SpringCloud Gateway API接口安全设计（加密、签名）

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1 防止数据抓包窃取

1.1 风险简述

简述：当用户登录时，恶意攻击者可以用抓包工具可以拿到用户提交的表单信息，可以获取用户的账号密码，进而可以恶意访问网站。

1.2 RSA 非对称加密

1.2.1 RSA简介

RSA加密算法是一种非对称加密算法。在公开密钥加密和电子商业中RSA被广泛使用。RSA是1977年由罗纳德·李维斯特（Ron Rivest）、阿迪·萨莫尔（Adi Shamir）和伦纳德·阿德曼（Leonard Adleman）一起提出的。当时他们三人都在麻省理工学院工作。RSA就是他们三人姓氏开头字母拼在一起组成的。

1973年，在英国政府通讯总部工作的数学家克利福德·柯克斯（Clifford Cocks）在一个内部文件中提出了一个相同的算法，但他的发现被列入机密，一直到1997年才被发表。对极大整数做因数分解的难度决定了RSA算法的可靠性。换言之，对一极大整数做因数分解愈困难，RSA算法愈可靠。

假如有人找到一种快速因数分解的算法的话，那么用RSA加密的信息的可靠性就肯定会极度下降。但找到这样的算法的可能性是非常小的。今天只有短的RSA钥匙才可能被强力方式解破。到目前为止，世界上还没有任何可靠的攻击RSA算法的方式。只要其钥匙的长度足够长，用RSA加密的信息实际上是不能被解破的。

1983年麻省理工学院在美国为RSA算法申请了专利。这个专利2000年9月21日失效。由于该算法在申请专利前就已经被发表了，在世界上大多数其它地区这个专利权不被承认。

1.2.2 RSA应用过程

非对称算法的在应用的过程如下:

接收方生成公钥和私钥，公钥公开，私钥保留；
发送方将要发送的消息采用公钥加密，得到密文，然后将密文发送给接收方；
接收方收到密文后，用自己的私钥进行解密，获得明文。

1.2.3 RSA工具类

package com.demo.utils;import com.demo.excepiton.RsaException;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.apache.commons.codec.binary.Base64;import javax.crypto.Cipher;
import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
import java.security.KeyFactory;
import java.security.KeyPair;
import java.security.KeyPairGenerator;
import java.security.SecureRandom;
import java.security.interfaces.RSAPrivateKey;
import java.security.interfaces.RSAPublicKey;
import java.security.spec.PKCS8EncodedKeySpec;
import java.security.spec.X509EncodedKeySpec;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;@Slf4j
public class RSAUtils {public static final String PUBLIC_KEY = "public_key";public static final String PRIVATE_KEY = "private_key";public static Map<String, String> generateRasKey() {Map<String, String> rs = new HashMap<>();try {// KeyPairGenerator类用于生成公钥和私钥对，基于RSA算法生成对象KeyPairGenerator keyPairGen = null;keyPairGen = KeyPairGenerator.getInstance("RSA");keyPairGen.initialize(1024, new SecureRandom());// 生成一个密钥对，保存在keyPair中KeyPair keyPair = keyPairGen.generateKeyPair();// 得到私钥 公钥RSAPrivateKey privateKey = (RSAPrivateKey) keyPair.getPrivate();RSAPublicKey publicKey = (RSAPublicKey) keyPair.getPublic();String publicKeyString = new String(Base64.encodeBase64(publicKey.getEncoded()));// 得到私钥字符串String privateKeyString = new String(Base64.encodeBase64((privateKey.getEncoded())));// 将公钥和私钥保存到Maprs.put(PUBLIC_KEY, publicKeyString);rs.put(PRIVATE_KEY, privateKeyString);} catch (Exception e) {log.error("RsaUtils invoke genKeyPair failed.", e);throw new RsaException("RsaUtils invoke genKeyPair failed.");}return rs;}public static String encrypt(String str, String publicKey) {try {//base64编码的公钥byte[] decoded = Base64.decodeBase64(publicKey);RSAPublicKey pubKey = (RSAPublicKey) KeyFactory.getInstance("RSA").generatePublic(new X509EncodedKeySpec(decoded));//RSA加密Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance("RSA");cipher.init(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, pubKey);return Base64.encodeBase64String(cipher.doFinal(str.getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8)));} catch (Exception e) {log.error("RsaUtils invoke encrypt failed.", e);throw new RsaException("RsaUtils invoke encrypt failed.");}}public static String decrypt(String str, String privateKey) {try {//64位解码加密后的字符串byte[] inputByte = Base64.decodeBase64(str.getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8));//base64编码的私钥byte[] decoded = Base64.decodeBase64(privateKey);RSAPrivateKey priKey = (RSAPrivateKey) KeyFactory.getInstance("RSA").generatePrivate(new PKCS8EncodedKeySpec(decoded));//RSA解密Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance("RSA");cipher.init(Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, priKey);return new String(cipher.doFinal(inputByte));} catch (Exception e) {log.error("RsaUtils invoke decrypt failed.", e);throw new RsaException("RsaUtils invoke decrypt failed.");}}}

RsaException: 是自定义异常

@Getter
public class RsaException extends RuntimeException {private final String message;public RsaException(String message) {this.message = message;}}

1.2.4 UT

package com.rosh;import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSONObject;
import com.demo.utils.RSAUtils;
import org.junit.Test;import java.util.Map;/*** @Description:* @Author: rosh* @Date: 2021/10/25 22:30*/
public class RsaTest {/***  用测试生成的公钥，私钥赋值*/private static final String PUBLIC_KEY = "MIGfMA0GCSqGSIb3DQEBAQUAA4GNADCBiQKBgQCFtTlL61IqIGd+fRLUhJ0MjsqFXFJswCohJ45m51WvbxDPRP3gllW0WChk74D5JEOpMDSWo4C7RfoGlBRNW7kQ6qYGukYZ5jgYpzoT0+gp3on96fQXEyQJysv9xiTPIdmSXXVVj1HAOJw29RbzxIVKUSzzPXvEtXRTtCC1+wkAJQIDAQAB";private static final String PRIVATE_KEY = "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";/***  生成公钥私钥*/@Testpublic void generateRsaKey() {Map<String, String> map = RSAUtils.generateRasKey();System.out.println("随机生成的公钥为:" + map.get(RSAUtils.PUBLIC_KEY));System.out.println("随机生成的私钥为:" + map.get(RSAUtils.PRIVATE_KEY));}/*** 加密: Yeidauky/iN1/whevov2+ntzXJKAp2AHfESu5ixnDqH5iB7ww+TcfqJpDfkPHfb12Y0sVXw0gBHNJ4inkh7l2/SJBze3pKQU/mg3oyDokTia3JZIs+e80/iJcSfN+yA1JaqY+eJPYiBiOGAF2S6x0ynvJg/Wj0fwp2Tq3PDzRMo=*/@Testpublic void testEncrypt() {JSONObject jsonObject = new JSONObject();jsonObject.put("username", "rosh");jsonObject.put("password", "123456");String str = jsonObject.toJSONString();String encrypt = RSAUtils.encrypt(str, PUBLIC_KEY);System.out.println(encrypt);}@Testpublic void testDecrypt() {String decrypt = RSAUtils.decrypt("Yeidauky/iN1/whevov2+ntzXJKAp2AHfESu5ixnDqH5iB7ww+TcfqJpDfkPHfb12Y0sVXw0gBHNJ4inkh7l2/SJBze3pKQU/mg3oyDokTia3JZIs+e80/iJcSfN+yA1JaqY+eJPYiBiOGAF2S6x0ynvJg/Wj0fwp2Tq3PDzRMo=",PRIVATE_KEY);System.out.println(decrypt);}}

1.3 案例

SpringCloud Gateway + SpringBoot + Nacos+redis

1.3.1 前端登录代码

后端把公钥跟前端约定好：

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head><meta charset="UTF-8"><title>登录页面</title></head>
<body><h1>登录</h1><from id="from">账号：<input id="username" type="text"/><br/>密码：<input id="password" type="password"/><br/><input id="btn_login" type="button" value="登录"/>
</from><script src="js/jquery.min.js"></script>
<script src="js/jsencrypt.js"></script><script type="text/javascript">var encrypt = new JSEncrypt();encrypt.setPublicKey("MIGfMA0GCSqGSIb3DQEBAQUAA4GNADCBiQKBgQCFtTlL61IqIGd+fRLUhJ0MjsqFXFJswCohJ45m51WvbxDPRP3gllW0WChk74D5JEOpMDSWo4C7RfoGlBRNW7kQ6qYGukYZ5jgYpzoT0+gp3on96fQXEyQJysv9xiTPIdmSXXVVj1HAOJw29RbzxIVKUSzzPXvEtXRTtCC1+wkAJQIDAQAB");$("#btn_login").click(function () {const username = $("#username").val();const password = $("#password").val();const form = {};form.username = username;form.password = password;$.ajax({url: "http://localhost:9000/api/user/login",data: encrypt.encrypt(JSON.stringify(form)),type: "POST",dataType: "json",contentType: "application/json;charset=utf-8",success: function (data) {console.log(data);}});})
</script></body>
</html>

1.3.2 前端查询代码

设定公钥、token，token是登录成功后返回的值

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head><meta charset="UTF-8"><title>查询测试</title>
</head>
<body>id：<input id="id_txt" type="text"/>
<input id="btn_search" type="button" value="查询"/><script src="js/jquery.min.js"></script>
<script src="js/jsencrypt.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript">var encrypt = new JSEncrypt();encrypt.setPublicKey("MIGfMA0GCSqGSIb3DQEBAQUAA4GNADCBiQKBgQCFtTlL61IqIGd+fRLUhJ0MjsqFXFJswCohJ45m51WvbxDPRP3gllW0WChk74D5JEOpMDSWo4C7RfoGlBRNW7kQ6qYGukYZ5jgYpzoT0+gp3on96fQXEyQJysv9xiTPIdmSXXVVj1HAOJw29RbzxIVKUSzzPXvEtXRTtCC1+wkAJQIDAQAB");$("#btn_search").click(function () {const id = $("#id_txt").val();const param = "id=" + id + "&requestId=" + getUuid();encrypt.encrypt(param);const url = "http://localhost:9000/api/user/detail?param=" + encrypt.encrypt(param);$.ajax({url: url,beforeSend: function (XMLHttpRequest) {XMLHttpRequest.setRequestHeader("token", "eyJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiJ9.eyJqdGkiOiIzYzE1ODczYS1iMGUxLTQyNzctYTRjOS1kYTMwNjdiYmE0NWIiLCJpYXQiOjE2MzUzMDYwMDAsInN1YiI6IntcInBhc3N3b3JkXCI6XCIxMjM0NTZcIixcInVzZXJJZFwiOjEsXCJ1c2VybmFtZVwiOlwiYWRtaW5cIn0iLCJleHAiOjE2MzU1NjUyMDB9.fIQi_cV2ZMszBVFV4GoIpGhCSENQKrDi8DsbArk7mGk");},type: "GET",success: function (data) {console.log(data);}});});function getUuid() {var s = [];var hexDigits = "0123456789abcdef";for (var i = 0; i < 32; i++) {s[i] = hexDigits.substr(Math.floor(Math.random() * 0x10), 1);}s[14] = "4"; // bits 12-15 of the time_hi_and_version field to 0010s[19] = hexDigits.substr((s[19] & 0x3) | 0x8, 1); // bits 6-7 of the clock_seq_hi_and_reserved to 01s[8] = s[13] = s[18] = s[23];var uuid = s.join("");return uuid;}</script></body>
</html>

1.3.3 GatewayFilterConfig

解密前端传来的参数并修改传参

package com.demo.gateway.config;import com.demo.constant.UserConstant;
import com.demo.excepiton.RSAException;
import com.demo.utils.RSAUtils;
import com.demo.utils.TokenUtils;
import io.jsonwebtoken.Claims;
import org.apache.commons.lang3.StringUtils;
import org.springframework.cloud.gateway.filter.GatewayFilterChain;
import org.springframework.cloud.gateway.filter.GlobalFilter;
import org.springframework.cloud.gateway.filter.factory.rewrite.CachedBodyOutputMessage;
import org.springframework.cloud.gateway.support.BodyInserterContext;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.core.Ordered;
import org.springframework.core.io.buffer.DataBuffer;
import org.springframework.http.HttpHeaders;
import org.springframework.http.ReactiveHttpOutputMessage;
import org.springframework.http.server.reactive.ServerHttpRequest;
import org.springframework.http.server.reactive.ServerHttpRequestDecorator;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import org.springframework.util.AntPathMatcher;
import org.springframework.web.reactive.function.BodyInserter;
import org.springframework.web.reactive.function.BodyInserters;
import org.springframework.web.reactive.function.server.HandlerStrategies;
import org.springframework.web.reactive.function.server.ServerRequest;
import org.springframework.web.server.ServerWebExchange;
import reactor.core.publisher.Flux;
import reactor.core.publisher.Mono;import java.lang.reflect.Field;
import java.net.URI;/*** @Description:* @Author: rosh* @Date: 2021/10/26 22:24*/
@Configuration
@Component
public class GatewayFilterConfig implements GlobalFilter, Ordered {@Overridepublic Mono<Void> filter(ServerWebExchange exchange, GatewayFilterChain chain) {//1 如果是登录不校验TokenString requestUrl = exchange.getRequest().getPath().value();AntPathMatcher pathMatcher = new AntPathMatcher();if (!pathMatcher.match("/user/login", requestUrl)) {String token = exchange.getRequest().getHeaders().getFirst(UserConstant.TOKEN);Claims claim = TokenUtils.getClaim(token);if (StringUtils.isBlank(token) || claim == null) {return FilterUtils.invalidToken(exchange);}}//2 修改请求参数,并获取请求参数try {updateRequestParam(exchange);} catch (Exception e) {return FilterUtils.invalidUrl(exchange);}//3 获取请求体,修改请求体ServerRequest serverRequest = ServerRequest.create(exchange, HandlerStrategies.withDefaults().messageReaders());Mono<String> modifiedBody = serverRequest.bodyToMono(String.class).flatMap(body -> {String encrypt = RSAUtils.decrypt(body, RSAConstant.PRIVATE_KEY);return Mono.just(encrypt);});//创建BodyInserter修改请求体BodyInserter<Mono<String>, ReactiveHttpOutputMessage> bodyInserter = BodyInserters.fromPublisher(modifiedBody, String.class);HttpHeaders headers = new HttpHeaders();headers.putAll(exchange.getRequest().getHeaders());headers.remove(HttpHeaders.CONTENT_LENGTH);//创建CachedBodyOutputMessage并且把请求param加入CachedBodyOutputMessage outputMessage = new CachedBodyOutputMessage(exchange, headers);return bodyInserter.insert(outputMessage, new BodyInserterContext()).then(Mono.defer(() -> {ServerHttpRequestDecorator decorator = new ServerHttpRequestDecorator(exchange.getRequest()) {@Overridepublic Flux<DataBuffer> getBody() {return outputMessage.getBody();}};return chain.filter(exchange.mutate().request(decorator).build());}));}/*** 修改前端传的参数*/private void updateRequestParam(ServerWebExchange exchange) throws NoSuchFieldException, IllegalAccessException {ServerHttpRequest request = exchange.getRequest();URI uri = request.getURI();String query = uri.getQuery();if (StringUtils.isNotBlank(query) && query.contains("param")) {String[] split = query.split("=");String param = RSAUtils.decrypt(split[1], RSAConstant.PRIVATE_KEY);Field targetQuery = uri.getClass().getDeclaredField("query");targetQuery.setAccessible(true);targetQuery.set(uri, param);}}@Overridepublic int getOrder() {return 80;}
}

1.3.4 GateWay 统一异常

public abstract class AbstractExceptionHandler {protected JSONObject buildErrorMap(Throwable ex) {JSONObject json = new JSONObject();if (ex instanceof RSAException || ex instanceof IllegalArgumentException) {json.put("code", HttpStatus.BAD_REQUEST.value());if (StringUtils.isNotBlank(ex.getMessage())){json.put("msg", ex.getMessage());}else {json.put("msg", "无效的请求");}} else {json.put("code", HttpStatus.BAD_REQUEST.value());json.put("msg", "未知错误联系管理员");}return json;}}@Configuration
public class GatewayExceptionConfig {@Primary@Bean@Order(Ordered.HIGHEST_PRECEDENCE)public ErrorWebExceptionHandler errorWebExceptionHandler(ObjectProvider<List<ViewResolver>> viewResolversProvider,ServerCodecConfigurer serverCodecConfigurer) {GatewayExceptionHandler gatewayExceptionHandler = new GatewayExceptionHandler();gatewayExceptionHandler.setViewResolvers(viewResolversProvider.getIfAvailable(Collections::emptyList));gatewayExceptionHandler.setMessageWriters(serverCodecConfigurer.getWriters());gatewayExceptionHandler.setMessageReaders(serverCodecConfigurer.getReaders());return gatewayExceptionHandler;}
}package com.demo.gateway.exception;import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSONObject;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.boot.web.reactive.error.ErrorWebExceptionHandler;
import org.springframework.http.HttpStatus;
import org.springframework.http.MediaType;
import org.springframework.http.codec.HttpMessageReader;
import org.springframework.http.codec.HttpMessageWriter;
import org.springframework.util.Assert;
import org.springframework.web.reactive.function.BodyInserters;
import org.springframework.web.reactive.function.server.RequestPredicates;
import org.springframework.web.reactive.function.server.RouterFunctions;
import org.springframework.web.reactive.function.server.ServerRequest;
import org.springframework.web.reactive.function.server.ServerResponse;
import org.springframework.web.reactive.result.view.ViewResolver;
import org.springframework.web.server.ServerWebExchange;
import reactor.core.publisher.Mono;import java.util.Collections;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;@Slf4j
public class GatewayExceptionHandler extends AbstractExceptionHandler implements ErrorWebExceptionHandler {private List<HttpMessageReader<?>> messageReaders = Collections.emptyList();private List<HttpMessageWriter<?>> messageWriters = Collections.emptyList();private List<ViewResolver> viewResolvers = Collections.emptyList();private ThreadLocal<JSONObject> exceptionHandlerResult = new ThreadLocal<>();public void setMessageReaders(List<HttpMessageReader<?>> messageReaders) {Assert.notNull(messageReaders, "'messageReaders' must not be null");this.messageReaders = messageReaders;}public void setViewResolvers(List<ViewResolver> viewResolvers) {this.viewResolvers = viewResolvers;}public void setMessageWriters(List<HttpMessageWriter<?>> messageWriters) {Assert.notNull(messageWriters, "'messageWriters' must not be null");this.messageWriters = messageWriters;}@Overridepublic Mono<Void> handle(ServerWebExchange exchange, Throwable ex) {JSONObject errorInfo = super.buildErrorMap(ex);if (exchange.getResponse().isCommitted()) {return Mono.error(ex);}exceptionHandlerResult.set(errorInfo);ServerRequest newRequest = ServerRequest.create(exchange, this.messageReaders);return RouterFunctions.route(RequestPredicates.all(), this::renderErrorResponse).route(newRequest).switchIfEmpty(Mono.error(ex)).flatMap(handler -> handler.handle(newRequest)).flatMap(response -> write(exchange, response));}protected Mono<ServerResponse> renderErrorResponse(ServerRequest request) {Map<String, Object> result = exceptionHandlerResult.get();return ServerResponse.status(HttpStatus.OK).contentType(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON).body(BodyInserters.fromValue(result));}private Mono<? extends Void> write(ServerWebExchange exchange,ServerResponse response) {exchange.getResponse().getHeaders().setContentType(response.headers().getContentType());return response.writeTo(exchange, new ResponseContext());}private class ResponseContext implements ServerResponse.Context {@Overridepublic List<HttpMessageWriter<?>> messageWriters() {return GatewayExceptionHandler.this.messageWriters;}@Overridepublic List<ViewResolver> viewResolvers() {return GatewayExceptionHandler.this.viewResolvers;}}
}

1.3.5 JAVA业务代码

@RestController
@RequestMapping("/user")
public class UserController {@Autowiredprivate UserService userService;@PostMapping("/login")public String login(@RequestBody UserForm userForm) {return userService.login(userForm);}@GetMapping("/detail")public JSONObject detail(@RequestParam("id") Long id) {return userService.detail(id);}
}@Service
public class UserService {private static final String USERNAME = "admin";private static final String PASSWORD = "123456";private static final Long USER_ID = 1L;/*** 模拟 登录 username = admin, password =123456,user_id 1L 登录成功 返回token*/public String login(UserForm userForm) {String username = userForm.getUsername();String password = userForm.getPassword();if (USERNAME.equals(username) && PASSWORD.equals(password)) {JSONObject userInfo = new JSONObject();userInfo.put("username", USERNAME);userInfo.put("password", PASSWORD);userInfo.put("userId", USER_ID);return TokenUtils.createToken(userInfo.toJSONString());}return "账号密码不正确";}public JSONObject detail(Long id) {JSONObject jsonObject = new JSONObject();jsonObject.put("id", id);jsonObject.put("name", "admin");return jsonObject;}
}

1.3.6 测试

查询：

2 设置URL有效时长

为了增强URL安全性，前端在header中添加时间戳。

2.1 前端代码

在header中添加时间戳

2.2 后端验证时间戳

private Long getDateTimestamp(HttpHeaders httpHeaders) {List<String> list = httpHeaders.get("timestamp");if (CollectionUtils.isEmpty(list)) {throw new IllegalArgumentException("拒绝服务");}long timestamp = Long.parseLong(list.get(0));long currentTimeMillis = System.currentTimeMillis();//有效时长为5分钟if (currentTimeMillis - timestamp > 1000 * 60 * 5) {throw new IllegalArgumentException("拒绝服务");}return timestamp;}

2.3 测试不传时间戳

3 确保URL唯一性

确保URL唯一性，前端请求中增加UUID，后端存入redis，有效时长为5分钟，5分钟重复提交拒绝服务

3.1 修改前端请求参数

3.2 后端增加验证RequestId

private String getRequestId(HttpHeaders headers) {List<String> list = headers.get("requestId");if (CollectionUtils.isEmpty(list)) {throw new IllegalArgumentException(ERROR_MESSAGE);}String requestId = list.get(0);//如果requestId存在redis中直接返回String temp = redisTemplate.opsForValue().get(requestId);if (StringUtils.isNotBlank(temp)) {throw new IllegalArgumentException(ERROR_MESSAGE);}redisTemplate.opsForValue().set(requestId, requestId, 5, TimeUnit.MINUTES);return requestId;}

4 增加签名

最后一步，添加签名

4.1 前端增加签名

跟前端约定好，json数据按照ASCII升序排序。

登录页面：

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head><meta charset="UTF-8"><title>登录页面</title></head>
<body><h1>登录</h1><from id="from">账号：<input id="username" type="text"/><br/>密码：<input id="password" type="password"/><br/><input id="btn_login" type="button" value="登录"/>
</from><script src="js/jquery.min.js"></script>
<script src="js/jsencrypt.js"></script>
<script src="js/md5.min.js"></script><script type="text/javascript">var encrypt = new JSEncrypt();encrypt.setPublicKey("MIGfMA0GCSqGSIb3DQEBAQUAA4GNADCBiQKBgQCFtTlL61IqIGd+fRLUhJ0MjsqFXFJswCohJ45m51WvbxDPRP3gllW0WChk74D5JEOpMDSWo4C7RfoGlBRNW7kQ6qYGukYZ5jgYpzoT0+gp3on96fQXEyQJysv9xiTPIdmSXXVVj1HAOJw29RbzxIVKUSzzPXvEtXRTtCC1+wkAJQIDAQAB");$("#btn_login").click(function () {//表单const username = $("#username").val();const password = $("#password").val();const form = {};form.username = username;form.password = password;//生成签名，也可以加盐const timestamp = Date.parse(new Date());const data = JSON.stringify(sort_ASCII(form));const requestId = getUuid();const sign = MD5(data + requestId + timestamp);$.ajax({url: "http://localhost:9000/api/user/login",beforeSend: function (XMLHttpRequest) {XMLHttpRequest.setRequestHeader("timestamp", timestamp);XMLHttpRequest.setRequestHeader("requestId", requestId);XMLHttpRequest.setRequestHeader("sign", sign);},data: encrypt.encrypt(data),type: "POST",dataType: "json",contentType: "application/json;charset=utf-8",success: function (data) {console.log(data);}});});function getUuid() {var s = [];var hexDigits = "0123456789abcdef";for (var i = 0; i < 32; i++) {s[i] = hexDigits.substr(Math.floor(Math.random() * 0x10), 1);}s[14] = "4"; // bits 12-15 of the time_hi_and_version field to 0010s[19] = hexDigits.substr((s[19] & 0x3) | 0x8, 1); // bits 6-7 of the clock_seq_hi_and_reserved to 01s[8] = s[13] = s[18] = s[23];var uuid = s.join("");return uuid;}function sort_ASCII(obj) {var arr = new Array();var num = 0;for (var i in obj) {arr[num] = i;num++;}var sortArr = arr.sort();var sortObj = {};for (var i in sortArr) {sortObj[sortArr[i]] = obj[sortArr[i]];}return sortObj;}</script></body>
</html>

4.2 增强读取Body类

/*** @Description:* @Author: Rosh* @Date: 2021/10/27 11:03*/
public class MyCachedBodyOutputMessage extends CachedBodyOutputMessage {private Map<String, Object> paramMap;private Long dateTimestamp;private String requestId;private String sign;public MyCachedBodyOutputMessage(ServerWebExchange exchange, HttpHeaders httpHeaders) {super(exchange, httpHeaders);}public void initial(Map<String, Object> paramMap, String requestId, String sign, Long dateTimestamp) {this.paramMap = paramMap;this.requestId = requestId;this.sign = sign;this.dateTimestamp = dateTimestamp;}public Map<String, Object> getParamMap() {return paramMap;}public Long getDateTimestamp() {return dateTimestamp;}public String getRequestId() {return requestId;}public String getSign() {return sign;}
}

4.3 修改GatewayFilterConfig

package com.demo.gateway.config;import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSON;
import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSONObject;
import com.alibaba.nacos.common.utils.Md5Utils;
import com.demo.constant.UserConstant;
import com.demo.gateway.pojo.MyCachedBodyOutputMessage;
import com.demo.utils.RSAUtils;
import com.demo.utils.TokenUtils;
import io.jsonwebtoken.Claims;
import org.apache.commons.lang3.StringUtils;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.cloud.gateway.filter.GatewayFilterChain;
import org.springframework.cloud.gateway.filter.GlobalFilter;
import org.springframework.cloud.gateway.support.BodyInserterContext;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.core.Ordered;
import org.springframework.core.io.buffer.DataBuffer;
import org.springframework.data.redis.core.RedisTemplate;
import org.springframework.http.HttpHeaders;
import org.springframework.http.ReactiveHttpOutputMessage;
import org.springframework.http.server.reactive.ServerHttpRequest;
import org.springframework.http.server.reactive.ServerHttpRequestDecorator;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import org.springframework.util.AntPathMatcher;
import org.springframework.util.CollectionUtils;
import org.springframework.web.reactive.function.BodyInserter;
import org.springframework.web.reactive.function.BodyInserters;
import org.springframework.web.reactive.function.server.HandlerStrategies;
import org.springframework.web.reactive.function.server.ServerRequest;
import org.springframework.web.server.ServerWebExchange;
import reactor.core.publisher.Flux;
import reactor.core.publisher.Mono;import java.lang.reflect.Field;
import java.net.URI;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.TreeMap;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;/*** @Description:* @Author: rosh* @Date: 2021/10/26 22:24*/
@Configuration
@Component
public class GatewayFilterConfig implements GlobalFilter, Ordered {@Autowiredprivate RedisTemplate<String, String> redisTemplate;private static final String ERROR_MESSAGE = "拒绝服务";@Overridepublic Mono<Void> filter(ServerWebExchange exchange, GatewayFilterChain chain) {//1 获取时间戳Long dateTimestamp = getDateTimestamp(exchange.getRequest().getHeaders());//2 获取RequestIdString requestId = getRequestId(exchange.getRequest().getHeaders());//3 获取签名String sign = getSign(exchange.getRequest().getHeaders());//4 如果是登录不校验TokenString requestUrl = exchange.getRequest().getPath().value();AntPathMatcher pathMatcher = new AntPathMatcher();if (!pathMatcher.match("/user/login", requestUrl)) {String token = exchange.getRequest().getHeaders().getFirst(UserConstant.TOKEN);Claims claim = TokenUtils.getClaim(token);if (StringUtils.isBlank(token) || claim == null) {return FilterUtils.invalidToken(exchange);}}//5 修改请求参数,并获取请求参数Map<String, Object> paramMap;try {paramMap = updateRequestParam(exchange);} catch (Exception e) {return FilterUtils.invalidUrl(exchange);}//6 获取请求体,修改请求体ServerRequest serverRequest = ServerRequest.create(exchange, HandlerStrategies.withDefaults().messageReaders());Mono<String> modifiedBody = serverRequest.bodyToMono(String.class).flatMap(body -> {String encrypt = RSAUtils.decrypt(body, RSAConstant.PRIVATE_KEY);JSONObject jsonObject = JSON.parseObject(encrypt);for (Map.Entry<String, Object> entry : jsonObject.entrySet()) {paramMap.put(entry.getKey(), entry.getValue());}checkSign(sign, dateTimestamp, requestId, paramMap);return Mono.just(encrypt);});//创建BodyInserter修改请求体BodyInserter<Mono<String>, ReactiveHttpOutputMessage> bodyInserter = BodyInserters.fromPublisher(modifiedBody, String.class);HttpHeaders headers = new HttpHeaders();headers.putAll(exchange.getRequest().getHeaders());headers.remove(HttpHeaders.CONTENT_LENGTH);//创建CachedBodyOutputMessage并且把请求param加入,初始化校验信息MyCachedBodyOutputMessage outputMessage = new MyCachedBodyOutputMessage(exchange, headers);outputMessage.initial(paramMap, requestId, sign, dateTimestamp);return bodyInserter.insert(outputMessage, new BodyInserterContext()).then(Mono.defer(() -> {ServerHttpRequestDecorator decorator = new ServerHttpRequestDecorator(exchange.getRequest()) {@Overridepublic Flux<DataBuffer> getBody() {Flux<DataBuffer> body = outputMessage.getBody();if (body.equals(Flux.empty())) {//验证签名checkSign(outputMessage.getSign(), outputMessage.getDateTimestamp(), outputMessage.getRequestId(), outputMessage.getParamMap());}return outputMessage.getBody();}};return chain.filter(exchange.mutate().request(decorator).build());}));}public void checkSign(String sign, Long dateTimestamp, String requestId, Map<String, Object> paramMap) {String str = JSON.toJSONString(paramMap) + requestId + dateTimestamp;String tempSign = Md5Utils.getMD5(str.getBytes());if (!tempSign.equals(sign)) {throw new IllegalArgumentException(ERROR_MESSAGE);}}/*** 修改前端传的参数*/private Map<String, Object> updateRequestParam(ServerWebExchange exchange) throws NoSuchFieldException, IllegalAccessException {ServerHttpRequest request = exchange.getRequest();URI uri = request.getURI();String query = uri.getQuery();if (StringUtils.isNotBlank(query) && query.contains("param")) {String[] split = query.split("=");String param = RSAUtils.decrypt(split[1], RSAConstant.PRIVATE_KEY);Field targetQuery = uri.getClass().getDeclaredField("query");targetQuery.setAccessible(true);targetQuery.set(uri, param);return getParamMap(param);}return new TreeMap<>();}private Map<String, Object> getParamMap(String param) {Map<String, Object> map = new TreeMap<>();String[] split = param.split("&");for (String str : split) {String[] params = str.split("=");map.put(params[0], params[1]);}return map;}private String getSign(HttpHeaders headers) {List<String> list = headers.get("sign");if (CollectionUtils.isEmpty(list)) {throw new IllegalArgumentException(ERROR_MESSAGE);}return list.get(0);}private Long getDateTimestamp(HttpHeaders httpHeaders) {List<String> list = httpHeaders.get("timestamp");if (CollectionUtils.isEmpty(list)) {throw new IllegalArgumentException(ERROR_MESSAGE);}long timestamp = Long.parseLong(list.get(0));long currentTimeMillis = System.currentTimeMillis();//有效时长为5分钟if (currentTimeMillis - timestamp > 1000 * 60 * 5) {throw new IllegalArgumentException(ERROR_MESSAGE);}return timestamp;}private String getRequestId(HttpHeaders headers) {List<String> list = headers.get("requestId");if (CollectionUtils.isEmpty(list)) {throw new IllegalArgumentException(ERROR_MESSAGE);}String requestId = list.get(0);//如果requestId存在redis中直接返回String temp = redisTemplate.opsForValue().get(requestId);if (StringUtils.isNotBlank(temp)) {throw new IllegalArgumentException(ERROR_MESSAGE);}redisTemplate.opsForValue().set(requestId, requestId, 5, TimeUnit.MINUTES);return requestId;}@Overridepublic int getOrder() {return 80;}
}

4.4 测试登录

发现验签成功

4.5 测试查询

验签成功

地址

https://gitee.com/zhurongsheng/springcloud-gateway-rsa

来源：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_34125999