figure out the text boundaryRECT rect = { x, y, 0, 0 };font->DrawText(NULL, text.c_str(), text.length(), &rect, DT_CALCRECT, color);
}LPD3DXFONT MakeFont(string name, int size){D3DXFONT_DESC desc;ZeroMemory(&desc, sizeof(desc));desc.Height = size;desc.Width = 0;desc.Weight = 0;desc.MipLevels = 0;desc.Italic = FALSE;desc.CharSet = DEFAULT_CHARSET;desc.OutputPrecision = OUT_TT_PRECIS;desc.Quality = CLIP_DEFAULT_PRECIS;desc.PitchAndFamily = DEFAULT_PITCH;strcpy_s(desc.FaceName, name.c_str());D3DXCreateFontIndirect(d3ddev, &desc, &font);return font;}四、MyGame.cpp
#include "MyDirectX.h"
using namespace std;const string APPTITLE = "Bomb Catcher Game";
const int SCREENW = 1024;
const int SCREENH = 768;LPDIRECT3DTEXTURE9 bomb_surf = NULL;
LPDIRECT3DTEXTURE9 bucket_surf = NULL;
LPD3DXFONT font = NULL;
//在MyDirectX.h 文件中定义为extren 在使用的文件当中重新声明 否则会出现发现多个定义的错误
LPD3DXSPRITE spriteobj = NULL; //定义为null
struct BOMB
{float x, y;void reset(){ x = (float)(rand() % (SCREENW - 128));y = 0;}};BOMB bomb;struct BUCKET
{float x, y;
};BUCKET bucket;int score = 0;
float speek = 1.0f;
int vibrating = 0;/**
** Game initialization
**/
bool Game_Init(HWND window)
{Direct3D_Init(window, SCREENW, SCREENH, false);DirectInput_Init(window); //初始化输入设备bomb_surf = LoadTexture("F:/image/bomb.png");if (!bomb_surf) {MessageBox(window, "Error loading bomb", "Error", 0);return false;}bucket_surf = LoadTexture("F:/image/bucket.png");if (!bucket_surf) {MessageBox(window, "Error loading bucket", "Error", 0);return false;}font = MakeFont("Arial", 24);if (!font) {MessageBox(window, "Error Init Font", "Error", 0);return false;}srand((unsigned int)time(NULL));bomb.reset();bucket.x = 500;bucket.y = 630;/*if (FAILED(D3DXCreateFont(d3ddev, 36, 0, 0, 1, false, DEFAULT_CHARSET,OUT_DEFAULT_PRECIS, DEFAULT_QUALITY, 0, "score "+ score, &g_pFont))){return E_FAIL;}*/return true;
}void Game_Run(HWND window)
{if (!d3ddev) return;//update input devices DirectInput_Update();//bomb.y += 1.0f; 由于direct是左手坐标系 x,y,z(0,0,0) 的坐标为左上角bomb.y += speek;if (bomb.y > SCREENH){MessageBox(0, "Oh no, the bomb exploded!!", "YOU STINK", 0);gameover = true;}if (bomb.y == 0) {bomb.reset();}MouseUpdate(); //更新鼠标操作KeyBoardUpdate(); //更新键盘操作XInputUpdate(); //更新手柄操作if (bucket.x < 0) bucket.x = 0;if (bucket.x > SCREENW - 128) bucket.x = SCREENW - 128;int cx = bomb.x + 64;int cy = bomb.y + 64;//检测碰撞if (cx > bucket.x && cx < bucket.x + 128 && cy > bucket.y && cy < bucket.y + 128){if (score % 5 == 0) {speek+=1.0f;}score++;//char s[255];//sprintf_s(s, "%s [SCORE %d]", APPTITLE.c_str(), score);//SetWindowText(window, s);XInput_Vibrate(0, 65000);vibrating = 1;bomb.reset();}d3ddev->ColorFill(backbuffer, NULL, D3DCOLOR_XRGB(0, 0, 0));if (d3ddev->BeginScene()){ostringstream oss; //需要在头文件中 #include <sstream>oss << "Score = " << score;char s[255];FontPrint(font, 100, 100, oss.str());//DrawSurface(backbuffer, bomb.x, bomb.y, bomb_surf);//DrawSurface(backbuffer, bucket.x, bucket.y, bucket_surf);//D3DXSPRITE_ALPHABLEND 支持透明精灵spriteobj->Begin(D3DXSPRITE_ALPHABLEND);//D3DXVECTOR3 pos1(10, 10, 0);D3DXVECTOR3 bombxy((float)bomb.x, (float)bomb.y, 0); //x y z//(THIS_ LPDIRECT3DTEXTURE9 pTexture, CONST RECT *pSrcRect, CONST D3DXVECTOR3 *pCenter, CONST D3DXVECTOR3 *pPosition, D3DCOLOR Color) PURE;//pTexture 精灵 pSrcRect中心点坐标(以该坐标旋转) pCenter位置坐标 Color颜色spriteobj->Draw(bomb_surf, NULL, NULL, &bombxy, D3DCOLOR_XRGB(8, 255, 164));////D3DXVECTOR3 pos2(10, 10, 0);D3DXVECTOR3 bucketxy((float)bucket.x, (float)bucket.y, 0); //x y zspriteobj->Draw(bucket_surf, NULL, NULL, &bucketxy, D3DCOLOR_XRGB(255, 0, 0));////spriteobj->Begin(D3DXSPRITE_ALPHABLEND); spriteobj->End(); 一定要在 BeginScene 和 EndScene中间spriteobj->End();d3ddev->EndScene();d3ddev->Present(NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL);}//escape key exits if (Key_Down(DIK_ESCAPE))gameover = true;//controller Back button also exits if (controllers[0].wButtons & XINPUT_GAMEPAD_BACK)gameover = true;}void MouseUpdate() {int mx = Mouse_X();if (mx < 0) bucket.x -= 6.0f;else if (mx > 0) bucket.x += 6.0f;
}
void KeyBoardUpdate() {if (Key_Down(DIK_LEFT)|| Key_Down(DIK_A)) bucket.x -= 6.0f;else if (Key_Down(DIK_RIGHT)|| Key_Down(DIK_D)) bucket.x += 6.0f;
}
void XInputUpdate() {if (XInput_Controller_Found()){//left analog thumb stick if (controllers[0].sThumbLX < -5000)bucket.x -= 6.0f;else if (controllers[0].sThumbLX > 5000)bucket.x += 6.0f;//left and right triggers if (controllers[0].bLeftTrigger > 128)bucket.x -= 6.0f;else if (controllers[0].bRightTrigger > 128)bucket.x += 6.0f;//left and right D-PAD if (controllers[0].wButtons & XINPUT_GAMEPAD_LEFT_SHOULDER)bucket.x -= 6.0f;else if (controllers[0].wButtons & XINPUT_GAMEPAD_RIGHT_SHOULDER)bucket.x += 6.0f;//left and right shoulders if (controllers[0].wButtons & XINPUT_GAMEPAD_DPAD_LEFT)bucket.x -= 6.0f;else if (controllers[0].wButtons & XINPUT_GAMEPAD_DPAD_RIGHT)bucket.x += 6.0f;}//update vibration if (vibrating > 0){vibrating++;if (vibrating > 20){XInput_Vibrate(0, 0);vibrating = 0;}}}
void Game_End()
{if (bomb_surf) bomb_surf->Release();if (bucket_surf) bucket_surf->Release();
// if (bomb_surf1) bomb_surf1->Release();
// if (bucket_surf1) bucket_surf1->Release();DirectInput_Shutdown();Direct3D_Shutdown();
}五、MyWindows.cpp
#include "MyDirectX.h"
using namespace std;
bool gameover = false;/**
** Windows event handler
**/
LRESULT WINAPI WinProc(HWND hWnd, UINT msg, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam)
{switch (msg){case WM_DESTROY:gameover = true;PostQuitMessage(0);return 0;}return DefWindowProc(hWnd, msg, wParam, lParam);
}/**
** Windows entry point
**/
int WINAPI WinMain(HINSTANCE hInstance, HINSTANCE hPrevInstance, LPSTR lpCmdLine, int nCmdShow)
{//initialize window settings WNDCLASSEX wc;wc.cbSize = sizeof(WNDCLASSEX);wc.style = CS_HREDRAW | CS_VREDRAW;wc.lpfnWndProc = (WNDPROC)WinProc;wc.cbClsExtra = 0;wc.cbWndExtra = 0;wc.hInstance = hInstance;wc.hIcon = NULL;wc.hCursor = LoadCursor(NULL, IDC_ARROW);wc.hbrBackground = (HBRUSH)GetStockObject(WHITE_BRUSH);wc.lpszMenuName = NULL;wc.lpszClassName = APPTITLE.c_str();wc.hIconSm = NULL;RegisterClassEx(&wc);//create a new window HWND window = CreateWindow(APPTITLE.c_str(), APPTITLE.c_str(),WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW, CW_USEDEFAULT, CW_USEDEFAULT,SCREENW, SCREENH, NULL, NULL, hInstance, NULL);if (window == 0) return 0;//display the window ShowWindow(window, nCmdShow);UpdateWindow(window);//initialize the game if (!Game_Init(window)) return 0;// main message loop MSG message;while (!gameover){if (PeekMessage(&message, NULL, 0, 0, PM_REMOVE)){TranslateMessage(&message);DispatchMessage(&message);}//process game loop Game_Run(window);}//shutdown Game_End();return message.wParam;
}六、效果
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