考研英语红宝书单词——必考词

U1

perish

A family of four perished in the fire.

We are programmed to perish.

perpetual

adj.

perpetual warfare

continuous

perplex

They were perplexed by her response. 困惑的

adj perplexing

rake

耙子

sensation

a burning sensation

She seemed to have lost all sensation in her arms.

sequence

described the sequence of events

一系列；一连串

C.U

These pages are out of sequence. 乱序

Number the pages in sequence. 依次

serial

serial number

a novel in serial form

verdict

C ruling

The jury returned a verdict (= gave a verdict ) of guilty.

a verdict on sth/sb 权威结论

verify/justify/certify

核实/证明正当/证明

verified *adj.*已查清的；已证实的

justified *adj.*有正当理由的，有合理解释的

cerified adj. 有合格证书的，获得资格的； (certification)

U2

cling

~ (on) to sb/sth

cling to/on to sth 不愿放弃；坚持

fomulate

formulate a policy/theory/plan/proposal

C a formulation 配方

formidable

adj. a formidable opponent

soak

VN soak the beans

soar

Unemployment has soared to 18%.

The rocket soared (up) into the air.

soluble /ˈsɒljəbl/

adj.

~ (in sth) Sugar is soluble in water.

The problem is soluble.

detain

The police detain a man.

U3

sour

adj.

sour apples 酸苹果

a sour flavour 酸味

aesthetic/esthetic

adj.

From the esthetic view, it was a beautiful continent.

affiliate

~ sb/sth (with/to sb/sth)

affiliated to a party

breed-bred-bred

He used to breed dogs for the police.

brevity=conciseness

For brevity, you will use the second approach here.

commend

~ sb (for sth/for doing sth)

The reports commend her bravery.

deteriorate

Her health deteriorated rapidly.

plausible

adj.

Her story sounded perfectly plausible.

entail

All policies entail risk.

What would my work entail?

plea

~ (for sth) plea for help

a plea of guilty/not guilty 承认/不承认有罪

porder

~ (about/on/over sth)

She pondered over his words.

The senator pondered the question for a moment.

U4

aggravate

aggravate his condition

aggregate

*adj.*aggregate demand 总需求

UnThey won 4–2 on aggregate.

VNaggregate a large volume of ratings

brisk

adj.

a brisk walk

Ice-cream vendors were doing a brisk trade (= selling a lot of ice cream) .

agitate

~ (for/against sth)

political groups agitating for social change

agitate the water

compel

compel sb to do

compel him to support the child after it was born

complement

The team needs players who complement each other .

C/U

~ (to sth)

a complement to his programs

deffuse

V/VN

deffuse into

Technologies diffuse rapidly.

endorse

endorse their opinion

Endorse the check on the back.

outrages

Environmentalists have expressed outrage at the ruling/verdict.

speculate

speculate about the future

speculate why he did it

speculate that he died of a cerebral haemorrhage

outset

at the outset 在一开始

comply

~ (with sth)

They refused to comply with the UN resolution. 联合国的决议

U5

bid-bid-bid-bidding

I bid ￡2 000 for the painting.

~ (on sth for sth)

A French firm will be bidding for the contract.

demographic

adj.

a demographic advantage

The main reason for growth is demographic.

immerse

~ sb/sth (in sth)

~ yourself/sb in sth

imminent /ˈɪmɪnənt/

adj.

Every one feels that a disaster is imminent, as if a catastrophe is about to come.

U6

derive

~ from

derive greater pleasure from buying things

flaw

~ (in sth)

There was a fatal flaw in the plan.

fling

fling a brick

hitherto /ˌhɪðəˈtuː/

adv.

Hitherto European integration has been pushed through economic liberalisation.

目前欧洲一体化已经通过经济自由化得到了推动。

hitherto unknown

designate /ˈdezɪɡneɪt/

This area has been designated (as) a National Park.

hinder

~ sb/sth (from sth/from doing sth)

An injury was hindering him from playing his best.

impart

~ sth (to sb)

impart what they know to others

implement

implement changes/decisions/policies/reforms

C 工具

agricultural implements

implication

C usually pl.

~ (for/of sth)

implications of their actions

implicit

adj.

Despite these advantages, implicit conclusions may not always be more effective than explicit conclusions.

implicit meanings

反：explicit 显性

impulse

C usually sing.U

~ (to do sth)

a sudden impulse to stand up and sing

petition /pəˈtɪʃn/

~ (against/for sth)

a petition with 80000 signatures 请愿书

a petition for all charges to be dropped

phase /feɪz/

the initial/final phase of the project 工程的初始╱最后阶段

a critical/decisive phase 关键性╱决定性阶段

the design phase 设计阶段

pierce

V/VN

~ (through) sth

The arrow pierced his shoulder

corporate/corporation incorporate/incorporation

cooperate/cooperation

collaborate/collaboration

reasonable/sensible/rational

sophisticated

adj.

Medical techniques are becoming more sophisticated all the time.

sovereign

Following the death of Queen Elizabeth II, a new Sovereign has acceded to The Throne.

sow-sowed-sowed/sown

V/VN

Sow the seeds in rows.

toll

a toll road/bridge 收费道路╱桥梁

motorway tolls 高速公路通行费

C usually sing.

The official death toll has now reached 7 000. （战争、灾难等造成的）毁坏；伤亡人数

U7

bore

Monuments and museums bore him to tears. 使无聊

Falling into a routine can turn a person into an utter bore.

enforce

~ sth (on/against sb/sth)

enforce the law

~ sth (on sb)

ou can’t enforce cooperation between the players.

engage

~ sb (as sth) 雇佣

engage in 参加

~ (with sth/sb) engage with young minds 理解

engage the enemy 交战

engagement

~ (to sb) 订婚

official engagement 约定，约会，预约

C/U

The terms of engagement are to be agreed in writing. 雇佣

avoid an engagement with the enemy 交火

folk

pl.

类似people ordinary working-class folk

adj,

folk music

forge

forge new links between management and workers

forge a passport/banknote/cheque 伪造护照╱钞票╱支票

swords forged from steel 用钢锻造的刀剑

forgery

He was found guilty of forgery. 伪造罪

The letter was a forgery. 伪造品

grim

adj.

a grim face 严肃

the grim walls of the prison 令人抑郁的监狱四壁

gross /ɡrəʊs/

adj.

gross weight

gross domestic product（GDP）

incorporate

~ sth (in/into/within sth)

Many of your suggestions have been incorporated in the plan. 你的很多建议已纳入计划中。

signify

She signified her approval with a smile.

slack

adj.

The rope suddenly went slack

slack decipline

conductive

adj.

Salt water is much more conductive than fresh water is.

conducive

adj.

be conducive to

mediate

~ (in sth) / ~ (between A and B)

mediate in the dispute

mediate differences/disputes/problems

elaborate

~ (on/upon sth)

elaborate on his reasons

elaborate her argument

elementary

adj.

an elementary English course

eliminate

~ sth/sb (from sth)

The police have eliminated two suspects from their investigation.

the elimination of disease/poverty/crime 消除疾病╱贫困╱犯罪

deduce

V that / VN

~ (sth) (from sth)

We can deduce a lot from what people choose to buy.

skeleton /ˈskelɪt(ə)n/

The human skeleton consists of 206 bones.

sketch

C 素描

favourable

~ (to/for sb/sth)

The terms of the agreement are favourable to both sides. 协议条款对双方都有利。

U9

radical

adj. 根本的，彻底的；激进的，极端的；

oblige

VN to inf

Circumstances oblige me to do that.

sb (by doing sth) / ~ sb (with sth) （根据要求或需要）帮忙，效劳

I’d be happy to oblige.

obscure

adj.

The meaning is still obscure to me.

ideology

adj.

This ideology was hypocritical. /hɪpəˈkrɪtɪk(ə)/

magnitude

the magnitude of the problem

savage /ˈsævɪdʒ/

adj.

a savage attack

panel /ˈpænl/

a panel of scholars

an advisory panel

panorama /ˌpænəˈrɑːmə/

a superb panorama of the mountains

abide abided abided

abide by the law

handicap /ˈhændikæp/

C/U

mental/physical/visual handicap

shield /ʃiːld/

U11

tow

tow away my car

ultimate /ˈʌltɪmət/

adj.

ultimate goal/aim/objective/target

wearing

*adj.*使人疲倦的，令人厌烦的；

a wearing journey

whirl /wɜːl/

Leaves whirled in the wind.

zigzag

The lightning bolt is a zigzag.

电闪是一个之字形。

U12

glamour /ˈɡlæmə®/

We need someone with youth, glamour and pizzazz.

我们需要一位年富力强、魅力十足、风度翩翩的人。

harsh

adj.

（环境）恶劣的，艰苦的；严厉的，残酷的；刺耳的，难听的；刺眼的，耀眼的；丑陋的；刺激性强的，太强力的

illusion

C/U

I have no illusions about her feelings for me.

Mirrors in a room often give an illusion of space.

illustrate

~ sth (with sth) 用示例、图画等）说明，解释

Last year’s sales figures are illustrated in Figure 2. 图2显示了去年的销售数字。

demonstrate

~ sth (to sb) 证明；证实；论证；说明

legitimate

adj.

I think this is a very legitimate concern.

legitimate rights

leisure

Leisure is often defined in opposition to work.

lever

Pull the lever.

mandate

C （政府或组织等经选举而获得的）授权

~ (to do sth) ~ (for sth)

manifest

~ sth (in sth)

~ itself (in sth) 显现；使人注意到

The symptoms of the disease manifested themselves ten days later.

十天后，这种病的症状显现出来。

adj.

~ (to sb) (in sth) ~ (in sth)

His nervousness was manifest to all those present.

manipulate

控制，操纵，影响

~ (sb into sth/into doing sth)

She uses her charm to manipulate people.

（熟练地）操作，使用

manipulate the gears and levers of a machine

manufacture

（用机器）大量生产，成批制造

manufactured goods 工业品

生成，产生（一种物质）

Vitamins cannot be manufactured by our bodies. 维生素不能由人体来生成。

massacre /ˈmæsəkə®/

C/U

Nobody survived the massacre. 这次大屠杀无人幸免。

holocaust /ˈhɒləkɔːst/

The Holocaust is used to refer to the killing by the Nazis of millions of Jews during the Second World War. (第二次世界大战中纳粹对犹太人的) 大屠杀

offset

~ sth (against sth)

Prices have risen in order to offset the increased cost of materials.

为补偿原料成本的增加而提高了价格。

partial /ˈpɑːʃl/

adj.

It was only a partial solution to the problem.

U13

embark

embarked on a ship

embark on the project 着手做

embarked the troops

enhance

enhance the reputation of the company

embrace

embraced her son warmly

embed /ɪmˈbed/

~ sth (in sth)

The bullet embedded itself in the wall.

These attitudes are deeply embedded in our society (= felt very strongly and difficult to change) .

embody

the principles embodied in the Declaration of Human Rights

体现在《人权宣言》中的原则

elicit

~ sth (from sb)

elicit a positive response 引起积极的回应

ventilation

The only ventilation comes from tiny sliding windows. 通风

inaugurate

VN-N

~ sb (as sth)

He will be inaugurated (as) President in January. 他将于一月份就任总统。

accessory

usually pl.

bicycle accessories

defy

VN 违抗；反抗

defy my teachers

patch

patches on the knees of my jeans

patent

C/U

The device was protected by patent . 这一装置受专利保护。

peculiar

adj. 奇怪的

a peculiar women who always has an illusion that others like her

~ (to sb/sth) 特有的

a species of bird peculiar to Asia

perceive

VN 认为，理解；察觉，注意到；意识到

rally

attend/hold a rally 集会

masterpiece

The work was acclaimed as a masterpiece.

该作品被誉为杰作。

prevailing

adj.

普遍的；盛行的；流行的

utter /ˈʌtə®/

utter the truth 讲真话

adj.

完全的；十足的；彻底的

utter nonsense

worship

ancestor worship 对祖先的崇拜

U15

console

~ sb/yourself (with sth)

安慰

constitute

V-N

Both of these lobes together constitute a pi bond.

上下两片叶一起组成了一根 π 键。

constitution

According to the constitution… 依照宪法…

amend

amend the constitution

monopoly

have a monopoly on

Planters enjoyed a natural monopoly because they had no competitors.

monotonous

*adj.*单调乏味的，毫无变化的；无抑扬顿挫的

It’s monotonous work, like most factory jobs.

stride

He set off with a loping stride.

psychiatry

U 精神病学，精神病治疗学

U16

compress/compass/compose

stance

(on sth)

What is the newspaper’s stance on the war?

startle

The explosion startled the horse.

statute

这组单词很容易混淆，先来看看：

statute /ˈstætʃu:t/ n.法令，法规

Is the statute unconstitutional?

法令违宪了吗？

statue /ˈstætʃu:/ n. 雕像，塑像

steer /stɪə®/

He steered the boat into the harbour. 他把船开进港。

stem

茎；（花或叶的）梗，柄

Stem cell 干细胞

They discussed ways of stemming the flow of smuggled drugs.

stem from 起源于；根源是

stern

adj.

a stern face/expression/look

assassinate

The prime minister was assassinated by extremists.

assault

U/C

assault on sb

C ( by an army, etc. 军队等 )

an assault on the capital 攻击；突击；袭击

He has been charged with assaulting a police officer.

assemble

VN/V

The cupboard is easy to assemble. 安装

We were requested to assemble in the lobby.

assembly

He was to address a public assembly on the issue.

他要对公众集会发表演说谈论这个问题。

condense

~ (sth) (into sth)

The article was condensed into just two pages. 这篇文章被简缩成两页

The steam was condensed rapidly by injecting cold water into the cylinder. 由于汽缸中注入了冷水，蒸汽迅速凝结了。

compact 压缩袖珍的

hoist

He hoisted himself onto a high stool. 他抬身坐上了一张高凳子。

narrative

a startle narrative 令人震惊的描述

The novel contains too much dialogue and not enough narrative.

adj.

叙述性的

nasty

极差的；恶心的；恶意的；有害的；严重的（伤、疾病）；粗鲁的，下流的；可恶的；难对付的

U17

stir

~ sth (into sth) / ~ sth (in)

She stirred her tea. 她搅了搅茶。

stipulate

A delivery date is stipulated in the contract.

PayPal policies stipulate that sellers must prove buyers received an item.

apt

adj.

~ to be…~ to do sth

apt to be forgetful/careless 易于…的

近：prone to sth/to do sthl 易于遭受；有做（坏事）的倾向 prone to injury 容易受伤

恰当的聪明的

disperse

V/VN

The fog began to disperse.

dismiss

（from）解雇（for sth）

dismay

VN 使失望

U 失望 looked at her dismay

discard

VN 打出无用的牌->丢弃

~ sb/sth (as sth)

He had discarded his jacket because of the heat.

distort

扭曲

exaggerate /ɪɡˈzædʒəreɪt/

I’m not exaggerating. 我不是夸张

mock

He’s always mocking my French accent. 他总是嘲笑我的法国口音。

preface

**~ sth (with sth) **为…写序言

~ sth by/with sth / ~ sth by doing sth 以…为开端；作…的开场白

preliminary /prɪˈlɪmɪnəri/

adj.

preliminary tests 初步化验

premium /ˈpriːmiəm/

rejoice

~ (at/in/over sth)

When the war ended, people finally had cause to rejoice.

U18

confine

~ sb/sth to sth

He did not confine himself to the one language.

近：restrict ~ sth (to sth)

I restrict myself to one cup of coffee a day.

configuration

C/U

Prices range from ￥119 to ￥199, depending on the particular configuration.

trait

Honesty proves to be a very important trait of a person.

traitor

~ (to sb/sth)

He was seen as a traitor to the socialist cause.

disgrace

There is no disgrace in being poor.

You’d be a disgrace.

estimate

估计

necessitate

Recent financial scandals have necessitated changes in parliamentary procedures.

最近的金融丑闻使得议会程序必须改革。

practitioner

a qualified practitioner 执业者

preach

“Don’t preach at me,” he shouted.

precede

the years preceding the war

See the preceding chapter.

precaution

usually pl.

~ (against sth)

safety precautions

precautions against fire

precedent

The trial could set an important precedent for dealing with similar cases.

ingenious

adj.

an ingenious cook

词源 genius 天才

genuine 真实的

ingenuine 过于天真的

ingredient

What is the active ingredient in aspirin?

negligible

微不足道的疏忽的

prescribe/prescription

规定，开处方 / 处方

prestige

personal prestige

presumably

很可能；大概；想必是

strenuous /ˈstrenjuəs/

adj.

strenuous efforts

艰苦卓绝的

transient /ˈtrænziənt/

adj.

His sweet dream was transient.

暂住者，流动人口

U20

dilute

he paint can be diluted with water to make a lighter shade.

adj.

dim

adj.

a dim light

dam 大坝

diminish

VN/V

compress

compressed air

comprise

VN also (be comprised of) = be consist of be conposed of

The collection comprises 327 paintings. (包含)

People with disabilities comprise a large part of the population. （组成）

conceive

~ (of) sth (as sth)

God is often conceived of as male.

conceives a child 怀孕

拓：deceive欺骗 perceive察觉

concurrent

adj.

~ (with sth)

three concurrent matches

confer

~ (with sb) (on/about sth)

I’ll confer with him on the subject.

confess

~ (to sth/to doing sth)

She confessed to the murder. 坦白坏事

epidemic /ˌepɪˈdemɪk/

To call stress an epidemic isn’t exaggeration.

episode /ˈepɪsəʊd/

The final episode will be shown next Sunday.

最后一集将于下周日播放。

epoch /ˈiːpɒk/

The death of the emperor marked the end of an epoch.

indignation

~ (at/about sth)~ (that…)

He could scarcely keep in his indignation.

indispensible

redeem /rɪˈdiːm/

He was able to redeem his watch from the pawnshop. 赎回

The excellent acting wasn’t enough to redeem a weak plot. =compensate for

U21

remainder

单复同型

He gulped down the remainder of his coffee.

remains

pl.

prehistoric remains 史前遗迹

render

~ sth (to sb/sth)~ (sb) sth

render a service to sb 给予；提供；回报

=make 使得

render a report 提交

contend

V that

（尤指在争论中）声称，主张，认为

I would contend that the minister’s thinking is flawed on this point.

我倒认为部长的想法在这一点上有漏洞。

dividend

The first quarter dividend has been increased by nearly 4 percent.

第一季度的股息增加了近4％。

exert

He exerted all his authority to make them accept the plan.

exert a profund infuence on

exert oneself 努力

exotic

*adj.*奇异的，异国风情的

prudent

adj. 谨慎的；慎重的；精明的

a prudent businessman

a prudent decision

It is clearly prudent to take all precautions.

anguish

He groaned in anguish.

anguished cries

Tears of anguish filled her eyes.

Mark looked at him in anguish.

U22

–sent是感觉的意思

resent

VN re–是反向的反向的感觉–怨恨

I deeply resented her criticism.

resent doing sth

consent

~ (to sth)

ought first to have asked your consen 共同的感觉–赞同

~ (to sth)

refute

VN deny

refute his argument

assimilate

The committee will need time to assimilate this report. 透彻理解

~ (sb) (into/to sth) （使）同化

New arrivals find it hard to assimilate.

convene

VN/V

convene a meeting

The chairman convene the senior excutives to discuss the post-pandemic development.

converge

~ (on…)

As they flow south, the five rivers converge.

probe

~ (into sth)

Probe for detail.

adj.

probing 好探索的；深入锐利的

proclaim

proclaim the good news

expire

When does your driving licence expire

你的驾照什么时候到期?

integral /ˈɪntɪɡrəl/

adj.

~ (to sth)

an integral part of the school’s curriculum

积分；完整

integrate

V/VN

~ (A) (into/with B) / ~ A and B

Integrate into a new job.

integrity

(正直) a man of integrity

(完整) the integrity of a nation

U23

cumulative

adj.

Their cumulative impact is staggering.

extravagant

adj.

Extravagant people never save money.

exaggerate 夸张的

overturn

V/VN

overturn a decision

invoke

~ sth (against sb) 援引法律

invoke this method 调用

revive

The economy is beginning to revive.

revive her

surname

=last name 姓氏

surveillance /sɜːˈveɪləns/

The police are keeping the suspects under constant surveillance .

sustain

维持，保持；忍受；支撑；

retain

retain your independence

swarm

a swarm of bees/locusts/flies

U24

twist

使弯曲，扭弯

trivial /ˈtrɪviəl/

adj.

I know it sounds trivial , but I’m worried about it.

我知道这事听起来微不足道，但我还是放心不下。

tumble /ˈtʌmb(ə)l/

Babies tumble when they are learning to walk.

跌倒

sharp tumble （经济上的）暴跌

stumble

The sudden weakness in her legs made her stumble.

~ (over/on sth) 步履蹒跚走不稳

(over/through sth) 说话结巴

tremble

~ (with sth)

My legs were trembling with fear. 颤抖

turbulent

vulgar

adj.

vulgar jokes

culprit

Police collared（逮捕） the culprit.

semester

学期

dubious /djuːbiəs/

adj.

The testimony given by him is dubious.

durable /djʊərəb(ə)l/

adj.

The thread really makes the quilt strong and durable.

duration

reduce the duration of colds

noble /ˈnəʊb(ə)l/

adj.

He died for a noble cause.

She is of noble blood.

noble intentions

revenge

They were meditating revenge.

supplement /ˈsʌplɪmənt/

U/Un

~ (to sth)

A supplement, he points out, is something that either completes something that isn’t complete or adds to something that already is complete.

他指出，一个补充物，要么是补充了不完整的事物，要么补充了已经完整的事物。

U25

prominent

adj.

重要的，著名的；显眼的，突出的；突起的，高耸的

resilient

adj.

有适应力的，有弹性的，能复原的

Dreams are resilient and enduring.

Our markets are resilient, flexible.

resort

a popular holiday resort

旅游胜地

Good fridends are the best resort in trouble.

~ to sth

We may have to resort to using untrained staff.

It’s pathetic(可悲的) that grown men have to resort to violence like this.

sue /suː/

VN/V

~ (sb) (for sth)

They intend to sue for damages.

successive

adj.

successive win 连胜

superficial

adj.

a superficial analysis

superfluous /suːˈpɜːfluəs/

adj.

So she never said superfluous words to him.

triumph /ˈtraɪʌmf/

C/U

~ (over sb/sth)

one of the greatest triumphs of modern science

It was a personal triumph over her old rival.‘

intelligible /ɪnˈtelɪdʒəb(ə)l/

adj.

~ (to sb)

His lecture was readily intelligible to all the students

U26

proposition

If yes, what is China’s proposition? （观点）

prospective

adj.

a prospective buyer

perspective

~ (on sth)

态度；观点；思考方法

protocol

a breach of protocol

breach /briːtʃ/

C/U

of sth

courtesy /ˈkɜːtəsi/

He is wanting in courtesy.

intercourse

sexual intercourse

lucrative /ˈluːkrətɪv/

adj.

lucrative overseas markets

Lucrative jobs are always dangerous.

nerve

Every nerve in her body was tense.

nerve cells 神经元

红宝书考研英语——基础词

U1

tease

VN 取笑

tedious

pearl /pɜːl/

C 珍珠

pedal /ˈped(ə)l/

C 踏板

The car should remain stationary when you take your foot off the brake pedal.

pedestrian /pəˈdestriən/

C pedestrian bridge

harassment /ˈhærəsmənt/

Sexual harassment is strickly fobidden at workplace.

hardware

Software comes free with the hardware.

heroin

海洛因

heroine

C 女英雄

lapse

She had allowed her membership to lapse. =expire

a lapse of concentration/memory 心不在焉；记错

After a lapse of six months we met up again. interval

laser

a laser beam 激光束

She’s had laser surgery on her eye.

laser printer

lash

VN/V

Huge waves lash the shore

The rain lashed at the windows

lash out (at sb/sth) 毒打怒斥

manufacture

VN （用机器）大量生产，成批制造

U the manufacture of cars 汽车制造

manuscript

C 手稿

scout

the Scouts 童子军

C 侦察兵

~ (around) (for sb/sth) 侦察，搜寻（某处）

scramble

V 爬

scramble over the wall

scramble out of the vehicle

~ (for sth) 争抢

There was an undignified（不庄重的） scramble for the best seats

scrap

C 作为量词

a scrap of paper.

scraps of information

scrape

VN/V 擦伤，摩擦

I scrape myself badly.

C/U

screw

C 螺丝钉

The screw had worked loose.

The bookcase is screwed to the wall.

scrutiny

U 仔细观察，详细审查

scrutinize

seal

印章封上（信封）海豹

seam /siːm/

The skirt ripped along a seam. 缝隙

segregate

VN ~ sb (from sb) ~ sth (from sth)

Oils segregate out of water.

segregate the two rival camps of protesters

aggregate 总计 aggravate 加重

veil /veɪl/

面纱

vein

C 静脉

A tiny wire is threaded through a vein to the heart.

velocity

Acceleration and velocity are both vectors.

加速度和速度都是矢量。

verge

on the verge of extinction = edge

verge on sth 濒临

versatile

adj. 多才多艺的
Eggs are easy to cook and are an extremely versatile food.

鸡蛋容易烹煮，怎么做着吃都行。

versus /ˈvɜːsəs/

prep. 简：vs

It is France versus Brazil in the final.

U1_2021版

pirate

海盗盗版

pistol /ˈpɪstl/

The pirates using a pistol to shoot the captain.

pit

Dig a pit.

pitch

a football/rugby pitch

plagiarism

U/C

Plagiarism is the copying of someone else’s work and passing it off as your own.

a text full of plagiarisms

plague /pleɪɡ/

plague incorporation 《瘟疫公司》

plugin /plʌgɪn/

插件

plunge /plʌndʒ/

V 下落

His weight began to plunge.

plunge sb/sth ˈinto sth 使某人经历不愉快的事情

plunge into sth 使经历

pledge /pledʒ/

~ (to do sth) given a pledge

plantation

种植园

layer

a thick layer of snow

layman

marathon

run a marathon（马拉松）

marble

a layer of marble 大理石

玻璃弹子

marine

adj.

Marine life lives in the ocean.

marital

adj.

marry

Divorce releases both the husband and wife from all marital obligations to each other.

naval

adj.

The Marine Corps is led by naval officers

navigation

avigation systems like GPS

neat

Lined paper helps keep handwriting neat.

query

VN/V

query their decision

I query, “Is this true?”

quiver

his voice quiver with fear

With a little quiver, she finally said, “Here, Daddy. It’s for you.”

quota /ˈkwəʊtə/

I’ve done my quota of work for the day.

recollect

VN =recall

I don’t recollect what he said.

reconcile /ˈrekənsaɪl/

VN ~ sth (with sth)

reconcile this contradiction

mediate 调停

reconcile with sb 和好

recreation

娱乐

rectify

You should rectify your error before it is too late.

rectify a fault

redundant

adj.

This word is redundant, it can be delected.

reed

芦苇

reel

a new reel of film

sheer

adj.

sheer delight 纯粹的快乐

sheer cliffs/slopes 悬崖峭壁；陡坡

sheet

工作表床单纸张薄片

shrewd

助记:收sh入r额e外w的d

adj.

Lawyers are shrewd and dishonest.

shutter

press the shutter 快门

百叶窗

shuttle

摆渡车

thermal

adj.

using thermal imaging to locate survivors 热成像

thermometer

温度计

What’s the thermometer read.

thesis

pl.

**~ (on sth) **论文

论点：

There is no empirical evidence to support his thesis.

thigh

大腿

thorn

荆棘

viable

adj.

Automation means that initiatives for cars sharing become much more viable.

vibrate

震动颤动

vacation/vocation

假期/工作

vicinity

There is no hospital in the immediate vicinity.

附近没有医院。

adjacent adj. 附近的

evade

助记：一味的逃避

evade all responsibility

U2

naked

adj. 赤裸的

lad

C 小伙子

He’s a nice lad.

machinery

They set the machinery in motion. 他们将机器开动起来。

magnet

The earth may be thought of as a gigantic magnet.

magnetic

adj.

The magnet is magnetic.

maiden

adj.

maiden speech 首次演讲

C 少女处女

oath

take/swear an oath of allegiance

obedience

obedient

pad

垫子

pamphlet

小册子

paradox

The paradox is irresoluble.（悖论）

parameter

Otherwise, this parameter is optional.

parasite

寄生虫 para(旁边)site(坐)

parcel

deliver a parcel

parliament

Parliament passed the bill without further amendment.

sack

Four hundred workers face the sack.

He got the sack for swearing.

saddle

鞍

scandal

a financial scandal

sanction

C usually pl

The ultimate sanction will be the closure of the restaurant.

VN 许可；准许；准予

sanction the use of force

ultraviolet

adj.

紫外线的（致命紫罗兰）

unanimous /juˈnænɪməs/

adj.

The jury returned a unanimous guilty verdict.

unanimous decision

vaccine

C,U

There is no vaccine against HIV infection.

vacuum

vacuum-packed foods

Exclusion of air creates a vacuum in the bottle.

valve

一家游戏公司

The valve has jammed shut.

jam:a traffic jam 堵塞果酱

wagon /ˈwæɡən/

a small wagon with a lean（瘦且健康的） horse.

zeal

They plunged into their work with immense zeal. 热情，热忱

~ (for/in sth)

immense=enormous/ɪˈnɔːməs/

U3

gallery

画廊美术馆

galaxy

The Galaxy consists of 100 billion stars. 银河系

peel

peel an orange/a banana

The walls have begun to peel.

peep

V （尤指通过小孔）窥视，偷看

~ (at sth) We caught her peeping through the keyhole.

penetrate /ˈpenətreɪt/

~ (into/through/to) sth

X-rays can penetrate many objects.

The knife had penetrated his chest. 刀子刺入了他的胸膛。

pension /ˈpenʃ(ə)n/

C 养老金

You will be entitled to your pension when you reach 65.

permeate /ˈpɜːmieɪt/

VN per-穿过（perfect-完整的穿过） me-移动 ate-动词

Statistics permeate modern life. 现代生活处处离不开统计。

Water will easily permeate a cotton dress. 渗透

rack /ræk/

C 架子，支架

racket /ˈrækɪt/

tennis racket

badminton racket

radioactive

adj. 放射性的

moral/immoral

The onset of the war is moral

Putin started an immoral war.

radius

半径

rag

C 破布抹布

The ragged（衣衫褴褛的） man drags a wagon（货车/马车） of rag fragments（碎片）.

fragment

C/U

raid /ei/

C 突袭空袭

It sounds like an air raid siren.

authorize a police raid

semiconductor

半导体

seminar /ˈsemɪnɑː®/

occupy a seminar room

senate

The Senate 参议院 senator 参议员

Some members of the House and Senate worked all day yesterday.

昨天众议院和参议院的一些议员工作了一整天。

United States Senate 参议院

United States House of Representatives 众议院

sew

sew a button on

shipment

The goods are ready for shipment.

shiver /ˈʃɪvə®/

A chill shiver rippled over his skin.

A sudden gust of cold wind made me shiver.

You are shivering.

shorthand

*n.*速记（法）；简略的表达方式

*adj.*速记的

tender

原意：延伸->柔软->温柔->易痛

伸->递交->投标

伸->补给车

adj. 温柔的，亲切的；柔软的

Her voice was tender, full of pity.

tempo

C/U

It’s a difficult piece, with numerous changes of tempo.

temple 庙宇

tenant /ˈtenənt/

The rent is a matter for negotiation between the landlord（房主） and the tenant（访客）.

thereafter

Thereafter she wrote articles for papers and magazines in Paris.

从那以后，她为巴黎的报纸和杂志撰稿。

thereby

Regular exercise strengthens the heart, thereby reducing the risk of heart attack.

经常锻炼可以增强心脏机能，从而减少心脏病发作的危险。

veteran /ˈvetərən/

外偷人->情场老手

adj.

He is a veteran parliamentarian whose views enjoy widespread respect.

combat veteran 战场老兵

He is veteran in playing games.

veto = override

VN 行使否决权

The president has the power of veto over all new legislation.

C/U

They need 12 votes to override his veto. 否决

ward

C 病房

He worked as a nurse on the children’s ward.

wardrobe

Jeans are a staple part of everyone’s wardrobe（衣柜）.

generaliz(s)e

~ (from sth)

~ sth (to sth) 推广，普及

warehouse /ˈweəhaʊs/

仓库

warrant

C 执行令；授权令

~ (for sth)~ (to do sth)

They issued a warrant for her arrest. 当局发出了逮捕她的令状。

VN 保证

“It’d be good for him, I’ll warrant,” Dickon said.

warrior 勇士

warranty

C/U

Is the laptop still under warranty? 保修

The television comes with a full two-year warranty.

U4

aerial /ˈeəriəl/

C天线

*adj.*航空的

Aerial photography has revolutionized（革命） the study of archaeology（考古）.

bait /beɪt/

U/C

The fish took the bait. 鱼咬了钓饵。

Television programmes are essentially bait to attract an audience for commercials.

电视节目本质上是用来吸引观众看商业广告的诱饵。

abdomen /ˈæbdəmən/

腹部

cable

Bare wires were sticking out of the cable.

电缆露出了裸线。

ebb /eb/

*n.*衰退；退潮

*vi.*衰退，衰落；（潮水或海水）退，落
The flood and ebb tides alternates with each other.

涨潮和落潮交替更迭。

fable

C/U

Aesop’s Fables 伊索寓言

facilitate

facilitate more rapid economic growth

加快经济发展

Modern inventions facilitate housework.

许多现代发明便利了家务劳动。

faculty

the faculty of sight 视觉

~ of/for (doing) sth 能力

the Faculty of Law 法学院

gang

a gang of robbers

garage /ˈɡærɑːʒ/

C 车库

gasp

喘气

V ~ (at sth) （尤指由于惊讶或疼痛而）喘气，喘息，倒抽气

C 喘气

gauge /ɡeɪdʒ/

C 测量仪器标尺 VN测量判断

gear /ɡɪə®/

hail

冰雹；雹子般的一阵

halt /hɔːlt/

VN The police were halting traffic on the parade route. 警察正阻止车辆在游行路线上行驶。

Noone can halt the advance of histroy.

ignite

Gas ignites very easily. 汽油易燃。

illuminate /ɪˈluːmɪneɪt/

The earth is illuminated by the sun.

太阳照亮地球。

jargon /ˈdʒɑːɡən/

U 行话；黑话；行业术语；切口

Try to avoid using too much jargon in business situations.

在商业场景尽量避免使用太多的行话。

jet

The jet entered Chinese airspace without permission.

那架喷气式飞机未经允许闯入中国领空。

U5

bay

Duhui Bay 都会湾

advent

the ~ of sth/sb 到来

The advent of the computer

censorship

press censorship 新闻审查制度

The advent of press censorship made the country worse.

census /ˈsensəs/

pl.

census records 普查记录

the Census 人口普查

cent

分 percent

cereal /ˈsɪəriəl/

C,U

a bowl of cereal 一碗麦片粥

debut

debut album

首张专辑
That year, Lincoln’s likeness made its debut on the penny, thanks to approval from the U.S.

那一年，由于得到了美国的批准，林肯的肖像首次出现在便士上。

decay

tooth decay 蛀牙
economic/moral/urban decay 经济/道德/城市衰退

decrit

U,C

He was accused of lies and deceit.

decimal /decimal/

*adj.*十进位的，小数的

*n.*小数；十进制

ego

He has the biggest ego of anyone I’ve ever met.

他是我所见的最自负的人。

Winning the prize really boosted her ego .

获得这个奖项大大增强了她的自信心。
He had a massive(巨大的) ego, never would he admit he was wrong.

他有极强的自我价值感，从来不会承认他错了。

fatal /ˈfeɪt(ə)l/

adj.

a fatal accident/blow/illness 致命的事故╱一击╱疾病

a fatal form of cancer 致死型癌症

faulty

adj.

有故障的

glacier /ˈɡlæsiə®/

冰川

glitter

V
There was a triumphant glitter in his eyes.

他眼睛里闪烁着胜利的光辉。

haste

he letter had clearly been written in haste . 这封信明显是在匆忙中写的。

hasty

adj.

匆忙的

hatch

V
The eggs quickly hatch into larvae.

这些卵很快孵化成幼虫。

haul

haul the car out of the stream

hawk /hɔːk/

鹰；隼

hay

a bale of hay 一大捆干草

hazard

a fire/safety hazard 火灾╱安全隐患
A new report suggests that chewing gum may be a health hazard.

一份新的报告指出，嚼口香糖可能给健康带来危害。

jolly /ˈdʒɒli/

adj.

She had a very jolly time in Korea.

latent /ˈleɪt(ə)nt/

adj.

latent disease 潜伏性疾病

reckless

adj.

cause death by reckless driving 鲁莽的

reckon

V (that) 认为预计估计
I reckon (that) I’m going to get that job.

我认为我会得到那份工作。

reclaim

VN 取回；拿回；要求归还

~ sth (from sb/sth)

The team reclaimed the title from their rivals. 这个队从对手手中夺回了冠军。

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