前言

在测试机CentOS6.5中安装Oracle， 然后去服务器离线安装。

需要解决的问题有：

安装前的准备工作

Automatically downloading and installing any additional software packages and specific package versions needed for installing Oracle Grid Infrastructure and Oracle Database 12 c Release 1 (12.1) or 11g Release 2 (11.2.0.3), with package dependencies resolved via yum or up2date capabilities.

Creating the user oracle and the groups oinstall (for OraInventory) and dba (for OSDBA), which are used during database installation. (For security purposes, this user has no password by default and cannot log in remotely. To enable remote login, please set a password using the passwd tool.)

Modifying kernel parameters in /etc/sysctl.conf to change settings for shared memory, semaphores, the maximum number of file descriptors, and so on.

Setting hard and soft shell resource limits in /etc/security/limits.conf, such as the locked-in memory address space, the number of open files, the number of processes, and core file size.

Setting numa=off in the kernel for x86_64 machines.

上述是一些非常琐碎的配置， 我们可以使用oracle-rdbms-server-11gR2-preinstall来自动化设置。

安装时的依赖问题

安装oracle-rdbms-server-11gR2-preinstall时需要一些安装包， 我们需要建立本地仓库在服务器中使用。

准备工作

1. 配置本地仓库

首先下载所需要的依赖到一个单独的文件夹：

[root@lihongjie 桌面]# yumdownloader --destdir=./rpm --resolve oracle-rdbms-server-11gR2-preinstall

已加载插件：fastestmirror, refresh-packagekit

Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile

* base: ftp.sjtu.edu.cn

* extras: ftp.sjtu.edu.cn

* updates: mirrors.njupt.edu.cn

--> 执行事务检查

# .....

oracle-rdbms-server-11gR2-preinstall-1.0-14.el6.x86_64.r | 21 kB 00:00

compat-libcap1-1.10-1.x86_64.rpm | 17 kB 00:00

libstdc++-devel-4.4.7-18.el6.x86_64.rpm | 1.6 MB 00:00

cpp-4.4.7-18.el6.x86_64.rpm | 3.7 MB 00:01

kernel-container-2.6.32-0.0.0.3.el6.x86_64.rpm | 2.7 kB 00:00

libaio-devel-0.3.107-10.el6.x86_64.rpm | 13 kB 00:00

ksh-20120801-34.el6_9.x86_64.rpm | 760 kB 00:03

compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-69.el6.x86_64.rpm | 183 kB 00:00

mpfr-2.4.1-6.el6.x86_64.rpm | 157 kB 00:00

gcc-4.4.7-18.el6.x86_64.rpm | 10 MB 00:04

gcc-c++-4.4.7-18.el6.x86_64.rpm | 4.7 MB 00:01

ppl-0.10.2-11.el6.x86_64.rpm | 1.3 MB 00:00

cloog-ppl-0.15.7-1.2.el6.x86_64.rpm | 93 kB 00:00

安装创建仓库所需要的createrepo:

[root@lihongjie 桌面]# yum install createrepo

已加载插件：fastestmirror, refresh-packagekit, security

设置安装进程

Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile

* base: ftp.sjtu.edu.cn

* extras: ftp.sjtu.edu.cn

* updates: mirrors.njupt.edu.cn

解决依赖关系

# 这里省略

已安装:

createrepo.noarch 0:0.9.9-26.el6

作为依赖被安装:

deltarpm.x86_64 0:3.5-0.5.20090913git.el6

python-deltarpm.x86_64 0:3.5-0.5.20090913git.el6

完毕！

使用这个文件夹创建本地仓库：

[root@lihongjie oracle_local_repo]# createrepo .

Saving Primary metadata

Saving file lists metadata

Saving other metadata

Generating sqlite DBs

Sqlite DBs complete

添加本地仓库到yum仓库文件夹：

# 添加配置文件 /etc/yum.repos.d/oracle-local.repo

[oracle-local-repo]

name=oracle-local-repo

baseurl=file:///media/CentOS/oracle_local_repo/

gpgcheck=0

enabled=1

gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6

# 挂载光盘

[root@lihongjie oracle_local_repo_db]# mkdir /media/CentOS/

[root@lihongjie oracle_local_repo_db]# df

Filesystem 1K-blocks Used Available Use% Mounted on

/dev/mapper/vg_lihongjie-lv_root

36661960 5784924 29008032 17% /

tmpfs 1954756 460 1954296 1% /dev/shm

/dev/sda1 487652 68533 393519 15% /boot

/dev/sdb1 7846912 6900460 946452 88% /media/CENTOS_6_5_

[root@lihongjie oracle_local_repo_db]# mount /dev/sdb1 /media/CentOS/

# 查看启用的仓库

[root@lihongjie oracle_local_repo_db]# yum repolist

仓库标识 仓库名称 状态

base CentOS-6 - Base 6,706

c6-media CentOS-6 - Media 6,367

extras CentOS-6 - Extras 45

oracle-local-repo oracle-local-repo 13

updates CentOS-6 - Updates 354

repolist: 13,485

使用本地仓库安装 oracle-rdbms-server-11gR2-preinstall

yum --disablerepo=\* --enablerepo=oracle-local-repo install oracle-rdbms-server-11gR2-preinstall