用pyqt原生功能实现自由屏幕截图

一、常用的截图方式

1.图片处理库PIL可以对整个屏幕进行截图，但是没有UI界面不能自由选择截图区域

from PIL import ImageGrabimg = ImageGrab.grab()
img.save('1.jpg')

2.调用QQ、微信等软件里的dll文件

QQ截图插件:CameraDll.dll【2009-05-14】没有截图工具栏按钮
Export:
CameraWindow
CameraSubArea
CameraWindowLikeSpy
调用参数：
rundll32 CameraDll.dll CameraSubArea

邮箱截图插件TXGYMailCamera.dll(X86)【2013-04-25】
Export:
CameraWindow
CameraSubArea
CameraWindowLikeSpy
调用参数：
rundll32 TXGYMailCamera.dll CameraSubArea
rundll32 TXGYMailCamera.dll CameraWindow

微信截图插件PrScrn.dll(X86)【2014-07-16】
Export:
PrScrn
调用参数：
rundll32 PrScrn.dll PrScrn

QQ浏览器截图插件PrScrnNew.dll(X86)【2018】
Export:
PrScrnNew
调用参数：
rundll32 PrScrnNew.dll RunSnap

import os
import ctypesdef func_screenshotByDLL():'''调用dll进行屏幕区域截图（仅适用于32位）'''reply = (False, "程序运行中出现异常，请联系软件开发者")try:dllFilePath = os.path.join(os.getcwd(), 'bin', 'PrScrn.dll')if os.path.exists(dllFilePath):dll = ctypes.cdll.LoadLibrary(dllFilePath)dll.PrScrn(0)reply = (True, '截图成功(PrScrn.dll)')else:reply = (False, '文件丢失：%s' % dllFilePath)except BaseException:try:# 如果dll加载失败，则直接运行os.system("Rundll32.exe %s, PrScrn" % dllFilePath)reply = (True, '截图成功(Rundll32.exe)')except BaseException as e:reply = (False, repr(e))finally:return reply

用ctypes调用dll仅支持32位的Python，因为这些dll文件都是32位的，用64位Python调用会报错“OSError: [WinError 193] %1 不是有效的 Win32 应用程序。”改用os.system()也是可以运行dll的，但是会弹出一个dos窗口，截图画面会看到这个dos窗口挡住其他窗口；虽然可以通过time.sleep(1.0)解决，但是点个截图还要等1秒，就是不爽。为了解决这个1秒，我就自己动手实现截图功能了，重复造轮子也要造。

二、用pyqt原生功能实现自由屏幕截图

（一）开发环境：python3.8.10（64位）、pyqt6.1.1

主要功能：
1.拖拽鼠标划定截图区域，截图区域可拖拽移动、可在边框8个点拖拽调整大小
2.划定截图区域时、调整截图区域大小时显示辅助放大镜
3.工具栏：
矩形、椭圆、涂鸦：可选线条颜色、粗细；
输入文字：可选线条颜色、字体；
保存：保存截图到本地；
复制：复制截图到粘贴板

（二）思路

1.获取整个屏幕的截图QPixmap，用QWidget的paintEvent事件绘制屏幕截图并全屏显示QWidget.showFullScreen()
2.将整个屏幕划分为九宫格，在屏幕截图上绘制中央截图区域矩形边框，截图区域周边8个区域绘制遮罩层，分区结果保存在ScreenArea类，此类还用于保存工具栏提供的的矩形、椭圆、涂鸦、输入文字等编辑行为的结果。
3.通过状态标志控制截图区域的拖拽和大小调整、放大镜和工具栏的显示隐藏
4.放大镜：以鼠标光标位置为中心截取屏幕截图的子集QPixmap，画上纵横十字线后，绘制到屏幕截图上
5.工具栏：使用QToolBar.move(截图区域右下角)即可，通过状态标志切换不同的编辑工具。

（三）重要概念：设备像素比

devicePixelRatio设备像素比，即电脑、手机等设备设置的字体大小的缩放倍率。
devicePixelRatio = 设备物理像素 / 设备独立像素(device-independent pixels，dips)

1.设备物理像素(physical)，比如电脑的分辨率2560x1440，1920x1080，1600x900等
QWidget.rect(),QWidget.size()等返回的都是缩放倍率为1.0的原始尺寸
2.设备独立像素(logical,device-independent pixels，dips)独立于设备的用于逻辑上衡量像素的单位
在屏幕上获取的QtGui.QCursor.pos()、事件event.position()返回的都是缩放后的QPointF
QPixmap.deviceIndependentSize() * QPixmap.devicePixelRatio() = QPixmap.size()
3.例子：在分辨率为2560x1440的屏幕上，设置字体放大125%，则设备像素比为1.25
放大显示后，原本可以显示2560x1440的屏幕，仅能显示2048x1152的屏幕大小，但肉眼看见的字体变大了
在2048x1152屏幕上的QRect(60, 60, 125, 125)等于2560x1440屏幕上的(75, 75, 100, 100)
在2048x1152屏幕上的QPoint(60, 60)等于2560x1440屏幕上的(75, 75)
4.为便于屏幕绘制，ScreenArea类所有的算法都基于设备独立像素计算
保存截图结果、设置主窗口大小时才以原始尺寸计算

（四）代码

# coding=utf-8
import os
import sys
from datetime import datetime
from PyQt6 import QtCore, QtGui
from PyQt6.QtWidgets import *
from PyQt6.QtCore import QRectF, QRect, QSizeF, QPointF, QPoint, QMarginsF
from PyQt6.QtGui import QPainter, QPen, QPixmap, QColor, QAction, QIconclass TextInputWidget(QTextEdit):'''在截图区域内的文本输入框'''def __init__(self, god=None):super().__init__(god)self.god = god# 设置背景透明# self.setStyleSheet("QTextEdit{background-color: transparent;}")palette = self.palette()palette.setBrush(QtGui.QPalette.ColorRole.Base, self.god.color_transparent)self.setPalette(palette)self.setTextColor(self.god.toolbar.curColor())self.setCurrentFont(self.god.toolbar.curFont())self._doc = self.document()  # QTextDocumentself.textChanged.connect(self.adjustSizeByContent)self.adjustSizeByContent()  # 初始化调整高度为一行self.hide()def adjustSizeByContent(self, margin=30):'''限制宽度不超出截图区域，根据文本内容调整高度，不会出现滚动条'''self._doc.setTextWidth(self.viewport().width())margins = self.contentsMargins()h = int(self._doc.size().height() + margins.top() + margins.bottom())self.setFixedHeight(h)def beginNewInput(self, pos, endPointF):'''开始新的文本输入'''self._maxRect = self.god.screenArea.normalizeRectF(pos, endPointF)self.waitForInput()def waitForInput(self):self.setGeometry(self._maxRect.toRect())# self.setGeometry(self._maxRect.adjusted(0, 0, -1, 0))  # 宽度-1self.setFocus()self.show()def loadTextInputBy(self, action):'''载入修改旧的文本action:(type, color, font, rectf, txt)'''self.setTextColor(action[1])self.setCurrentFont(action[2])self._maxRect = action[3]self.append(action[4])self.god.isDrawing = Trueself.waitForInput()class LineWidthAction(QAction):'''画笔粗细选择器'''def __init__(self, text, parent, lineWidth):super().__init__(text, parent)self._lineWidth = lineWidthself.refresh(QtCore.Qt.GlobalColor.red)self.triggered.connect(self.onTriggered)self.setVisible(False)def refresh(self, color):painter = self.parent().god.screenArea._painterdotRadius = QPointF(self._lineWidth, self._lineWidth)centerPoint = self.parent().iconPixmapCenter()pixmap = self.parent().iconPixmapCopy()painter.begin(pixmap)painter.setPen(self.parent().god.pen_transparent)painter.setBrush(color)painter.drawEllipse(QRectF(centerPoint - dotRadius, centerPoint + dotRadius))painter.end()self.setIcon(QIcon(pixmap))def onTriggered(self):self.parent()._curLineWidth = self._lineWidthclass FontAction(QAction):'''字体选择器'''def __init__(self, text, parent):super().__init__(text, parent)self.setIcon(QIcon(r"img/sys/font.png"))self._curFont = self.parent().god.font_textInputself.triggered.connect(self.onTriggered)self.setVisible(False)def onTriggered(self):font, ok = QFontDialog.getFont(self._curFont, self.parent(), caption='选择字体')if ok:self._curFont = fontself.parent().god.textInputWg.setCurrentFont(font)class ColorAction(QAction):'''颜色选择器'''def __init__(self, text, parent):super().__init__(text, parent)self._curColor = QtCore.Qt.GlobalColor.redself._pixmap = QPixmap(32, 32)self.refresh(self._curColor)self.triggered.connect(self.onTriggered)def refresh(self, color):self._curColor = colorself._pixmap.fill(color)self.setIcon(QIcon(self._pixmap))self.parent()._at_line_small.refresh(color)self.parent()._at_line_normal.refresh(color)self.parent()._at_line_big.refresh(color)def onTriggered(self):col = QColorDialog.getColor(self._curColor, self.parent(), title='选择颜色')if col.isValid():self.refresh(col)self.parent().god.textInputWg.setTextColor(col)class ScreenShotToolBar(QToolBar):'''截图区域工具条'''def __init__(self, god):super().__init__(god)self.god = godself.setToolButtonStyle(QtCore.Qt.ToolButtonStyle.ToolButtonTextUnderIcon)self.setStyleSheet("QToolBar {border-radius: 5px;padding: 3px;background-color: #eeeeef;}")self._style_normal = "QToolBar QToolButton{color: black;}"self._style_selected = "QToolBar QToolButton{color: #ff7300;border: 1px solid #BEDAF2;background-color: #D6E4F1}"  # 与鼠标悬停样式一样self._iconPixmap = QPixmap(32, 32)self._iconPixmap.fill(self.god.color_transparent)self._iconPixmapCenter = QPointF(self._iconPixmap.rect().center())self._curLineWidth = 3self._at_line_small = LineWidthAction('细', self, self._curLineWidth - 2)self._at_line_normal = LineWidthAction('中', self, self._curLineWidth)self._at_line_big = LineWidthAction('粗', self, self._curLineWidth + 2)self._at_font = FontAction('字体', self)self._at_color = ColorAction('颜色', self)self._at_rectangle = QAction(QIcon(r"img/sys/rectangle.png"), '矩形', self, triggered=self.beforeDrawRectangle)self._at_ellipse = QAction(QIcon(r"img/sys/ellipse.png"), '椭圆', self, triggered=self.beforeDrawEllipse)self._at_graffiti = QAction(QIcon(r"img/sys/graffiti.png"), '涂鸦', self, triggered=self.beforeDrawGraffiti)self._at_textInput = QAction(QIcon(r"img/sys/write.png"), '文字', self, triggered=self.beforeDrawText)self.addAction(self._at_line_small)self.addAction(self._at_line_normal)self.addAction(self._at_line_big)self.addAction(self._at_font)self.addAction(self._at_color)self.addSeparator()self.addAction(self._at_rectangle)self.addAction(self._at_ellipse)self.addAction(self._at_graffiti)self.addAction(self._at_textInput)self.addAction(QAction(QIcon(r"img/sys/undo.png"), '撤销', self, triggered=self.undo))self.addSeparator()self.addAction(QAction(QIcon(r"img/sys/logout.png"), '退出', self, triggered=self.god.close))self.addAction(QAction(QIcon(r"img/chat/download.png"), '保存', self, triggered=lambda: self.beforeSave('local')))self.addAction(QAction(QIcon(r"img/chat/sendImg.png"), '复制', self, triggered=lambda: self.beforeSave('clipboard')))self.actionTriggered.connect(self.onActionTriggered)def curLineWidth(self):return self._curLineWidthdef curFont(self):return self._at_font._curFontdef curColor(self):return self._at_color._curColor# return QColor(self._at_color._curColor.toRgb())  # 颜色的副本def iconPixmapCopy(self):return self._iconPixmap.copy()def iconPixmapCenter(self):return self._iconPixmapCenterdef onActionTriggered(self, action):'''突出显示已选中的画笔粗细、编辑模式'''for at in [self._at_line_small, self._at_line_normal, self._at_line_big]:if at._lineWidth == self._curLineWidth:self.widgetForAction(at).setStyleSheet(self._style_selected)else:self.widgetForAction(at).setStyleSheet(self._style_normal)if self.god.isDrawRectangle:self.widgetForAction(self._at_rectangle).setStyleSheet(self._style_selected)else:self.widgetForAction(self._at_rectangle).setStyleSheet(self._style_normal)if self.god.isDrawEllipse:self.widgetForAction(self._at_ellipse).setStyleSheet(self._style_selected)else:self.widgetForAction(self._at_ellipse).setStyleSheet(self._style_normal)if self.god.isDrawGraffiti:self.widgetForAction(self._at_graffiti).setStyleSheet(self._style_selected)else:self.widgetForAction(self._at_graffiti).setStyleSheet(self._style_normal)if self.god.isDrawText:self.widgetForAction(self._at_textInput).setStyleSheet(self._style_selected)else:self.widgetForAction(self._at_textInput).setStyleSheet(self._style_normal)def setLineWidthActionVisible(self, flag):self._at_line_small.setVisible(flag)self._at_line_normal.setVisible(flag)self._at_line_big.setVisible(flag)def beforeDrawRectangle(self):self.god.clearEditFlags()self.god.isDrawRectangle = Trueself.setLineWidthActionVisible(True)self._at_font.setVisible(False)def beforeDrawEllipse(self):self.god.clearEditFlags()self.god.isDrawEllipse = Trueself.setLineWidthActionVisible(True)self._at_font.setVisible(False)def beforeDrawGraffiti(self):self.god.clearEditFlags()self.god.isDrawGraffiti = Trueself.setLineWidthActionVisible(True)self._at_font.setVisible(False)def beforeDrawText(self):self.god.clearEditFlags()self.god.isDrawText = Trueself.setLineWidthActionVisible(False)self._at_font.setVisible(True)def undo(self):'''撤销上次编辑行为'''if self.god.screenArea.undoEditAction():self.god.update()def beforeSave(self, target):# 若正在编辑文本未保存，先完成编辑if self.god.isDrawing and self.god.isDrawText:self.god.screenArea.saveTextInputAction()if target == 'local':self.god.save2Local()elif target == 'clipboard':self.god.save2Clipboard()def enterEvent(self, event):self.god.setCursor(QtCore.Qt.CursorShape.ArrowCursor)  # 工具条上显示标准箭头cursordef leaveEvent(self, event):self.god.setCursor(QtCore.Qt.CursorShape.CrossCursor)  # 十字无箭头class ScreenArea(QtCore.QObject):'''屏幕区域（提供各种算法的核心类），划分为9个子区域：TopLeft，Top，TopRightLeft，Center，RightBottomLeft，Bottom，BottomRight其中Center根据start、end两个QPointF确定'''def __init__(self, god):super().__init__()self.god = godself._pt_start = QPointF()  # 划定截图区域时鼠标左键按下的位置（topLeft）self._pt_end = QPointF()  # 划定截图区域时鼠标左键松开的位置（bottomRight）self._rt_toolbar = QRectF()  # 工具条的矩形self._actions = []  # 在截图区域上的所有编辑行为（矩形、椭圆、涂鸦、文本输入等）self._pt_startEdit = QPointF()  # 在截图区域上绘制矩形、椭圆时鼠标左键按下的位置（topLeft）self._pt_endEdit = QPointF()  # 在截图区域上绘制矩形、椭圆时鼠标左键松开的位置（bottomRight）self._pointfs = []  # 涂鸦经过的所有点self._painter = QPainter()  # 独立于ScreenShotWidget之外的画家类self._textOption = QtGui.QTextOption(QtCore.Qt.AlignmentFlag.AlignLeft | QtCore.Qt.AlignmentFlag.AlignTop)self._textOption.setWrapMode(QtGui.QTextOption.WrapMode.WrapAnywhere)  # 文本在矩形内自动换行# self._textOption.setWrapMode(QtGui.QTextOption.WrapMode.WrapAtWordBoundaryOrAnywhere)self.captureScreen()def captureScreen(self):'''抓取整个屏幕的截图'''# screen = QtGui.QGuiApplication.primaryScreen()self._screenPixmap = QApplication.primaryScreen().grabWindow()self._pixelRatio = self._screenPixmap.devicePixelRatio()  # 设备像素比self._rt_screen = self.screenLogicalRectF()self.remakeNightArea()def normalizeRectF(self, topLeftPoint, bottomRightPoint):'''根据起止点生成宽高非负数的QRectF，通常用于bottomRightPoint比topLeftPoint更左更上的情况入参可以是QPoint或QPointF'''rectf = QRectF(topLeftPoint, bottomRightPoint)x = rectf.x()y = rectf.y()w = rectf.width()h = rectf.height()if w < 0:  # bottomRightPoint在topLeftPoint左侧时，topLeftPoint往左移动x = x + ww = -wif h < 0:  # bottomRightPoint在topLeftPoint上侧时，topLeftPoint往上移动y = y + hh = -hreturn QRectF(x, y, w, h)def physicalRectF(self, rectf):'''计算划定的截图区域的（缩放倍率1.0的）原始矩形（会变大）rectf：划定的截图区域的矩形。可为QRect或QRectF'''return QRectF(rectf.x() * self._pixelRatio, rectf.y() * self._pixelRatio,rectf.width() * self._pixelRatio, rectf.height() * self._pixelRatio)def logicalRectF(self, physicalRectF):'''根据原始矩形计算缩放后的矩形（会变小）physicalRectF：缩放倍率1.0的原始矩形。可为QRect或QRectF'''return QRectF(physicalRectF.x() / self._pixelRatio, physicalRectF.y() / self._pixelRatio,physicalRectF.width() / self._pixelRatio, physicalRectF.height() / self._pixelRatio)def physicalPixmap(self, rectf, editAction=False):'''根据指定区域获取其原始大小的（缩放倍率1.0的）QPixmaprectf：指定区域。可为QRect或QRectFeditAction:是否带上编辑结果'''if editAction:canvasPixmap = self.screenPhysicalPixmapCopy()self._painter.begin(canvasPixmap)self.paintEachEditAction(self._painter, textBorder=False)self._painter.end()return canvasPixmap.copy(self.physicalRectF(rectf).toRect())else:return self._screenPixmap.copy(self.physicalRectF(rectf).toRect())def screenPhysicalRectF(self):return QRectF(self._screenPixmap.rect())def screenLogicalRectF(self):return QRectF(QPointF(0, 0), self.screenLogicalSizeF())  # 即当前屏幕显示的大小def screenPhysicalSizeF(self):return QSizeF(self._screenPixmap.size())def screenLogicalSizeF(self):return QSizeF(self._screenPixmap.width() / self._pixelRatio, self._screenPixmap.height() / self._pixelRatio)def screenPhysicalPixmapCopy(self):return self._screenPixmap.copy()def screenLogicalPixmapCopy(self):return self._screenPixmap.scaled(self.screenLogicalSizeF().toSize())def centerPhysicalRectF(self):return self.physicalRectF(self._rt_center)def centerLogicalRectF(self):'''根据屏幕上的start、end两个QPointF确定'''return self._rt_centerdef centerPhysicalPixmap(self, editAction=True):'''截图区域的QPixmapeditAction:是否带上编辑结果'''return self.physicalPixmap(self._rt_center + QMarginsF(-1, -1, 1, 1), editAction=editAction)def centerTopMid(self):return self._pt_centerTopMiddef centerBottomMid(self):return self._pt_centerBottomMiddef centerLeftMid(self):return self._pt_centerLeftMiddef centerRightMid(self):return self._pt_centerRightMiddef setStartPoint(self, pointf, remake=False):self._pt_start = pointfif remake:self.remakeNightArea()def setEndPoint(self, pointf, remake=False):self._pt_end = pointfif remake:self.remakeNightArea()def setCenterArea(self, start, end):self._pt_start = startself._pt_end = endself.remakeNightArea()def remakeNightArea(self):'''重新划分九宫格区域。根据中央截图区域计算出来的其他8个区域、截图区域四个边框中点坐标等都是logical的'''self._rt_center = self.normalizeRectF(self._pt_start, self._pt_end)# 中央区域上下左右边框的中点，用于调整大小self._pt_centerTopMid = (self._rt_center.topLeft() + self._rt_center.topRight()) / 2self._pt_centerBottomMid = (self._rt_center.bottomLeft() + self._rt_center.bottomRight()) / 2self._pt_centerLeftMid = (self._rt_center.topLeft() + self._rt_center.bottomLeft()) / 2self._pt_centerRightMid = (self._rt_center.topRight() + self._rt_center.bottomRight()) / 2# 以截图区域左上、上中、右上、左中、右中、左下、下中、右下为中心的正方形区域，用于调整大小self._square_topLeft = self.squareAreaByCenter(self._rt_center.topLeft())self._square_topRight = self.squareAreaByCenter(self._rt_center.topRight())self._square_bottomLeft = self.squareAreaByCenter(self._rt_center.bottomLeft())self._square_bottomRight = self.squareAreaByCenter(self._rt_center.bottomRight())self._square_topMid = self.squareAreaByCenter(self._pt_centerTopMid)self._square_bottomMid = self.squareAreaByCenter(self._pt_centerBottomMid)self._square_leftMid = self.squareAreaByCenter(self._pt_centerLeftMid)self._square_rightMid = self.squareAreaByCenter(self._pt_centerRightMid)# 除中央截图区域外的8个区域self._rt_topLeft = QRectF(self._rt_screen.topLeft(), self._rt_center.topLeft())self._rt_top = QRectF(QPointF(self._rt_center.topLeft().x(), 0), self._rt_center.topRight())self._rt_topRight = QRectF(QPointF(self._rt_center.topRight().x(), 0), QPointF(self._rt_screen.width(), self._rt_center.topRight().y()))self._rt_left = QRectF(QPointF(0, self._rt_center.topLeft().y()), self._rt_center.bottomLeft())self._rt_right = QRectF(self._rt_center.topRight(), QPointF(self._rt_screen.width(), self._rt_center.bottomRight().y()))self._rt_bottomLeft = QRectF(QPointF(0, self._rt_center.bottomLeft().y()), QPointF(self._rt_center.bottomLeft().x(), self._rt_screen.height()))self._rt_bottom = QRectF(self._rt_center.bottomLeft(), QPointF(self._rt_center.bottomRight().x(), self._rt_screen.height()))self._rt_bottomRight = QRectF(self._rt_center.bottomRight(), self._rt_screen.bottomRight())def squareAreaByCenter(self, pointf):'''以QPointF为中心的正方形QRectF'''rectf = QRectF(0, 0, 15, 15)rectf.moveCenter(pointf)return rectfdef aroundAreaIn8Direction(self):'''中央区域周边的8个方向的区域（无交集）'''return [self._rt_topLeft, self._rt_top, self._rt_topRight,self._rt_left, self._rt_right,self._rt_bottomLeft, self._rt_bottom, self._rt_bottomRight]def aroundAreaIn4Direction(self):'''中央区域周边的4个方向的区域（有交集）上区域(左上、上、右上)：0, 0, maxX, topRight.y下区域(左下、下、右下)：0, bottomLeft.y, maxX, maxY-bottomLeft.y左区域(左上、左、左下)：0, 0, bottomLeft.x, maxY右区域(右上、右、右下)：topRight.x, 0, maxX - topRight.x, maxY'''screenSizeF = self.screenLogicalSizeF()pt_topRight = self._rt_center.topRight()pt_bottomLeft = self._rt_center.bottomLeft()return [QRectF(0, 0, screenSizeF.width(), pt_topRight.y()),QRectF(0, pt_bottomLeft.y(), screenSizeF.width(), screenSizeF.height() - pt_bottomLeft.y()),QRectF(0, 0, pt_bottomLeft.x(), screenSizeF.height()),QRectF(pt_topRight.x(), 0, screenSizeF.width() - pt_topRight.x(), screenSizeF.height())]def aroundAreaWithoutIntersection(self):'''中央区域周边的4个方向的区域（无交集）上区域(左上、上、右上)：0, 0, maxX, topRight.y下区域(左下、下、右下)：0, bottomLeft.y, maxX, maxY-bottomLeft.y左区域(左)：0, topRight.y, bottomLeft.x-1, center.height右区域(右)：topRight.x+1, topRight.y, maxX - topRight.x, center.height'''screenSizeF = self.screenLogicalSizeF()pt_topRight = self._rt_center.topRight()pt_bottomLeft = self._rt_center.bottomLeft()centerHeight = pt_bottomLeft.y() - pt_topRight.y()return [QRectF(0, 0, screenSizeF.width(), pt_topRight.y()),QRectF(0, pt_bottomLeft.y(), screenSizeF.width(), screenSizeF.height() - pt_bottomLeft.y()),QRectF(0, pt_topRight.y(), pt_bottomLeft.x() - 1, centerHeight),QRectF(pt_topRight.x() + 1, pt_topRight.y(), screenSizeF.width() - pt_topRight.x(), centerHeight)]def setBeginDragPoint(self, pointf):'''计算开始拖拽位置距离截图区域左上角的向量'''self._drag_vector = pointf - self._rt_center.topLeft()def getNewPosAfterDrag(self, pointf):'''计算拖拽后截图区域左上角的新位置'''return pointf - self._drag_vectordef moveCenterAreaTo(self, pointf):'''限制拖拽不能超出屏幕范围'''self._rt_center.moveTo(self.getNewPosAfterDrag(pointf))startPointF = self._rt_center.topLeft()if startPointF.x() < 0:self._rt_center.moveTo(0, startPointF.y())startPointF = self._rt_center.topLeft()if startPointF.y() < 0:self._rt_center.moveTo(startPointF.x(), 0)screenSizeF = self.screenLogicalSizeF()endPointF = self._rt_center.bottomRight()if endPointF.x() > screenSizeF.width():self._rt_center.moveBottomRight(QPointF(screenSizeF.width(), endPointF.y()))endPointF = self._rt_center.bottomRight()if endPointF.y() > screenSizeF.height():self._rt_center.moveBottomRight(QPointF(endPointF.x(), screenSizeF.height()))self.setCenterArea(self._rt_center.topLeft(), self._rt_center.bottomRight())def setBeginAdjustPoint(self, pointf):'''判断开始调整截图区域大小时鼠标左键在哪个区（不可能是中央区域），用于判断调整大小的意图方向'''self._mousePos = self.getMousePosBy(pointf)def getMousePosBy(self, pointf):if self._square_topLeft.contains(pointf):return 'TL'elif self._square_topMid.contains(pointf):return 'T'elif self._square_topRight.contains(pointf):return 'TR'elif self._square_leftMid.contains(pointf):return 'L'elif self._rt_center.contains(pointf):return 'CENTER'elif self._square_rightMid.contains(pointf):return 'R'elif self._square_bottomLeft.contains(pointf):return 'BL'elif self._square_bottomMid.contains(pointf):return 'B'elif self._square_bottomRight.contains(pointf):return 'BR'else:return 'ERROR'def adjustCenterAreaBy(self, pointf):'''根据开始调整截图区域大小时鼠标左键在哪个区（不可能是中央区域），判断调整大小的意图方向，判定新的开始、结束位置'''startPointF = self._rt_center.topLeft()endPointF = self._rt_center.bottomRight()if self._mousePos == 'TL':startPointF = pointfelif self._mousePos == 'T':startPointF = QPointF(startPointF.x(), pointf.y())elif self._mousePos == 'TR':startPointF = QPointF(startPointF.x(), pointf.y())endPointF = QPointF(pointf.x(), endPointF.y())elif self._mousePos == 'L':startPointF = QPointF(pointf.x(), startPointF.y())elif self._mousePos == 'R':endPointF = QPointF(pointf.x(), endPointF.y())elif self._mousePos == 'BL':startPointF = QPointF(pointf.x(), startPointF.y())endPointF = QPointF(endPointF.x(), pointf.y())elif self._mousePos == 'B':endPointF = QPointF(endPointF.x(), pointf.y())elif self._mousePos == 'BR':endPointF = pointfelse:  # 'ERROR'returnnewRectF = self.normalizeRectF(startPointF, endPointF)self.setCenterArea(newRectF.topLeft(), newRectF.bottomRight())def getMouseShapeBy(self, pointf):'''根据鼠标位置返回对应的鼠标样式'''if self._rt_center.contains(pointf):if self.god.isDrawRectangle or self.god.isDrawEllipse:return QtCore.Qt.CursorShape.ArrowCursorelif self.god.isDrawGraffiti:return QtCore.Qt.CursorShape.PointingHandCursor  # 超链接上的手势elif self.god.isDrawText:return QtCore.Qt.CursorShape.IBeamCursor  # 工字else:return QtCore.Qt.CursorShape.SizeAllCursor  # 十字有箭头# return QtCore.Qt.CursorShape.OpenHandCursor  # 打开的手，表示可拖拽elif self._square_topLeft.contains(pointf) or self._square_bottomRight.contains(pointf):return QtCore.Qt.CursorShape.SizeFDiagCursor  # ↖↘elif self._square_topMid.contains(pointf) or self._square_bottomMid.contains(pointf):return QtCore.Qt.CursorShape.SizeVerCursor  # ↑↓elif self._square_topRight.contains(pointf) or self._square_bottomLeft.contains(pointf):return QtCore.Qt.CursorShape.SizeBDiagCursor  # ↙↗elif self._square_leftMid.contains(pointf) or self._square_rightMid.contains(pointf):return QtCore.Qt.CursorShape.SizeHorCursor  # ←→else:return QtCore.Qt.CursorShape.CrossCursor  # 十字无箭头def isMousePosInCenterRectF(self, pointf):return self._rt_center.contains(pointf)def paintMagnifyingGlassPixmap(self, pos, glassSize):'''绘制放大镜内的图像(含纵横十字线)pos:鼠标光标位置glassSize:放大镜边框大小'''pixmapRect = QRect(0, 0, 20, 20)  # 以鼠标光标为中心的正方形区域，最好是偶数pixmapRect.moveCenter(pos)glassPixmap = self.physicalPixmap(pixmapRect)glassPixmap.setDevicePixelRatio(1.0)glassPixmap = glassPixmap.scaled(glassSize, glassSize, QtCore.Qt.AspectRatioMode.KeepAspectRatio)# 在放大后的QPixmap上画纵横十字线self._painter.begin(glassPixmap)halfWidth = glassPixmap.width() / 2halfHeight = glassPixmap.height() / 2self._painter.setPen(self.god.pen_SolidLine_lightBlue)self._painter.drawLine(QPointF(0, halfHeight), QPointF(glassPixmap.width(), halfHeight))self._painter.drawLine(QPointF(halfWidth, 0), QPointF(halfWidth, glassPixmap.height()))self._painter.end()return glassPixmapdef paintEachEditAction(self, painter, textBorder=True):'''绘制所有已保存的编辑行为。编辑行为超出截图区域也无所谓，保存图像时只截取截图区域内textBorder:是否绘制文本边框'''for action in self.getEditActions():if action[0] == 'rectangle':  # (type, color, lineWidth, startPoint, endPoint)self.paintRectangle(painter, action[1], action[2], action[3], action[4])elif action[0] == 'ellipse':  # (type, color, lineWidth, startPoint, endPoint)self.paintEllipse(painter, action[1], action[2], action[3], action[4])elif action[0] == 'graffiti':  # (type, color, lineWidth, points)self.paintGraffiti(painter, action[1], action[2], action[3])elif action[0] == 'text':  # (type, color, font, rectf, txt)self.paintTextInput(painter, action[1], action[2], action[3], action[4], textBorder=textBorder)def paintRectangle(self, painter, color, lineWidth, startPoint=None, endPoint=None):if not startPoint:startPoint = self._pt_startEditif not endPoint:endPoint = self._pt_endEditqrectf = self.normalizeRectF(startPoint, endPoint)if qrectf.isValid():pen = QPen(color)pen.setWidth(lineWidth)painter.setPen(pen)painter.setBrush(self.god.color_transparent)painter.drawRect(qrectf)def paintEllipse(self, painter, color, lineWidth, startPoint=None, endPoint=None):if not startPoint:startPoint = self._pt_startEditif not endPoint:endPoint = self._pt_endEditqrectf = self.normalizeRectF(startPoint, endPoint)if qrectf.isValid():pen = QPen(color)pen.setWidth(lineWidth)painter.setPen(pen)painter.setBrush(self.god.color_transparent)painter.drawEllipse(qrectf)def paintGraffiti(self, painter, color, lineWidth, pointfs=None):if not pointfs:pointfs = self.getGraffitiPointFs()pen = QPen(color)pen.setWidth(lineWidth)painter.setPen(pen)total = len(pointfs)if total == 0:returnelif total == 1:painter.drawPoint(pointfs[0])else:previousPoint = pointfs[0]for i in range(1, total):nextPoint = pointfs[i]painter.drawLine(previousPoint, nextPoint)previousPoint = nextPointdef paintTextInput(self, painter, color, font, rectf, txt, textBorder=True):painter.setPen(color)painter.setFont(font)painter.drawText(rectf, txt, self._textOption)if textBorder:painter.setPen(QtCore.Qt.PenStyle.DotLine)  # 点线painter.setBrush(self.god.color_transparent)painter.drawRect(rectf)def getEditActions(self):return self._actions.copy()def takeTextInputActionAt(self, pointf):'''根据鼠标位置查找已保存的文本输入结果，找到后取出'''for i in range(len(self._actions)):action = self._actions[i]if action[0] == 'text' and action[3].contains(pointf):return self._actions.pop(i)return Nonedef undoEditAction(self):reply = Falseif self._actions:reply = self._actions.pop()if not self._actions:  # 所有编辑行为都被撤销后退出编辑模式self.god.exitEditMode()else:self.god.exitEditMode()return replydef clearEditActions(self):self._actions.clear()def setBeginEditPoint(self, pointf):'''在截图区域上绘制矩形、椭圆时鼠标左键按下的位置（topLeft）'''self._pt_startEdit = pointfself.god.isDrawing = Truedef setEndEditPoint(self, pointf):'''在截图区域上绘制矩形、椭圆时鼠标左键松开的位置（bottomRight）'''self._pt_endEdit = pointfdef saveRectangleAction(self):rectf = self.normalizeRectF(self._pt_startEdit, self._pt_endEdit)self._actions.append(('rectangle', self.god.toolbar.curColor(), self.god.toolbar.curLineWidth(),rectf.topLeft(), rectf.bottomRight()))self._pt_startEdit = QPointF()self._pt_endEdit = QPointF()self.god.isDrawing = Falsedef saveEllipseleAction(self):rectf = self.normalizeRectF(self._pt_startEdit, self._pt_endEdit)self._actions.append(('ellipse', self.god.toolbar.curColor(), self.god.toolbar.curLineWidth(),rectf.topLeft(), rectf.bottomRight()))self._pt_startEdit = QPointF()self._pt_endEdit = QPointF()self.god.isDrawing = Falsedef saveGraffitiPointF(self, pointf, first=False):self._pointfs.append(pointf)if first:self.god.isDrawing = Truedef getGraffitiPointFs(self):return self._pointfs.copy()def saveGraffitiAction(self):if self._pointfs:self._actions.append(('graffiti', self.god.toolbar.curColor(), self.god.toolbar.curLineWidth(), self._pointfs.copy()))self._pointfs.clear()self.god.isDrawing = Falsedef setBeginInputTextPoint(self, pointf):'''在截图区域上输入文字时鼠标左键按下的位置（topLeft）'''self.god.isDrawing = Trueself.god.textInputWg.beginNewInput(pointf, self._pt_end)def saveTextInputAction(self):txt = self.god.textInputWg.toPlainText()if txt:rectf = self.god.textInputWg._maxRect  # 取最大矩形的topLeftrectf.setSize(QRectF(self.god.textInputWg.rect()).size())  # 取实际矩形的宽高self._actions.append(('text', self.god.toolbar.curColor(), self.god.toolbar.curFont(),rectf, txt))self.god.textInputWg.clear()self.god.textInputWg.hide()  # 不管保存成功与否都取消编辑self.god.isDrawing = Falsedef saveNightAreaImg(self):'''将九宫格区域保存为本地图片，仅用于开发测试'''screenPixmap = self.screenPhysicalPixmapCopy()self._painter.begin(screenPixmap)self._painter.setPen(self.pen_SolidLine_lightBlue)self._painter.setFont(self.god.font_normal)self._painter.drawRect(self._rt_center)for area in self.aroundAreaIn8Direction():self._painter.drawRect(area)for pointf in [self._rt_center.topLeft(), self._rt_center.topRight(),self._rt_center.bottomLeft(), self._rt_center.bottomRight(),self._pt_centerTopMid, self._pt_centerBottomMid,self._pt_centerLeftMid, self._pt_centerRightMid]:self._painter.drawText(pointf + QPointF(5, -5), '(%s, %s)' % (pointf.x(), pointf.y()))self._painter.end()screenPixmap.save('1.jpg', quality=100)self.centerPhysicalPixmap().save('2.jpg', quality=100)class ScreenShotWidget(QWidget):fileType_all = '所有文件 (*);;Excel文件 (*.xls *.xlsx);;图片文件 (*.jpg *.jpeg *.gif *.png *.bmp)'fileType_img = '图片文件 (*.jpg *.jpeg *.gif *.png *.bmp)'dir_lastAccess = os.getcwd()  # 最后访问目录def __init__(self):super().__init__()self.setMouseTracking(True)self.setWindowFlags(QtCore.Qt.WindowType.FramelessWindowHint | QtCore.Qt.WindowType.WindowStaysOnTopHint)self.initPainterTool()self.initFunctionalFlag()self.screenArea = ScreenArea(self)self.toolbar = ScreenShotToolBar(self)self.textInputWg = TextInputWidget(self)# 设置 screenPixmap 为窗口背景# palette = QtGui.QPalette()# palette.setBrush(QtGui.QPalette.ColorRole.Window, QtGui.QBrush(self.screenArea.screenPhysicalPixmapCopy()))# self.setPalette(palette)def start(self):self.screenArea.captureScreen()self.setGeometry(self.screenArea.screenPhysicalRectF().toRect())self.clearScreenShotArea()self.showFullScreen()def initPainterTool(self):self.painter = QPainter()self.color_transparent = QtCore.Qt.GlobalColor.transparentself.color_black = QColor(0, 0, 0, 64)  # 黑色背景self.color_lightBlue = QColor(30, 120, 255)  # 浅蓝色。深蓝色QtCore.Qt.GlobalColor.blueself.font_normal = QtGui.QFont('Times New Roman', 11, QtGui.QFont.Weight.Normal)self.font_textInput = QtGui.QFont('微软雅黑', 16, QtGui.QFont.Weight.Normal)  # 工具条文字工具默认字体self.pen_transparent = QPen(QtCore.Qt.PenStyle.NoPen)  # 没有笔迹，画不出线条self.pen_white = QPen(QtCore.Qt.GlobalColor.white)self.pen_SolidLine_lightBlue = QPen(self.color_lightBlue)  # 实线，浅蓝色self.pen_SolidLine_lightBlue.setStyle(QtCore.Qt.PenStyle.DashLine)  # 实线SolidLine，虚线DashLine，点线DotLineself.pen_SolidLine_lightBlue.setWidthF(0)  # 0表示线宽为1self.pen_DashLine_lightBlue = QPen(self.color_lightBlue)  # 虚线，浅蓝色self.pen_DashLine_lightBlue.setStyle(QtCore.Qt.PenStyle.DashLine)def initFunctionalFlag(self):self.hasScreenShot = False  # 是否已通过拖动鼠标左键划定截图区域self.isCapturing = False  # 正在拖动鼠标左键选定截图区域时self.isMoving = False  # 在截图区域内拖动时self.isAdjusting = False  # 在截图区域的边框按住鼠标左键调整大小时self.isDrawing = False  # 是否已在截图区域内开始绘制self.isDrawRectangle = False  # 正在截图区域内画矩形self.isDrawEllipse = False  # 正在截图区域内画椭圆self.isDrawGraffiti = False  # 正在截图区域内进行涂鸦self.isDrawText = False  # 正在截图区域内画文字self.setCursor(QtCore.Qt.CursorShape.CrossCursor)  # 设置鼠标样式 十字def paintEvent(self, event):centerRectF = self.screenArea.centerLogicalRectF()screenSizeF = self.screenArea.screenLogicalSizeF()canvasPixmap = self.screenArea.screenPhysicalPixmapCopy()# canvasPixmap = QPixmap(screenSizeF.toSize())# canvasPixmap.fill(self.color_transparent)# 在屏幕截图的副本上绘制已选定的截图区域self.painter.begin(canvasPixmap)if self.hasScreenShot:self.paintCenterArea(centerRectF)  # 绘制中央截图区域self.paintMaskLayer(screenSizeF, fullScreen=False)  # 绘制截图区域的周边区域遮罩层else:self.paintMaskLayer(screenSizeF)self.paintMagnifyingGlass(screenSizeF)  # 在鼠标光标右下角显示放大镜self.paintToolbar(centerRectF, screenSizeF)  # 在截图区域右下角显示工具条self.paintEditActions()  # 在截图区域绘制编辑行为结果self.painter.end()# 把画好的绘制结果显示到窗口上self.painter.begin(self)self.painter.drawPixmap(0, 0, canvasPixmap)  # 从坐标(0, 0)开始绘制self.painter.end()def paintCenterArea(self, centerRectF):'''绘制已选定的截图区域'''self.painter.setRenderHint(QPainter.RenderHint.Antialiasing, True)  # 反走样# 1.绘制矩形线框self.painter.setPen(self.pen_DashLine_lightBlue)self.painter.drawRect(centerRectF)# 2.绘制矩形线框4个端点和4条边框的中间点if centerRectF.width() >= 100 and centerRectF.height() >= 100:points = [  # 点坐标centerRectF.topLeft(), centerRectF.topRight(), centerRectF.bottomLeft(), centerRectF.bottomRight(),self.screenArea.centerLeftMid(), self.screenArea.centerRightMid(),self.screenArea.centerTopMid(), self.screenArea.centerBottomMid()]blueDotRadius = QPointF(2, 2)  # 椭圆蓝点self.painter.setBrush(self.color_lightBlue)for point in points:self.painter.drawEllipse(QRectF(point - blueDotRadius, point + blueDotRadius))# 3.在截图区域左上角显示截图区域宽高if centerRectF.topLeft().y() > 20:labelPos = centerRectF.topLeft() + QPointF(5, -5)else:  # 拖拽截图区域到贴近屏幕上边缘时“宽x高”移动到截图区域左上角的下侧labelPos = centerRectF.topLeft() + QPointF(5, 15)centerPhysicalRect = self.screenArea.centerPhysicalRectF().toRect()self.painter.setPen(self.pen_white)self.painter.setFont(self.font_normal)self.painter.drawText(labelPos, '%s x %s' % (centerPhysicalRect.width(), centerPhysicalRect.height()))# 4.在屏幕左上角预览截图结果# self.painter.drawPixmap(0, 0, self.screenArea.centerPhysicalPixmap())  # 从坐标(0, 0)开始绘制def paintMaskLayer(self, screenSizeF, fullScreen=True):if fullScreen:  # 全屏遮罩层maskPixmap = QPixmap(screenSizeF.toSize())maskPixmap.fill(self.color_black)self.painter.drawPixmap(0, 0, maskPixmap)else:  # 绘制截图区域的周边区域遮罩层，以凸显截图区域# 方法一：截图区域以外的8个方向区域# for area in self.screenArea.aroundAreaIn8Direction():#     area = area.normalized()#     maskPixmap = QPixmap(area.size().toSize())  # 由于float转int的精度问题，可能会存在黑线条缝隙#     maskPixmap.fill(self.color_black)#     self.painter.drawPixmap(area.topLeft(), maskPixmap)# 方法二：截图区域以外的上下左右区域（有交集，交集部分颜色加深，有明显的纵横效果）# for area in self.screenArea.aroundAreaIn4Direction():#     maskPixmap = QPixmap(area.size().toSize())#     maskPixmap.fill(self.color_black)#     self.painter.drawPixmap(area.topLeft(), maskPixmap)# 方法三：截图区域以外的上下左右区域（无交集）for area in self.screenArea.aroundAreaWithoutIntersection():maskPixmap = QPixmap(area.size().toSize())maskPixmap.fill(self.color_black)self.painter.drawPixmap(area.topLeft(), maskPixmap)def paintMagnifyingGlass(self, screenSizeF, glassSize=150, offset=30, labelHeight=30):'''未划定截图区域模式时、正在划定截取区域时、调整截取区域大小时在鼠标光标右下角显示放大镜glassSize:放大镜正方形边长offset:放大镜任意一个端点距离鼠标光标位置的最近距离labelHeight:pos和rgb两行文字的高度'''if self.hasScreenShot and (not self.isCapturing) and (not self.isAdjusting):returnpos = QtGui.QCursor.pos()glassPixmap = self.screenArea.paintMagnifyingGlassPixmap(pos, glassSize)  # 画好纵横十字线后的放大镜内QPixmap# 限制放大镜显示不超出屏幕外glassRect = glassPixmap.rect()if (pos.x() + glassSize + offset) < screenSizeF.width():if (pos.y() + offset + glassSize + labelHeight) < screenSizeF.height():glassRect.moveTo(pos + QPoint(offset, offset))else:glassRect.moveBottomLeft(pos + QPoint(offset, -offset))else:if (pos.y() + offset + glassSize + labelHeight) < screenSizeF.height():glassRect.moveTopRight(pos + QPoint(-offset, offset))else:glassRect.moveBottomRight(pos + QPoint(-offset, -offset))self.painter.drawPixmap(glassRect.topLeft(), glassPixmap)# 显示pos:(x, y)、rgb:(255,255,255)qrgb = QtGui.QRgba64.fromArgb32(glassPixmap.toImage().pixel(glassPixmap.rect().center()))labelRectF = QRectF(glassRect.bottomLeft().x(), glassRect.bottomLeft().y(), glassSize, labelHeight)self.painter.setPen(self.pen_transparent)self.painter.setBrush(self.color_black)  # 黑底self.painter.drawRect(labelRectF)self.painter.setPen(self.pen_white)self.painter.setFont(self.font_normal)self.painter.drawText(labelRectF,QtCore.Qt.AlignmentFlag.AlignLeft | QtCore.Qt.AlignmentFlag.AlignVCenter,'pos:(%s, %s)\nrgb:(%s, %s, %s)' % (pos.x(), pos.y(), qrgb.red8(), qrgb.green8(), qrgb.blue8()))def paintToolbar(self, centerRectF, screenSizeF):'''在截图区域右下角显示工具条'''if self.hasScreenShot:if self.isCapturing or self.isAdjusting:self.toolbar.hide()  # 正在划定截取区域时、调整截图区域大小时不显示工具条else:self.toolbar.adjustSize()toolbarRectF = QRectF(self.toolbar.rect())# 工具条位置优先顺序：右下角下侧，右上角上侧，右下角上侧if (screenSizeF.height() - centerRectF.bottomRight().y()) > toolbarRectF.height():toolbarRectF.moveTopRight(centerRectF.bottomRight() + QPointF(-5, 5))elif centerRectF.topRight().y() > toolbarRectF.height():toolbarRectF.moveBottomRight(centerRectF.topRight() + QPointF(-5, -5))else:toolbarRectF.moveBottomRight(centerRectF.bottomRight() + QPointF(-5, -5))# 限制工具条的x坐标不为负数，不能移出屏幕外if toolbarRectF.x() < 0:pos = toolbarRectF.topLeft()pos.setX(centerRectF.x() + 5)toolbarRectF.moveTo(pos)self.toolbar.move(toolbarRectF.topLeft().toPoint())self.toolbar.show()else:self.toolbar.hide()def paintEditActions(self):'''在截图区域绘制编辑行为结果。编辑行为超出截图区域也无所谓，保存图像时只截取截图区域内'''# 1.绘制正在拖拽编辑中的矩形、椭圆、涂鸦if self.isDrawRectangle:self.screenArea.paintRectangle(self.painter, self.toolbar.curColor(), self.toolbar.curLineWidth())elif self.isDrawEllipse:self.screenArea.paintEllipse(self.painter, self.toolbar.curColor(), self.toolbar.curLineWidth())elif self.isDrawGraffiti:self.screenArea.paintGraffiti(self.painter, self.toolbar.curColor(), self.toolbar.curLineWidth())# 2.绘制所有已保存的编辑行为self.screenArea.paintEachEditAction(self.painter)def clearEditFlags(self):self.isDrawing = Falseself.isDrawRectangle = Falseself.isDrawEllipse = Falseself.isDrawGraffiti = Falseself.isDrawText = Falsedef exitEditMode(self):'''退出编辑模式'''self.clearEditFlags()self.toolbar.onActionTriggered(None)  # 清空工具条工具按钮选中状态self.textInputWg.hide()def clearScreenShotArea(self):'''清空已划定的截取区域'''self.screenArea.clearEditActions()  # 清除已保存的编辑行为self.exitEditMode()self.hasScreenShot = Falseself.isCapturing = Falsepos = QPointF()self.screenArea.setCenterArea(pos, pos)self.update()self.setCursor(QtCore.Qt.CursorShape.CrossCursor)  # 设置鼠标样式 十字def mousePressEvent(self, event):if event.button() == QtCore.Qt.MouseButton.LeftButton:pos = event.position()if self.hasScreenShot:if self.isDrawRectangle or self.isDrawEllipse:self.screenArea.setBeginEditPoint(pos)elif self.isDrawGraffiti:  # 保存涂鸦经过的每一个点self.screenArea.saveGraffitiPointF(pos, first=True)elif self.isDrawText:if self.isDrawing:if QRectF(self.textInputWg.rect()).contains(pos):pass  # 在输入框内调整光标位置，忽略else:  # 鼠标点到输入框之外，完成编辑self.screenArea.saveTextInputAction()else:  # 未开始编辑时（暂不支持文本拖拽）action = self.screenArea.takeTextInputActionAt(pos)if action:  # 鼠标点到输入框之内，修改旧的文本输入self.textInputWg.loadTextInputBy(action)else:  # 鼠标点到输入框之外，开始新的文本输入self.screenArea.setBeginInputTextPoint(pos)elif self.screenArea.isMousePosInCenterRectF(pos):self.isMoving = True  # 进入拖拽移动模式self.screenArea.setBeginDragPoint(pos)else:self.isAdjusting = True  # 进入调整大小模式self.screenArea.setBeginAdjustPoint(pos)else:self.screenArea.setCenterArea(pos, pos)self.isCapturing = True  # 进入划定截图区域模式if event.button() == QtCore.Qt.MouseButton.RightButton:if self.hasScreenShot or self.isCapturing:  # 清空已划定的的截图区域self.clearScreenShotArea()else:self.close()def mouseReleaseEvent(self, event):if event.button() == QtCore.Qt.MouseButton.LeftButton:if self.isDrawRectangle:self.screenArea.saveRectangleAction()elif self.isDrawEllipse:self.screenArea.saveEllipseleAction()elif self.isDrawGraffiti:self.screenArea.saveGraffitiAction()self.isCapturing = Falseself.isMoving = Falseself.isAdjusting = Falseself.toolbar.show()def mouseMoveEvent(self, event):pos = event.position()if self.isDrawing:if self.isDrawRectangle or self.isDrawEllipse:self.screenArea.setEndEditPoint(pos)elif self.isDrawGraffiti:self.screenArea.saveGraffitiPointF(pos)elif self.isCapturing:self.hasScreenShot = Trueself.screenArea.setEndPoint(pos, remake=True)elif self.isMoving:self.screenArea.moveCenterAreaTo(pos)elif self.isAdjusting:self.screenArea.adjustCenterAreaBy(pos)self.update()if self.hasScreenShot:self.setCursor(self.screenArea.getMouseShapeBy(pos))else:self.setCursor(QtCore.Qt.CursorShape.CrossCursor)  # 设置鼠标样式 十字def mouseDoubleClickEvent(self, event):if event.button() == QtCore.Qt.MouseButton.LeftButton:if self.screenArea.isMousePosInCenterRectF(event.position()):self.save2Clipboard()self.close()def keyPressEvent(self, QKeyEvent):if QKeyEvent.key() == QtCore.Qt.Key.Key_Escape:self.close()if QKeyEvent.key() in (QtCore.Qt.Key.Key_Return, QtCore.Qt.Key.Key_Enter):  # 大键盘、小键盘回车self.save2Clipboard()self.close()def save2Clipboard(self):'''将截图区域复制到剪贴板'''if self.hasScreenShot:mimData = QtCore.QMimeData()mimData.setImageData(self.screenArea.centerPhysicalPixmap().toImage())QApplication.clipboard().setMimeData(mimData)# self.screenArea.saveNightAreaImg()self.close()def save2Local(self):fileType = self.fileType_imgfilePath, fileFormat = self.sys_selectSaveFilePath(self, fileType=fileType)if filePath:self.screenArea.centerPhysicalPixmap().save(filePath, quality=100)self.close()def sys_getCurTime(self, fmt='%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S'):'''获取字符串格式的当前时间'''# return QtCore.QDateTime.currentDateTime().toString('yyyy-MM-dd hh:mm:ss')return datetime.now().strftime(fmt)def sys_selectSaveFilePath(self, widget, title='选择文件保存路径', saveFileDir=None,saveFileName='', defaultFileFmt='%Y%m%d%H%M%S', fileType=None):'''选择文件保存路径title:选择窗口标题saveFileDir:指定保存目录saveFileName:默认保存文件名defaultFileFmt:不指定saveFileName时，自动以此格式的时间字符串命名文件fileType:可以选择的文件类型return:(所选的文件保存路径, 文件的类型)'''options = QFileDialog.Option.ReadOnlyif saveFileName == '':saveFileName = self.sys_getCurTime(defaultFileFmt)if not saveFileDir:saveFileDir = self.dir_lastAccesssaveFilePath = os.path.join(saveFileDir, saveFileName)if not fileType:fileType = self.fileType_allfilePath, fileFormat = QFileDialog.getSaveFileName(widget, title, saveFilePath, fileType, options=options)if filePath:self.dir_lastAccess = os.path.dirname(filePath)return (filePath, fileFormat)class MainWindow(QMainWindow):def __init__(self):super(MainWindow, self).__init__()self.setWindowTitle('自定义截图工具展示')self.screenShotWg = ScreenShotWidget()centralLayout = QVBoxLayout()centralLayout.addWidget(QPushButton('开始截图', clicked=lambda: self.screenShot()))centralLayout.addWidget(QPushButton('隐藏本窗口后截图', clicked=lambda: self.screenShot(True)))centralWidget = QWidget()centralWidget.setLayout(centralLayout)self.setCentralWidget(centralWidget)def screenShot(self, hide=False):if hide:self.showMinimized()self.screenShotWg.start()if __name__ == '__main__':app = QApplication(sys.argv)translator = QtCore.QTranslator()  # 颜色选取窗口、字体选择窗口中文化if translator.load("D:/dev/Python38/Lib/site-packages/PyQt6/Qt6/translations/qtbase_zh_CN.qm"):app.installTranslator(translator)main = MainWindow()main.show()sys.exit(app.exec())

三、结语

其实，实现了涂鸦就相当于实现了矩形、椭圆、箭头、马赛克、文字等功能，只不过你要有用鼠标精细化描线的能力。其他诸如插入表情、序号笔、长截图、鼠标右键拖拽自由区域截图、获取已打开窗口的句柄感应截图、识别图中文字、翻译图中文字等都是可以实现的，只不过坑太深了，不想挖了。
很多时候我们感到迷茫，是因为我们走得太远了，以至于忘记了为何而出发。
而我，我只是想截个图而已。