shell脚本主要有两个作用：

1.将压缩包从bin安装包中分离出来并解压    

2.实现安装过程中需要进行的相关的文件操作（从压缩包中复制文件到系统指定路径下）

例：以下是安装脚本 CFCA_UKEY.sh，脚本中添加了必要的注释便于理解相关操作。

#!/bin/bash
#安装前先卸载旧版本软件
if [ -f "/usr/bin/Uninstall_CFCA_UKEY.sh" ];thenecho "VVVVVVV 卸载旧版本软件 VVVVVVV"/usr/bin/Uninstall_CFCA_UKEY.shecho "XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX"echo ""
fi#分离出的压缩包名称
tmpfile_name=/tmp/CFCA_UKEY_Client.tgz
echo -e "\t 准备安装软件..."
#从bin中分离出${tmpfile_name}压缩包，'1,/^exit 0$/!p'代表从一行到以exit开头以0结尾的行即整个shell脚本，！代表取反，所以最后分离的是出了shell脚本的部分也即压缩包 $0代表脚本本身即从bin安装包中实现分离
sed -n -e '1,/^exit 0$/!p' $0 > ${tmpfile_name} 2>/dev/null
#将分离出的脚本解压缩到/tmp文件夹下
tar xzf ${tmpfile_name} -C /tmp
#解压完成后删除压缩包
rm -rf ${tmpfile_name}
#转到解压文件的文件夹/tmp下
cd /tmp####---- main ----####echo -e "\t 安装库文件和工具"
#复制库文件以及管理工具到系统目录下（需要root权限，所以需要sudo执行）
cp -r CFCA_UKEY_Client/CFCA_UKEY_Client.app /Applications
cp -r CFCA_UKEY_Client/CFCA_UKEY_Dlg.bundle /Library/Bundles
sudo cp CFCA_UKEY_Client/Uninstall_CFCA_UKEY.sh /usr/bin
sudo cp CFCA_UKEY_Client/libCFCA_UKEY_*.* /usr/lib
#安装过程完成后，删除解压后的文件目录
rm -rf CFCA_UKEY_Client
echo -e "\t 安装完成"
exit 0

#!/bin/bash
name=UKEY
sudo echo ""
echo "=========================================="
echo "|| Client[${name}] Uninstall starting...   ||"
echo "=========================================="
echo "||                                      ||"
sudo ps -ax | grep CFCA_${name}_Client | awk '{print $1}' | xargs kill -9 > /dev/null 2>&1
echo "||  close CFCA_${name}_Client.app          ||"
sudo rm -rf /usr/lib/libCFCA_${name}_lib.dylib
echo "||  delete libCFCA_${name}_lib.dylib       ||"
sudo rm -rf /usr/lib/libCFCA_${name}_P11.dylib
echo "||  delete libCFCA_${name}_P11.dylib       ||"
sudo rm -rf /usr/lib/libCFCA_${name}_P11.sig
echo "||  delete libCFCA_${name}_P11.sig       ||"
sudo rm -rf /Library/Bundles/CFCA_${name}_Dlg.bundle
echo "||  delete CFCA_${name}_Dlg.bundle         ||"
sudo rm -rf /Applications/CFCA_${name}_Client.app
echo "||  delete CFCA_${name}_Client.app         ||"
sudo rm -rf /usr/bin/Uninstall_CFCA_${name}.sh
echo "||  delete Uninstall_CFCA_${name}.sh       ||"
echo "||                                      ||"
echo "=========================================="
echo "||  Client[${name}] Uninstall end.         ||"
echo "=========================================="
echo ""

在终端窗口运行指令：

cat CFCA_UKEY.sh CFCA_UKEY_Client.tgz > CFCA_UKEY.bin 

将脚本与压缩包合并生成bin安装包。

   

    生成的bin安装包可以通过vi编辑器查看，可看到前半部分即为shell脚本，后半部分的乱码即为压缩包。脚本中语句sed -n -e '1,/^exit 0$/!p' $0 > ${tmpfile_name} 2>/dev/null即为实现分离出压缩包的功能。ps：随便拿到一个bin安装包，我们也可通过sed语句实现分离出其中的shell脚本以及压缩包：

从bin安装包中分离出shell脚本的指令：sed -n -e '1,/^exit 0$/p' bin安装包路径> 解压路径 2>/dev/null

在终端窗口运行指令：

chmod 755 CFCA_UKEY.bin

给生成的bin安装包添加可执行权限，之后运行指令：

./CFCA_UKEY.bin

运行bin安装包，运行结果如下：

 

可以编写复杂的shell脚本实现更加复杂的安装，比较复杂的shell脚本借鉴如下：

#!/bin/bashif [ -f "/opt/uninstall.sh" ];thenecho "VVVVVVVV  卸载旧版本软件  VVVVVVVV"/opt/uninstall.shecho "XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX"echo ""
fitmpfile_name=/tmp/icbc.tar.gzecho -e "\t 准备安装软件..."
sed -n -e '1,/^exit 0$/!p' $0 > ${tmpfile_name} 2>/dev/null
tar xzf ${tmpfile_name} -C /opt
rm -rf ${tmpfile_name}
cd /optMountDisk()
{diskname=`fdisk -l | grep 'GB' | awk '$3 -ge 100' | awk '{print substr($2,1,8)}'`if [ -z "$diskname" ];thenecho "没有可挂载的硬盘"exit 0filocal filename="/etc/rc.d/rc.local"tmpnum=`sed -n -e '/mount/=' ${filename}`if [ -z "$tmpnum" ];thenecho "echo \"Starting Mount '$diskname',Please waiting...\" > /dev/tty1" >>$filenameecho "mount '$diskname' /opt/icbc/logs" >> $filename#       AllowPort 60000fiecho 'y' | mkfs.ext4 $disknamemount $diskname /opt/icbc/logs
}#usage: AllowPort port
AllowPort()
{#防火墙允许通过echo "开启端口号：" $1/sbin/iptables -I INPUT -p tcp --dport $1 -j ACCEPT/etc/init.d/iptables save/etc/init.d/iptables restart
}ConfigNetwork()
{local filename=/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0tmpnum=`sed -n -e '/NM_CONTROLLED=yes/=' ${filename}`if [ -n "$tmpnum" ];thensed -i "/NM_CONTROLLED=yes/d" ${filename}fitmpnum=`sed -n -e '/PEERDNS=yes/=' ${filename}`if [ -n "$tmpnum" ];thensed -i "/PEERDNS=yes/d" ${filename}fitmpnum=`sed -n -e '/NM_CONTROLLED/=' ${filename}`if [ -z "$tmpnum" ];thenecho "NM_CONTROLLED=no" >> ${filename} fitmpnum=`sed -n -e '/PEERDNS/=' ${filename}`if [ -z "$tmpnum" ];thenecho "PEERDNS=no" >> ${filename} fi
}InstallJRE()
{local filename=/etc/profiletmpnum=`sed -n -e '/JAVA_HOME/=' ${filename}`if [ -z "$tmpnum" ];then#sed -i "/JAVA_HOME/d" ${filename}echo "export JAVA_HOME=/opt/jre" >> ${filename}echo "export CLASS_PATH=\$JAVA_HOME/lib" >> ${filename}echo "export PATH=\$PATH:\$JAVA_HOME/bin" >> ${filename}fisource /etc/profile
}InstallTomcat()
{local filename="/etc/rc.d/rc.local"if [ ! -f "/etc/rc.d/init.d/tomcat" ];then
#       echo "rm -ef /opt/tomcat/logs/*" >> $filename
#       echo "rm -ef /opt/tomcat/work/*" >> $filenamecp /opt/tomcat/bin/tomcat /etc/rc.d/init.dchkconfig --add tomcatAllowPort 60002fitmpnum=`ps -ef | grep tomcat | grep -v grep`if [ -z "$tmpnum" ];then#启动服务service tomcat startfi
}InstallSbox()
{local filename="/etc/rc.d/rc.local"tmpnum=`sed -n -e '/sbxmanager/=' ${filename}`if [ -z "$tmpnum" ];thenecho "echo \"Starting Sbox Service,Please waiting...\" > /dev/tty1" >> $filenameecho "/opt/sbox/bin/sbxmanager.sh start &" >> $filename#      AllowPort 60000fitmpnum=`ps -ef | grep managerd | grep -v grep`if [ -z "$tmpnum" ];then#启动服务/opt/sbox/bin/sbxmanager.sh startfi
}InstallInitd()
{local filename="/etc/rc.d/rc.local"tmpnum=`sed -n -e '/initd.jar/=' ${filename}`if [ -z "$tmpnum" ];thenecho "echo \"Starting Proxy Service,Please waiting...\" > /dev/tty1" >> $filenameecho "/opt/jre/bin/java -Dfile.encoding=utf8 -jar /opt/icbc/initd/initd.jar &" >> $filenamefi
}InstallJkgrd()
{local filename="/etc/rc.d/rc.local"tmpnum=`sed -n -e '/jkmgrd/=' ${filename}`if [ -z "$tmpnum" ];thenecho "echo \"Starting jkmgrd Service,Please waiting...\" > /dev/tty1" >> $filenameecho "jkmgrd p=60001 l=2" >> $filenamejkmgrd p=60001 l=2AllowPort 60001fi
}StopFirewall()
{local filename="/etc/rc.d/rc.local"tmpnum=`sed -n -e '/iptables/=' ${filename}`if [ -z "$tmpnum" ];thenecho "echo \"Stopping firewall service, please waiting...\" > /dev/tty1" >> $filenameecho "service iptables stop" >> $filenamefiservice iptables stop
}InstallJob()
{local filename="/var/spool/cron/root"tmpnum=`sed -n -e '/submitLog/=' ${filename}`if [ -z "$tmpnum" ];thenecho "0 0 * * * submitLog_Day.sh" >> $filenameecho "0 0 * * 1 submitLog_Week.sh" >> $filenameecho "0 0 1 * * submitLog_Month.sh" >> $filenamefitmpnum=`sed -n -e '/minisvs_rotate/=' ${filename}`if [ -z "$tmpnum" ];thenecho "*/1 * * * * minisvs_rotate.sh" >> $filenamefitmpnum=`sed -n -e '/clean_log/=' ${filename}`if [ -z "$tmpnum" ];thenecho "0 0 * * * clean_log.sh" >> $filenamefi
}InstallNtpdate()
{local filename="/etc/rc.d/rc.local"tmpnum=`sed -n -e '/ntpdate/=' ${filename}`if [ -z "$tmpnum" ];thenecho "echo \"time update, please waiting...\" > /dev/tty1" >> $filenameecho "ntpdate cn.ntp.org.cn" >> $filenameecho "hwclock -w" >> $filenamentpdate cn.ntp.org.cnfi
}StopSSH()
{local filename="/etc/rc.d/rc.local"tmpnum=`sed -n -e '/killall sshd/=' ${filename}`if [ -z "$tmpnum" ];thenecho "echo \"Close SSH Service,Please waiting...\" > /dev/tty1" >> $filenameecho "killall sshd" >> $filenamefitmpnum=`ps -ef | grep sshd | grep -v grep`if [ -n "$tmpnum" ];thenecho "SSH serivce will close after 10 second"sleep 10killall sshdfi
}####---- main ----####echo -e "\t 挂载硬盘..."
MountDiskecho -e "\t 配置网络..."
ConfigNetworkecho -e "\t 修改启动列表默认时间"
sed -i  's/timeout=5/timeout=0/' /boot/grub/menu.lstecho -e "\t 安装库文件和工具..."
cp bin/ftp /usr/bin
cp bin/ntpdate /usr/bin
cp bin/jkmgrd /usr/bin
cp bin/submitLog_*.sh /usr/bin
cp bin/minisvs_rotate.sh /usr/bin
rm -rf binecho -e "\t 安装NTP时间同步..."
InstallNtpdateecho -e "\t 安装Mysql..."
cd mysql && ./install.shecho -e "\t 安装JRE..."
InstallJREecho -e "\t 安装Tomcat..."
InstallTomcatecho -e "\t 安装Sbox..."
InstallSboxecho -e "\t 安装Jkmgrd..."
InstallJkgrdecho -e "\t 安装Initd..."
InstallInitd#echo -e "\t 关闭防火墙..."
#StopFirewallecho -e "\t 开启日志上传计划..."
InstallJobecho -e "\t 关闭SSH服务..."
StopSSHexit 0