Django-慕课网制作（一）

从今天开始通过慕课网：强力Django+ 杀手级xadmin开发在线教育网站（全新开发） 这套教程来从零开始实现搭建一个在线教育网站

第一天：

创建一个django项目（使用django2.2版本）
明确项目app
创建对应的数据库

创建django项目

https://www.cnblogs.com/hellosen/p/12402362.html

明确项目app

通过对网站需求的理解，一共创建了四个app

users：用户操作
operation：教育机构
organizations：用户的一些操作如收藏，点评等
courses：课程

创建对应的数据库

这是今天学习的重点
首先我们先明确一个结构，分层结构
在网站数据设计的时候首先要明确一个底层的数据库，其他app可以调用它，但是他不能调用他的上级，只能调用它同级的数据库，在最顶的app创建的数据库可以对整个apps进行调用。这样的好处就是使整个程序的数据库设计更加的简洁

在这个网站中 users 是最低成的apps他不能调用其他apps 而operation和course这个两个之间可以相互下调用并调用users表但是他们两个不能调用organizations 这个app 而organizations 可以调用下面的所有app

好了上面的注意点说好了下面是实际操作了

首先是users app

from datetime import datetimefrom django.db import models
from django.contrib.auth.models import AbstractUser# AbstractUser 我们继承django中自带的一个用户表然后又重新写了一些需要的字段
class UserProfile(AbstractUser):nick_name = models.CharField(max_length=50,verbose_name='昵称',default="")birthday = models.DateField(verbose_name='生日',null=True,blank=True)genderChoice=((1,'男'),(2,'女'),(3,'保密'))gender = models.IntegerField(choices=genderChoice,verbose_name='性别',default=3)address = models.CharField(max_length=100,verbose_name='地址',default='')mobile = models.CharField(max_length=11,verbose_name='手机号',unique=True)image = models.ImageField(unique='head_image/%Y/%m',verbose_name='用户头像',default='head_image/default.jpg')class Meta:verbose_name='用户信息'verbose_name_plural=verbose_namedb_table = 'Users'def __str__(self):if self.nick_name:return self.nick_nameelse:return self.username'''
这个BaseModel他只有一个字段就是增加时间
后面的所有model都有一个增加时间字段这里
我们就可以先写一个让其他几个model继承他
'''
class BaseModel(models.Model):add_time = models.DateTimeField(default=datetime,verbose_name='添加时间')class Meta:abstract = True # 设置不生成表

这里我们注意一点上面的的我设置设置的user表我们要在setting.py 中写下

AUTH_USER_MODEL = "users.UserProfile"

用来告诉django用户表是哪一个。

第二个是courses app

from datetime import datetime
from django.db import modelsfrom apps.users.models import BaseModel
from apps.operation.models import Teacher# Create your models here.
class Course(BaseModel):teacher = models.ForeignKey(Teacher,on_delete=models.CASCADE,verbose_name='授课讲师')name = models.CharField(max_length=50, verbose_name='课程名称')desc = models.CharField(max_length=300, verbose_name='课程描述')learn_times = models.IntegerField(verbose_name='视频时长')degreeChoices = ((0, '初级'), (1, '中级'), (2, '高级'))degree = models.IntegerField(verbose_name='难度', choices=degreeChoices, default=0)category = models.CharField(default=u'后端开发', max_length=120, verbose_name='课程类别')students = models.IntegerField(default=0, verbose_name='学习人数')fav_nums = models.IntegerField(default=0, verbose_name='收藏人数')click_nums = models.IntegerField(default=0, verbose_name='点击数')tag = models.CharField(default="", verbose_name='课程标签', max_length=10)youneed_know = models.CharField(default="", max_length=300, verbose_name='课程须知')teacher_tell = models.CharField(default="", max_length=300, verbose_name='老师告诉你')image = models.ImageField(upload_to='course/%Y/%m', verbose_name='封面图片', default='course/default.jpg')class Meta:verbose_name = '课程信息'verbose_name_plural = verbose_namedb_table = 'course'def __str__(self):return self.nameclass Lesson(BaseModel):course = models.ForeignKey(Course, on_delete=models.CASCADE, verbose_name='课程名称')name = models.CharField(max_length=100, verbose_name='章节名称')learn_times = models.IntegerField(default=0, verbose_name=u'学习时长(分钟)')class Meta:verbose_name = '章节信息'verbose_name_plural = verbose_namedb_table = 'Lesson'def __str__(self):return self.nameclass Video(BaseModel):lesson = models.ForeignKey(Lesson, verbose_name="章节", on_delete=models.CASCADE)name = models.CharField(max_length=100, verbose_name=u'视频名')learn_times = models.IntegerField(default=0, verbose_name=u'学习时长(分钟)')url = models.CharField(max_length=200, verbose_name='访问地址')class Meta:verbose_name = '视频'verbose_name_plural = verbose_namedb_table = 'Video'def __str__(self):return self.nameclass CourseResource(BaseModel):course = models.ForeignKey(Course, on_delete=models.CASCADE, verbose_name='课程')name = models.CharField(max_length=100, verbose_name=u'课程资源')file = models.FileField(upload_to='course/resourse/%Y/%m', verbose_name='下载地址', max_length=200)class Meta:verbose_name = '课程资源'verbose_name_plural = verbose_namedb_table = 'CourseResource'

第三个是organizations app

from django.db import models
from apps.users.models import BaseModel# Create your models here.
class City(BaseModel):name = models.CharField(max_length=50, verbose_name='城市')desc = models.CharField(max_length=200, verbose_name='描述')class Meta:verbose_name = '城市'verbose_name_plural = verbose_namedb_table = 'City'class CourseOrg(BaseModel):name = models.CharField(max_length=50, verbose_name='机构名称')desc = models.TextField(verbose_name='描述')tag = models.CharField(default='全国知名', max_length=10, verbose_name='机构标签')categoryChoices = ((0, '培训机构'), (1, '个人'), (2, '高校'))category = models.IntegerField(default=0, choices=categoryChoices, verbose_name='机构类型')fav_nums = models.IntegerField(default=0, verbose_name='收藏人数')click_nums = models.IntegerField(default=0, verbose_name='点击数')image = models.ImageField(upload_to='org/%Y/%m', verbose_name=u'logo', max_length=50, default='org/default.jpg')address = models.ForeignKey(City, on_delete=models.CASCADE, verbose_name=u'机构地址')students = models.IntegerField(default=0, verbose_name='学习人数')course_nums = models.IntegerField(default=0, verbose_name='课程数量')class Meta:verbose_name = '课程机构'verbose_name_plural = verbose_namedb_table = 'CourseOrg'class Teacher(BaseModel):org = models.ForeignKey(CourseOrg, on_delete=models.CharField, verbose_name='所属机构')name = models.CharField(max_length=50, verbose_name='教师名称')work_years = models.IntegerField(default=0, verbose_name='工作年限')work_company = models.CharField(max_length=50, verbose_name='就职公司')work_position = models.CharField(max_length=50, verbose_name='公司职位')points = models.CharField(max_length=50, verbose_name='教学特点')fav_nums = models.IntegerField(default=0, verbose_name='收藏人数')click_nums = models.IntegerField(default=0, verbose_name='点击数')age = models.IntegerField(default=18, verbose_name='年龄')image = models.ImageField(upload_to='teacher/%Y/%m', verbose_name=u'头像', max_length=50,default='teacher/default.jpg')class Meta:verbose_name = '课程机构'verbose_name_plural = verbose_namedb_table = 'Teacher'

第三个是organizations app

from django.db import models
from django.contrib.auth import get_user_model
# Create your models here.
from apps.users.models import BaseModel
from apps.courses.models import Course
User = get_user_model()
class UserAsk(BaseModel):name = models.CharField(max_length=20,verbose_name='姓名')mobile = models.CharField(max_length=11,verbose_name='手机号')course_name = models.CharField(max_length=50,verbose_name='课程名称')class Meta:verbose_name = '用户咨询'verbose_name_plural =verbose_namedb_table = 'UserAsk'
class CourseComments(BaseModel):user = models.ForeignKey(User,on_delete=models.CASCADE,verbose_name='用户')course =models.ForeignKey(Course,on_delete=models.CASCADE,verbose_name='课程')comments = models.CharField(200,verbose_name='评论')class Meta:verbose_name = '课程评论'verbose_name_plural =verbose_namedb_table = 'CourseComments'class UserFavorite(BaseModel):user = models.ForeignKey(User, on_delete=models.CASCADE, verbose_name='用户')fav_id = models.IntegerField(verbose_name='数据id')typeChoices = ((1,'课程'),(2,'课程机构'),(3,'讲师'))fav_type = models.IntegerField(choices=typeChoices,default=1,verbose_name='收藏类型')class Meta:verbose_name = '用户收藏'verbose_name_plural =verbose_namedb_table = 'UserFavorite'
class UserMessage(BaseModel):user = models.ForeignKey(User, on_delete=models.CASCADE, verbose_name='用户')message = models.CharField(max_length=200,verbose_name='消息内容')is_read = models.BooleanField(default=False,verbose_name='是否已读')class Meta:verbose_name = '用户消息'verbose_name_plural =verbose_namedb_table = 'UserMessage'class UserCourse(BaseModel):user = models.ForeignKey(User, on_delete=models.CASCADE, verbose_name='用户')course = models.ForeignKey(Course, on_delete=models.CASCADE, verbose_name='课程')class Meta:verbose_name = '用户课程'verbose_name_plural =verbose_namedb_table = 'UserCourse'