第一个Java实现的接口测试

御都

字数 1065 · 阅读 0

2019-04-09 08:14

一、背景

使用HttpClient框架提交一个post&get申请，并对打印出返回值和状态码

二、操作步骤

1、在eclipse中创建一个maven工程，设置依赖关系

1.1 使用maven工程的原因：在pom.xml中设置依赖关系后会自动下载相应版本的jar包，减少了人工查找和安装jar包的步骤。

1.2 设置依赖关系

实质上就是将需要使用到的某个版本的jar包挂在该工程下，使得该工程下的类都能导入该jar包中的类进行使用。

【设置的具体内容】

org.apache.httpcomponents

httpclient

4.5.2

【设置后的效果】

在Maven Dependencies下能够看到该版本的http jar包

image.png

1.3代码

package com.cn;

import java.io.IOException;

import java.util.ArrayList;

import java.util.List;

import org.apache.http.client.ClientProtocolException;

import org.apache.http.client.methods.CloseableHttpResponse;

import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpGet;

import org.apache.http.client.utils.URLEncodedUtils;

import org.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient;

import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClients;

import org.apache.http.message.BasicNameValuePair;

import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils;

public class Demo {

public static void main(String[] args) {

doGet();

}

private static void doGet() {

String url = "https://edu.csdn.net/course/detail/3328";

//准备参数

List param = new ArrayList();

/*BasicNameValuePair pwd = new BasicNameValuePair("pwd","123456");

BasicNameValuePair phoneN = new BasicNameValuePair("phoneN","15284691234");

param.add(pwd);

param.add(phoneN);*/

/*BasicNameValuePair tn = new BasicNameValuePair("tn","62095104_8_oem_dg");

param.add(tn);

//参数转换为字符串

String paramStr = URLEncodedUtils.format(param, "UTF-8");

//拼接url

url += "?"+paramStr;*/

System.out.println("url为："+url);

//创建Get对象

HttpGet get = new HttpGet(url);

//创建客户端对象

CloseableHttpClient client = HttpClients.createDefault();

try {

//提交get请求,client调用execute方法会要求抛出try cathch的异常

CloseableHttpResponse response = client.execute(get);

//获取状态码

int code = response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode();

//获取返回值信息

String result = EntityUtils.toString(response.getEntity());

System.out.println("返回码为："+code);

System.out.println("返回内容为："+result);

} catch (ClientProtocolException e) {

// TODO Auto-generated catch block

e.printStackTrace();

} catch (IOException e) {

// TODO Auto-generated catch block

e.printStackTrace();

}

}

}

【报错 SSLHandshakeException】

url为：https://edu.csdn.net/course/detail/3328

javax.net.ssl.SSLHandshakeException: sun.security.validator.ValidatorException: PKIX path building failed: sun.security.provider.certpath.SunCertPathBuilderException: unable to find valid certification path to requested target

at com.sun.net.ssl.internal.ssl.Alerts.getSSLException(Alerts.java:174)

at com.sun.net.ssl.internal.ssl.SSLSocketImpl.fatal(SSLSocketImpl.java:1591)

at com.sun.net.ssl.internal.ssl.Handshaker.fatalSE(Handshaker.java:187)

at com.sun.net.ssl.internal.ssl.Handshaker.fatalSE(Handshaker.java:181)

at com.sun.net.ssl.internal.ssl.ClientHandshaker.serverCertificate(ClientHandshaker.java:975)

at com.sun.net.ssl.internal.ssl.ClientHandshaker.processMessage(ClientHandshaker.java:123)

at com.sun.net.ssl.internal.ssl.Handshaker.processLoop(Handshaker.java:516)

at com.sun.net.ssl.internal.ssl.Handshaker.process_record(Handshaker.java:454)

at com.sun.net.ssl.internal.ssl.SSLSocketImpl.readRecord(SSLSocketImpl.java:884)

at com.sun.net.ssl.internal.ssl.SSLSocketImpl.performInitialHandshake(SSLSocketImpl.java:1096)

at com.sun.net.ssl.internal.ssl.SSLSocketImpl.startHandshake(SSLSocketImpl.java:1123)

at com.sun.net.ssl.internal.ssl.SSLSocketImpl.startHandshake(SSLSocketImpl.java:1107)

at org.apache.http.conn.ssl.SSLConnectionSocketFactory.createLayeredSocket(SSLConnectionSocketFactory.java:394)

at org.apache.http.conn.ssl.SSLConnectionSocketFactory.connectSocket(SSLConnectionSocketFactory.java:353)

at org.apache.http.impl.conn.DefaultHttpClientConnectionOperator.connect(DefaultHttpClientConnectionOperator.java:141)

at org.apache.http.impl.conn.PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager.connect(PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager.java:353)

at org.apache.http.impl.execchain.MainClientExec.establishRoute(MainClientExec.java:380)

at org.apache.http.impl.execchain.MainClientExec.execute(MainClientExec.java:236)

at org.apache.http.impl.execchain.ProtocolExec.execute(ProtocolExec.java:184)

at org.apache.http.impl.execchain.RetryExec.execute(RetryExec.java:88)

at org.apache.http.impl.execchain.RedirectExec.execute(RedirectExec.java:110)

at org.apache.http.impl.client.InternalHttpClient.doExecute(InternalHttpClient.java:184)

at org.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient.execute(CloseableHttpClient.java:82)

at org.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient.execute(CloseableHttpClient.java:107)

at com.cn.Demo.doGet(Demo.java:47)

at com.cn.Demo.main(Demo.java:19)

Caused by: sun.security.validator.ValidatorException: PKIX path building failed: sun.security.provider.certpath.SunCertPathBuilderException: unable to find valid certification path to requested target

at sun.security.validator.PKIXValidator.doBuild(PKIXValidator.java:285)

at sun.security.validator.PKIXValidator.engineValidate(PKIXValidator.java:191)

at sun.security.validator.Validator.validate(Validator.java:218)

at com.sun.net.ssl.internal.ssl.X509TrustManagerImpl.validate(X509TrustManagerImpl.java:126)

at com.sun.net.ssl.internal.ssl.X509TrustManagerImpl.checkServerTrusted(X509TrustManagerImpl.java:209)

at com.sun.net.ssl.internal.ssl.X509TrustManagerImpl.checkServerTrusted(X509TrustManagerImpl.java:249)

at com.sun.net.ssl.internal.ssl.ClientHandshaker.serverCertificate(ClientHandshaker.java:954)

... 21 more

Caused by: sun.security.provider.certpath.SunCertPathBuilderException: unable to find valid certification path to requested target

at sun.security.provider.certpath.SunCertPathBuilder.engineBuild(SunCertPathBuilder.java:174)

at java.security.cert.CertPathBuilder.build(CertPathBuilder.java:238)

at sun.security.validator.PKIXValidator.doBuild(PKIXValidator.java:280)

... 27 more

public static CloseableHttpClient createSSLClientDefault() {

try {

SSLContext sslContext = new SSLContextBuilder().loadTrustMaterial(null, new TrustStrategy() {

public boolean isTrusted(X509Certificate[] chain, String authType) throws CertificateException {

return true;

}

}).build();

SSLConnectionSocketFactory sslsf = new SSLConnectionSocketFactory(sslContext);

return HttpClients.custom().setSSLSocketFactory(sslsf).build();

} catch (KeyManagementException e) {

e.printStackTrace();

} catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException e) {

e.printStackTrace();

} catch (KeyStoreException e) {

e.printStackTrace();

}

return HttpClients.createDefault();

}

【修改后的代码如下】

package interfaceDemo;

import java.io.IOException;

import java.security.KeyManagementException;

import java.security.KeyStoreException;

import java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException;

import java.security.cert.CertificateException;

import java.security.cert.X509Certificate;

import javax.net.ssl.SSLContext;

import org.apache.http.HttpEntity;

import org.apache.http.HttpResponse;

import org.apache.http.client.ClientProtocolException;

import org.apache.http.client.HttpClient;

import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpGet;

import org.apache.http.conn.ssl.SSLConnectionSocketFactory;

import org.apache.http.conn.ssl.SSLContextBuilder;

import org.apache.http.conn.ssl.TrustStrategy;

import org.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient;

import org.apache.http.impl.client.DefaultHttpClient;

import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClients;

import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils;

public class Demo1 {

public static void main(String[] args) {

String url = "https://news.cnblogs.com/";

get(url);

}

public static void get(String url){

//创建一个get对象

HttpGet get = new HttpGet(url);

//创建一个client对象

CloseableHttpClient client = createSSLClientDefault();

try {

//使用client对象发送get请求

HttpResponse respons = client.execute(get);

//获取响应的结果

HttpEntity entity = respons.getEntity();

//将响应结果转换为字符串

String result = EntityUtils.toString(entity,"utf-8");

System.out.println("响应结果为："+result);

} catch (ClientProtocolException e) {

// TODO Auto-generated catch block

e.printStackTrace();

} catch (IOException e) {

// TODO Auto-generated catch block

e.printStackTrace();

}

}

public static CloseableHttpClient createSSLClientDefault() {

try {

SSLContext sslContext = new SSLContextBuilder().loadTrustMaterial(null, new TrustStrategy() {

public boolean isTrusted(X509Certificate[] chain, String authType) throws CertificateException {

return true;

}

}).build();

SSLConnectionSocketFactory sslsf = new SSLConnectionSocketFactory(sslContext);

return HttpClients.custom().setSSLSocketFactory(sslsf).build();

} catch (KeyManagementException e) {

e.printStackTrace();

} catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException e) {

e.printStackTrace();

} catch (KeyStoreException e) {

e.printStackTrace();

}

return HttpClients.createDefault();

}

}

【运行结果】

一个html,截取了开头的部分

响应结果为：

IT新闻 - 博客园

【遗留_关于证书】

1、为什么会有证书这个东西呢？通过浏览器访问百度的网址时，没看到证书的相关东西

2 所有网址都需要证书吗？

3 上面那种解决方案是属于信任所有证书吗？还有其他解决方法吗？代码怎么写？