以下程序均来自《Python.UNIX和Linux系统管理指南》

首先要设置ssh无密码登陆

操作步骤：

1. 生成ssh密钥

[root@os1 ~]# ssh-keygen -t rsa

Generating public/private rsa key pair.

Enter file in which to save the key (/root/.ssh/id_rsa):

Enter passphrase (empty for no passphrase):

Enter same passphrase again:

Your identification has been saved in /root/.ssh/id_rsa.

Your public key has been saved in /root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub.

The key fingerprint is:

65:55:08:91:6b:7e:06:e6:17:e6:c3:6b:c6:db:94:3c root@os1

2. 将公共密钥拷贝到被远程的机器上

[root@os1 ~]# cd /root/.ssh/

[root@os1 .ssh]# scp id_rsa.pub root@10.33.0.223:/root/.ssh

3. 在被远程的机器上执行

[root@os2 .ssh]# cat id_rsa.pub > authorized_keys

4. 测试ssh登陆

[root@os1 .ssh]# ssh root@10.33.0.223

Last login: Tue Jul  9 11:26:29 2013 from 10.33.1.28

[root@os2 ~]# exit

logout

Connection to 10.33.0.223 closed.

一个简单的基于ssh的分发器

dispatch.py

#!/usr/bin/env python

import subprocess

machines = ["192.168.137.2", "192.168.137.3"]

cmd = "uname -a"

for machine in machines:

subprocess.call("ssh root@%s %s" % (machine, cmd), shell=True)

运行结果：

[root@centos python]# python dispatch.py

Linux centos 2.6.18-308.el5 #1 SMP Tue Feb 21 20:05:41 EST 2012 i686 i686 i386 GNU/Linux

Linux centos-zh 2.6.18-308.el5 #1 SMP Tue Feb 21 20:05:41 EST 2012 i686 i686 i386 GNU/Linux

一个高级的基于ssh的分发器，将要远程连接的机器IP和要执行的命令写在配置文件config.ini里，然后读取配置文件来执行

config.ini

[MACHINES]

CENTOS: 192.168.137.2

CENTOS2: 192.168.137.3

[COMMANDS]

uname: uname -a

advanced_dispatch.py

#!/usr/bin/env python

import subprocess

import ConfigParser

def readConfig(file="config.ini"):

ips = []

cmds = []

Config = ConfigParser.ConfigParser()

Config.read(file)

machines = Config.items("MACHINES")

commands = Config.items("COMMANDS")

for ip in machines:

ips.append(ip[1])

for cmd in commands:

cmds.append(cmd[1])

return ips, cmds

ips, cmds = readConfig()

for ip in ips:

for cmd in cmds:

subprocess.call("ssh root@%s %s" %(ip, cmd), shell=True)

运行结果：

[root@centos python]# python advanced_dispatch.py

Linux centos 2.6.18-308.el5 #1 SMP Tue Feb 21 20:05:41 EST 2012 i686 i686 i386 GNU/Linux

Linux centos-zh 2.6.18-308.el5 #1 SMP Tue Feb 21 20:05:41 EST 2012 i686 i686 i386 GNU/Linux

基于ssh的多线程分发器

配置文件同上config.inithreaded_dispatch.py

#!/usr/bin/env python

import subprocess

import ConfigParser

from threading import Thread

from Queue import Queue

import time

"""

A threaded ssh-based command dispatch system

"""

start = time.time()

queue = Queue()

def readConfig(file="config.ini"):

ips = []

cmds = []

Config = ConfigParser.ConfigParser()

Config.read(file)

machines = Config.items("MACHINES")

commands = Config.items("COMMANDS")

for ip in machines:

ips.append(ip[1])

for cmd in commands:

cmds.append(cmd[1])

return ips, cmds

def launcher(i, q, cmd):

while True:

ip = q.get()

print "Thread %s: Running %s to %s" % (i, cmd, ip)

subprocess.call("ssh root@%s %s" % (ip, cmd), shell=True)

q.task_done()

ips, cmds = readConfig()

if len(ips) < 25:

num_threads = len(ips)

else:

num_threads = 25

for i in range(num_threads):

for cmd in cmds:

worker = Thread(target=launcher, args=(i, queue, cmd))

worker.setDaemon(True)

worker.start()

print "Main Thread waiting"

print ips

for ip in ips:

queue.put(ip)

queue.join()

end = time.time()print "Dispatch Completed in %s seconds" % str(end - start)

运行结果：

[root@centos python]# python threaded_dispatch.py

Main Thread waiting

['192.168.137.2', '192.168.137.3']

Thread 0: Running uname -a to 192.168.137.2

Thread 1: Running uname -a to 192.168.137.3

Linux centos 2.6.18-308.el5 #1 SMP Tue Feb 21 20:05:41 EST 2012 i686 i686 i386 GNU/Linux

Linux centos-zh 2.6.18-308.el5 #1 SMP Tue Feb 21 20:05:41 EST 2012 i686 i686 i386 GNU/Linux

Dispatch Completed in 10.2910089493 seconds

注意：最后一个多线程，只能执行一条命令，执行多个命令时会有问题