CCNA培训课总结笔记--RIPv1负载均衡(六)

实验目的:

验证RIP负载均衡,而RIP的负载均衡是由跳数决定,如果跳数相同则起到负载均衡.

实验拓扑图:

实验内容:

路由器的基本配置

R上的

Router>en

Router#conf t

Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.

照样粘贴上基本的命令

Router(config)#enable password cisco

Router(config)#no ip domain-lookup

Router(config)#line con 0

Router(config-line)# exec-timeout 0 0

Router(config-line)# logging synchronous

Router(config-line)#

Router(config-line)#line aux 0

Router(config-line)# exec-timeout 0 0

Router(config-line)# logging synchronous

Router(config-line)#line vty 0 4

Router(config-line)#

Router(config-line)# exec-timeout 0 0

Router(config-line)# password cisco

Router(config-line)#

Router(config-line)# login

Router(config-line)#

Router(config-line)#alias exec a sh ip int bri

Router(config)#alias exec b sh ip route

Router(config)#alias exec c sh ip route rip

Router(config)#alias exec d sh run

配置好名称,接口地址

Router(config)#hostname R1

R1(config)#interface loopback 1

R1(config-if)#ip address <?xml:namespace prefix = st1 ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:smarttags" />1.1.1.1 255.255.255.0

R1(config-if)#exit

R1(config)#interface e0/0

R1(config-if)#ip address 172.16.1.1 255.255.255.0

R1(config-if)#no shutdown

R1(config-if)#exit

R1(config)#interface s1/0

R1(config-if)#ip address

*Mar 1 00:14:04.503: %LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface Ethernet0/0, changed state to up

*Mar 1 00:14:05.503: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Ethernet0/0, changed state to up

R1(config-if)#ip address 172.16.2.1 255.255.255.0

R1(config-if)#clock rate 64000

R1(config-if)#no shutdown

R2上的

Router(config)#hostname R2

R2(config)#interface s1/0

R2(config-if)#ip address 172.16.2.2 255.255.255.0

R2(config-if)#no shutdown

R2(config-if)#exit

R2(config)#interface s1/1

R2(config-if)#ip address 172.16.

*Mar 1 00:14:57.579: %LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface Serial1/0, changed state to up

R2(config-if)#ip address 172.16.3.1

*Mar 1 00:14:58.583: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Serial1/0, changed state to up

R2(config-if)#ip address 172.16.3.1 255.255.255.0

R2(config-if)#clock rate 64000

R2(config-if)#no shutdown

R2(config-if)#exit

R3上的

Router(config)#hostname R3

R3(config)#interface loopback 0

R3(config-if)#ip address 3.3.3.3 255.255.255.0

R3(config-if)#exit

R3(config)#interface e0/0

R3(config-if)#ip address 172.16.1.2 255.255.255.0

R3(config-if)#no shutdown

R3(config-if)#exit

R3(config)#interface s1/1

R3(config-if)#ip address 172.16.3.2 255.255.255.0

R3(config-if)#no shutdown

好了,现在开始配置RIP

先在R1上,宣告接口网络

R1(config)#router rip

R1(config-router)#network 1.0.0.0

R1(config-router)#network 172.16.2.0

R1(config-router)#network 172.16.1.0

R2上的,两样的格式

R2(config)#router rip

R2(config-router)#network 172.16.2.0

R2(config-router)#network 172.16.3.0

R3上的

R3(config)#router rip

R3(config-router)#network 3.0.0.0

R3(config-router)#network 172.16.1.0

R3(config-router)#network 172.16.3.0

配置好后,查看一下路由表

R1的路由表

R1#show ip route

Codes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP

D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area

N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2

E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2

i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2

ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route

o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route

<?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" />

Gateway of last resort is not set

1.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets

C 1.1.1.0 is directly connected, Loopback1

R 3.0.0.0/8 [120/1] via 172.16.1.2, 00:00:03, Ethernet0/0

172.16.0.0/24 is subnetted, 3 subnets

C 172.16.1.0 is directly connected, Ethernet0/0

C 172.16.2.0 is directly connected, Serial1/0

R 172.16.3.0 [120/1] via 172.16.2.2, 00:00:10, Serial1/0

[120/1] via 172.16.1.2, 00:00:03, Ethernet0/0

注意最后的一条RIP路由,可以看到去172.16.3.0的路由已经产生了负载均衡的现象,因为它们的跳数是相同的.

R2上的路由表

R2#show ip route

Codes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP

D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area

N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2

E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2

i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2

ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route

o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route

Gateway of last resort is not set

R 1.0.0.0/8 [120/1] via 172.16.2.1, 00:00:24, Serial1/0

R 3.0.0.0/8 [120/1] via 172.16.3.2, 00:00:03, Serial1/1

172.16.0.0/24 is subnetted, 3 subnets

R 172.16.1.0 [120/1] via 172.16.2.1, 00:00:24, Serial1/0

[120/1] via 172.16.3.2, 00:00:03, Serial1/1

C 172.16.2.0 is directly connected, Serial1/0

C 172.16.3.0 is directly connected, Serial1/1

很清楚也显示了所有的链路.

R3的路由表

R3#show ip route

Codes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP

D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area

N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2

E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2

i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2

ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route

o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route

Gateway of last resort is not set

R 1.0.0.0/8 [120/1] via 172.16.1.1, 00:00:03, Ethernet0/0

3.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets

C 3.3.3.0 is directly connected, Loopback0

172.16.0.0/24 is subnetted, 3 subnets

C 172.16.1.0 is directly connected, Ethernet0/0

R 172.16.2.0 [120/1] via 172.16.3.1, 00:00:17, Serial1/1

[120/1] via 172.16.1.1, 00:00:03, Ethernet0/0

C 172.16.3.0 is directly connected, Serial1/1

最后,用扩展的ping命令来测试负载均衡

先从R1的loopback 0 接口上pingR3的S1/1口

R1#ping

Protocol [ip]:

Target IP address: 172.16.3.2

Repeat count [5]:

Datagram size [100]:

Timeout in seconds [2]:

Extended commands [n]: y

Source address or interface: 1.1.1.1

Type of service [0]:

Set DF bit in IP header? [no]:

Validate reply data? [no]:

Data pattern [0xABCD]:

Loose, Strict, Record, Timestamp, Verbose[none]: r

Number of hops [ 9 ]:

Loose, Strict, Record, Timestamp, Verbose[RV]:

Sweep range of sizes [n]:

Type escape sequence to abort.

Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 172.16.3.2, timeout is 2 seconds:

Packet sent with a source address of 1.1.1.1

Packet has IP options: Total option bytes= 39, padded length=40

Record route: <*>

(0.0.0.0)

Reply to request 0 (136 ms). Received packet has options

Total option bytes= 40, padded length=40

Record route:

(172.16.2.1)

(172.16.3.1)

(172.16.3.2)

(172.16.1.2)

(1.1.1.1) <*>

(0.0.0.0)

End of list

Reply to request 1 (112 ms). Received packet has options

Total option bytes= 40, padded length=40

Record route:

(172.16.1.1)

(172.16.3.2)

(172.16.1.2)

(1.1.1.1) <*>

(0.0.0.0)

End of list

Reply to request 2 (160 ms). Received packet has options

Total option bytes= 40, padded length=40

Record route:

(172.16.2.1)

(172.16.3.1)

(172.16.3.2)

(172.16.1.2)

(1.1.1.1) <*>

(0.0.0.0)

End of list

Reply to request 3 (112 ms). Received packet has options

Total option bytes= 40, padded length=40

Record route:

(172.16.1.1)

(172.16.3.2)

(172.16.1.2)

(1.1.1.1) <*>

(0.0.0.0)

End of list

Reply to request 4 (160 ms). Received packet has options

Total option bytes= 40, padded length=40

Record route:

(172.16.2.1)

(172.16.3.1)

(172.16.3.2)

(172.16.1.2)

(1.1.1.1) <*>

(0.0.0.0)

End of list

可以注意到数据包的路径可以发现,来回的路径不同,也就是说数据包是走了负载均衡的.

转载于:https://blog.51cto.com/bennie/101394

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