静默安装oracle11g单实例-腾讯云

环境检查

Oracle版本

p13390677_112040_Linux-x86-64_1of7.zip
p13390677_112040_Linux-x86-64_2of7.zip[root@lizer_tx ~]# cat /etc/issue
CentOS release 6.7 (Final)
Kernel \r on an \m[root@lizer_tx ~]# uname -r
2.6.32-573.18.1.el6.x86_64
[root@lizer_tx ~]# grep MemTotal /proc/meminfo
MemTotal:        1020224 kB
[root@lizer_tx ~]# grep SwapTotal /proc/meminfo
SwapTotal:       2047996 kB
[root@lizer_tx ~]# grep "model name" /proc/cpuinfo
model name      : Intel(R) Xeon(R) CPU E5-26xx v3
[root@lizer_tx ~]# free total       used       free     shared    buffers     cached
Mem:       1020224     949268      70956        172      65372     669660
-/+ buffers/cache:     214236     805988
Swap:      2047996          0    2047996
[root@lizer_tx ~]# df -k /tmp
Filesystem     1K-blocks     Used Available Use% Mounted on
/dev/vda1       20641404 13186532   6406356  68% /
[root@lizer_tx ~]# df -k
Filesystem     1K-blocks     Used Available Use% Mounted on
/dev/vda1       20641404 13186532   6406356  68% /

安装依赖包

yum install binutils.x86_64 compat-libcap1.x86_64 compat-libstdc++-33.x86_64 gcc.x86_64 libstdc++-devel.x86_64 gcc-c++.x86_64 glibc.x86_64 glibc-devel.x86_64 libgcc.x86_64 libstdc++.x86_64 libstdc++-devel.x86_64 libaio.x86_64 libaio-devel.x86_64 sysstat.x86_64 elfutils-libelf-devel.x86_64

上传pdksh安装
rpm -ivh pdksh-5.2.14-37.el5_8.1.x86_64.rpm

修改主机参数

vim /etc/sysctl.conf
fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576
fs.file-max = 6815744
kernel.shmall = 2097152
kernel.shmmax = 536870912
kernel.shmmni = 4096
kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500
net.core.rmem_default = 262144
net.core.rmem_max = 4194304
net.core.wmem_default = 262144
net.core.wmem_max = 1048576

修改后，使设置生效

/sbin/sysctl -p

修改用户限制

vim /etc/security/limits.confgrid    soft    nofile     1024
grid    hard    nofile     65536
grid    soft    nproc     2047
grid    hard    nproc     16384
grid    soft    stack     10240
grid    hard    stack     32768
oracle    soft    nofile     1024
oracle    hard    nofile     65536
oracle    soft    nproc     2047
oracle    hard    nproc     16384
oracle    soft    stack     10240
oracle    hard    stack     32768vim /etc/pam.d/login
session required        /lib64/security/pam_limits.so
session required        pam_limits.sovim /etc/profile
if [ $USER = "oracle" ]; then
if [ $SHELL = "/bin/ksh" ]; then
ulimit -p 16384
ulimit -n 65536
else
ulimit -u 16384 -n 65536
fi
fi

使设置生效
source /etc/profile

添加用户

groupadd oinstall
groupadd dba
useradd -g oinstall -G dba oracle

设置oracle用户密码
passwd oracle

创建安装目录(可根据情况，选择比较多空间的目录创建)

mkdir -p /u01/app/
chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01/app/
chmod -R 775 /u01/app/vim /etc/oraInst.loc
nventory_loc=/u01/app/oracle/oraInventory
inst_group=oinstall

更改文件的权限

chown oracle:oinstall /etc/oraInst.loc
chmod 664 /etc/oraInst.loc

设置oracle环境变量

su - oracle
vi ~/.bash_profile
export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle
export ORACLE_SID=orcl

注意，除了ORACLE_BASE和ORACLE_SID,(/etc/profile和.bash_profile中)不设置任何oracle相关环境变量(ORACLE_HOME, PATH, LD_LIBRARY_PATH等)。

使设置生效
source /home/oracle/.bash_profile

检查环境变量：
env

复制响应文件模板
mkdir etc cp database/response/* etc/

设置响应文件权限
chmod 700 /home/oracle/etc/*.rsp

静默安装Oracle软件

su - oracle
修改安装Oracle软件的响应文件/home/oracle/etc/db_install.rsp

oracle.install.option=INSTALL_DB_SWONLY //29 行 安装类型
ORACLE_HOSTNAME=lizer_tx //37 行 主机名称
UNIX_GROUP_NAME=oinstall //42 行 安装组
INVENTORY_LOCATION=/u01/app/oracle/oraInventory //47 行 INVENTORY目录
SELECTED_LANGUAGES=en,zh_CN,zh_TW //86 行 选择语言
ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1 //91 行 oracle_home
ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle //96 行 oracle_base
oracle.install.db.InstallEdition=EE //107 行 oracle版本
oracle.install.db.EEOptionsSelection=true //117行 自定义安装
oracle.install.db.DBA_GROUP=dba //154行 dba用户组
oracle.install.db.OPER_GROUP=oinstall //160行 oper用户组
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.type=GENERAL_PURPOSE //189行 数据库类型
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.globalDBName=orcl //194行 globalDBName
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.SID=orcl //199行 SID
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.memoryLimit=512 //229行 自动管理内存的最小内存(M)
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.installExampleSchemas=true //235行 加载示例数据表
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.password.ALL=your_passwd //262行 设定所有数据库用户使用同一个密码
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.password.SYS=your_passwd //267 指定sys用户密码
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.password.SYSTEM=your_passwd //272 指定system用户密码
DECLINE_SECURITY_UPDATES=true //385行 设置安全更新
进行静默安装Oracle软件cd database
./runInstaller -silent -force -responseFile /home/oracle/etc/db_install.rsp

查看安装日志信息了解安装进度
cd $ORACLE_BASE/oraInventory/logs tail -100f installActions*.log

出现类似如下提示表示安装完成：

Starting Oracle Universal Installer...Checking Temp space: must be greater than 120 MB.   Actual 10308 MB    Passed
Checking swap space: must be greater than 150 MB.   Actual 1999 MB    Passed
Preparing to launch Oracle Universal Installer from /tmp/OraInstall2016-08-01_05-08-51PM. Please wait ...[oracle@lizer_tx database]$ [WARNING] [INS-32055] The Central Inventory is located in the Oracle base.CAUSE: The Central Inventory is located in the Oracle base.ACTION: Oracle recommends placing this Central Inventory in a location outside the Oracle base directory.
[WARNING] [INS-13014] Target environment do not meet some optional requirements.CAUSE: Some of the optional prerequisites are not met. See logs for details. /tmp/OraInstall2016-08-01_05-08-51PM/installActions2016-08-01_05-08-51PM.logACTION: Identify the list of failed prerequisite checks from the log: /tmp/OraInstall2016-08-01_05-08-51PM/installActions2016-08-01_05-08-51PM.log. Then either from the log file or from installation manual find the appropriate configuration to meet the prerequisites and fix it manually.
You can find the log of this install session at:/u01/app/oracle/oraInventory/logs/installActions2016-08-01_05-08-51PM.log
[oracle@lizer_tx database]$ The installation of Oracle Database 11g was successful.
Please check '/u01/app/oracle/oraInventory/logs/silentInstall2016-08-01_05-08-51PM.log' for more details.As a root user, execute the following script(s):1. /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/root.shSuccessfully Setup Software.

使用root用户执行root.sh
su root /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/root.sh

增加oracle环境变量
su - oracle vi ~/.bash_profile

在最后加上以下内容

export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/11.2.0/db_1
export TNS_ADMIN=$ORACLE_HOME/network/admin
export PATH=.:${PATH}:$HOME/bin:$ORACLE_HOME/bin
export PATH=${PATH}:/usr/bin:/bin:/usr/bin/X11:/usr/local/bin
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=${LD_LIBRARY_PATH}:$ORACLE_HOME/lib
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=${LD_LIBRARY_PATH}:$ORACLE_HOME/oracm/lib
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=${LD_LIBRARY_PATH}:/lib:/usr/lib:/usr/local/lib
export CLASSPATH=${CLASSPATH}:$ORACLE_HOME/JRE
export CLASSPATH=${CLASSPATH}:$ORACLE_HOME/JRE/lib
export CLASSPATH=${CLASSPATH}:$ORACLE_HOME/jlib
export CLASSPATH=${CLASSPATH}:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib
export CLASSPATH=${CLASSPATH}:$ORACLE_HOME/network/jlib
export LIBPATH=${CLASSPATH}:$ORACLE_HOME/lib:$ORACLE_HOME/ctx/lib
export ORACLE_OWNER=oracle
export SPFILE_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/dbs
export ORA_NLS10=$ORACLE_HOME/nls/data

使设置生效

source /home/oracle/.bash_profile

静默配置网络

$ORACLE_HOME/bin/netca /silent /responseFile /home/oracle/etc/netca.rspParsing command line arguments:Parameter "silent" = trueParameter "responsefile" = /home/oracle/etc/netca.rsp
Done parsing command line arguments.
Oracle Net Services Configuration:
Profile configuration complete.
Oracle Net Listener Startup:
The information provided for this listener is currently in use by other software on this computer. Listener start failed.
Check the trace file for details: /u01/app/oracle/cfgtoollogs/netca/trace_OraDb11g_home1-1608015PM2413.log
Oracle Net Services configuration failed.  The exit code is 1

上面的网络配置可忽略
修改监听配置
cd /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/network/admin

vim listener.ora

# listener.ora Network Configuration File: /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/network/admin/listener.ora
# Generated by Oracle configuration tools.LISTENER =(DESCRIPTION_LIST =(DESCRIPTION =(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC1521))(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = lizer_tx)(PORT = 1521))))SID_LIST_LISTENER =(SID_DESC =(GLOBAL_DBNAME = orcl)(ORACLE_HOME = /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1)(SID_NAME = orcl))

vim tnsnames.ora

ORCL =(DESCRIPTION =(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = lizer_tx)(PORT = 1521))(CONNECT_DATA =(SERVER = DEDICATED)(SERVICE_NAME = ORCL)))

lsnrctl start
lsnrctl status

静默安装数据库

修改仅安装数据库的响应文件/home/oracle/etc/dbca.rsp

GDBNAME = "orcl.lizer_tx" //78 行 全局数据库的名字=SID+主机域名
SID="orcl" //170行 SID
CHARACTERSET="AL32UTF8" //418行 编码
NATIONALCHARACTERSET="UTF8" //428行 编码
进行静默安装数据库$ORACLE_HOME/bin/dbca -silent -responseFile /home/oracle/etc/dbca.rspEnter SYS user password: Enter SYSTEM user password: Copying database files
1% complete
3% complete
11% complete
18% complete
26% complete
37% complete
Creating and starting Oracle instance
40% complete
45% complete
50% complete
55% complete
56% complete
60% complete
62% complete
Completing Database Creation
66% complete
70% complete
73% complete
85% complete
96% complete
100% complete
Look at the log file "/u01/app/oracle/cfgtoollogs/dbca/orcl/orcl.log" for further details.

建库后实例检查

[oracle@lizer_tx etc]$ ps -ef | grep ora_ | grep -v grep | wc -l
21
[oracle@lizer_tx etc]$ ps -ef | grep ora_ | grep -v grep
oracle   21736     1  0 19:11 ?        00:00:00 ora_pmon_orcl
oracle   21740     1  0 19:11 ?        00:00:00 ora_psp0_orcl
oracle   21745     1  0 19:11 ?        00:00:00 ora_vktm_orcl
oracle   21751     1  0 19:11 ?        00:00:00 ora_gen0_orcl
oracle   21755     1  0 19:11 ?        00:00:00 ora_diag_orcl
oracle   21759     1  0 19:11 ?        00:00:00 ora_dbrm_orcl
oracle   21763     1  0 19:11 ?        00:00:00 ora_dia0_orcl
oracle   21767     1  0 19:11 ?        00:00:00 ora_mman_orcl
oracle   21771     1  0 19:11 ?        00:00:00 ora_dbw0_orcl
oracle   21775     1  0 19:11 ?        00:00:00 ora_lgwr_orcl
oracle   21779     1  0 19:11 ?        00:00:00 ora_ckpt_orcl
oracle   21783     1  0 19:11 ?        00:00:00 ora_smon_orcl
oracle   21787     1  0 19:11 ?        00:00:00 ora_reco_orcl
oracle   21791     1  0 19:11 ?        00:00:00 ora_mmon_orcl
oracle   21795     1  0 19:11 ?        00:00:00 ora_mmnl_orcl
oracle   21800     1  0 19:11 ?        00:00:00 ora_d000_orcl
oracle   21804     1  0 19:11 ?        00:00:00 ora_s000_orcl
oracle   21823     1  0 19:11 ?        00:00:00 ora_qmnc_orcl
oracle   21853     1  0 19:11 ?        00:00:00 ora_cjq0_orcl
oracle   21857     1  0 19:11 ?        00:00:00 ora_q000_orcl
oracle   21861     1  0 19:11 ?        00:00:00 ora_q001_orcl

windows oracle客户端配置

tnsnames.ora添加

ORCL_TX =(DESCRIPTION =(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 123.206.33.182)(PORT = 1521))(CONNECT_DATA =(SERVER = DEDICATED)(SERVICE_NAME = ORCL)))

参考：

oracle11G静默安装过程——linux环境
Oracle 10g 监听配置文件详解