How OS technology is being deployed in science?

How open source technology is being deployed in science

开源技术是如何被部署在科学领域的

Summary: Countless industries have benefited immensely from utilizing opensource software - with science and engineering among the sectors driving thecharge.

概要：无数行业已经极大的受益于利用开源软件——在科学与工程领域中推动这一项目。

By Harish Pillay for Stacking up Open Clouds |October 9, 2014 -- 01:31 GMT (18:31 PDT)

哈里什·彼莱写给堆叠开放云|2014年10月九日——01：31 GMT(18：31 PDT)

Given the transparent and collaborative nature of opensource, it is no wonder that the technology iswidely used all around the world. Countless organizations and industries havebenefited immensely from open source software — with science andengineering among the sectors driving the charge.

考虑到开源的易懂和协作的本质，这项技术被广泛应用于全世界并不奇怪。无数的组织和企业极大地受益于开源软件——在科学与工程领域中推动这一项目。

In an industry that heavily relies on technology and innovation,thedeployment of open source initiatives in the scientific field should come as nosurprise. In fact, CERN, one of the most revered names in the worldof science, extensively uses opensource software — here's why.

在工业上非常依靠技术和技术革新，开源技术积极地展开在科学领域应该不足为奇。事实上，欧洲核子研究委员会是最具有权威的明仔在世界的科学领域，普遍的使用开源软件——这就是为什么。

What is CERN?

At CERN, the European Organization for Nuclear Research, physicists andengineers are probing the fundamental structure of the universe.

什么事欧洲核子研究委员会？

欧洲核子研究委员会是欧洲研究原子核的一个组织，物理学家和工程师正在探索宇宙的基本结构。

They use the world's largest and most complex scientific instruments to studythe basic constituents of matter – the fundamental particles. The particles aremade to collide together at close to the speed of light. The process gives thephysicists clues about how the particles interact, and provides insights intothe fundamental laws of nature.

他们使用世界上最大和最复杂的科学仪器来研究物质的基本组成成分——基本粒子。粒子们以接近光速的速度撞击在一起。这个过程让物理学家探索粒子是如何交互的，并提供洞察自然地基本规律。

The instruments used at CERN are purpose-built particleaccelerators, like the Large Hadron Collider (LHC)anddetectors. Accelerators boost beams of particles to high energies before the beamsare made to collide with each other or with stationary targets. Detectorsobserve and record the results of these collisions. A highlight came for theorganization in 2012 when the ATLAS and CMS experiments announced the existenceof the enigmatic Higgs Boson, which had eluded scientists for decades.

在欧洲核子研究中心使用的专门的粒子加速器、大型强子对撞机。粒子加速器提高高能量在与光线碰撞前或者是固定目标。探测器观察并记录这些碰撞的结果。一大亮点是这个组织在2012年ATLAS和CMS实验宣布神秘的希格斯波色子的存在，数十年都没有科学家探索。

As one of the undisputed leaders in particle physics, counting 21 memberstates and a global community from over 100 countries, information sharing andcollaboration is essential. With its collaborative nature, open source – andthe Linux operating system – were a seemingly natural fit.

作为一个粒子物理学研究中无可异议的领导者，包括21个成员国和全球来自100多个国家的团体，信息共享和协作是至关重要的。与其合作的性质，开源-Linux操作系统-似乎是最适合的。

Linux's place in CERN history

Linux在欧洲核子研究中心的历史地位

The story of CERN and Linux is a prime example of how collaboration canbring universal benefits to partners and to the wider community.

欧洲核子研究中心和Linux的故事是一个典型的例子可以带来普遍利益伙伴的合作和更广泛的社区

For instance, CERN, together with Fermilab and various other labs anduniversities around the world, developed ScientificLinux. It is derived from Red Hat EnterpriseLinux and its primary purpose is to reduce duplicated efforts of thelaboratories, and to have a common installation base for the variousexperimenters.

例如,欧洲核子研究中心,连同费米实验室以及其他世界各地的实验室和大学,科学开发Linux。来自Red Hat Enterprise Linux,它的主要目的是减少重复工作的实验室,并有共同的安装各种实验基地。

Historically, CERN has played amajor role in the development of the opensource movement. In the early 1990s, Sir Tim Berners-Lee helped to foreverchange communication by releasing all HTML and web server code — thussparking the birth of the World Wide Web. After 30 April1993, when CERN put the World Wide Websoftware in the public domain, the next release was made available with an openlicense as a more sure way to maximize its dissemination.

从历史上看,欧洲核子研究中心发挥了主要作用在开源运动的发展。在1990年代早期,Tim berners -lee爵士帮助永远改变通信通过释放所有HTML和web服务器代码,因此引发了万维网的诞生。1993年4月30日之后,当欧洲核子研究中心将万维网软件在公共领域,下一个版本提供了一个开放许可作为其传播更确定的方式最大化

Cloud storage critical for CERN

云储存是CERN是基础

CERN’s connection to open source does not end with one of the mostsignificant developments in the history of information systems. Theorganization also relies on a solid cloud infrastructure to facilitate thestorage and sharing of data, and as such, is one of the biggest contributorsto the Ceph open source storage project.

欧洲核子研究中心的连接到开放源码不结束与一个最重要的发展历史上的信息系统。该组织还依赖于一个坚实的云基础设施,以方便数据的存储和共享,这样,是最大的贡献者之一Ceph开源存储项目。

One of the stand out features of Ceph is that it operates on the CRUSH(Controlled Replication Under Scalable Hashing) algorithm, which facilitatesthe even spread of data for improved efficiency and reduced bottlenecks.

Ceph的突出特点之一是,它是粉碎(复制控制在可伸缩的散列)算法,这促进了传播数据,提高效率和减少瓶颈。

Earlier this year, Red Hat acquired Inktank, the company that producesCeph. This will no doubt further strengthen the ties between CERN and Red Hat, in addition to helping further promote the open source philosophy thatcan so benefit many industries.

今年早些时候,Red Hat Inktank收购,生产Ceph的公司。这无疑将进一步加强欧洲核子研究中心和Red Hat的之间的关系,除了帮助进一步促进开源哲学,因此许多行业中受益。

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