扫雷是一款益智类小游戏，最早于 1992 年由微软在 Windows 上发行，游戏适合于全年龄段，规则简单，即在最短的时间内找出所有非雷格子且在中间过程中不能踩到雷，踩到雷则失败，需重新开始。

本文我们使用 Python 来实现扫雷游戏，主要用的 Python 库是 pygame。

实现

游戏组成比较简单，主要包括：小方格、计时器、地雷等。

首先，我们初始化一些常量，比如：横竖方块数、地雷数、鼠标点击情况等，如下所示：BLOCK_WIDTH = 30

BLOCK_HEIGHT = 16

# 块大小

SIZE = 20

# 地雷数

MINE_COUNT = 66

# 未点击

normal = 1

# 已点击

opened = 2

# 地雷

mine = 3

# 标记为地雷

flag = 4

# 标记为问号

ask = 5

# 踩中地雷

bomb = 6

# 被双击的周围

hint = 7

# 正被鼠标左右键双击

double = 8

readied = 1,

started = 2,

over = 3,

win = 4

接着定义一个地雷类，类中定义一些基本属性(如：坐标、状态等)及 get、set 方法，代码实现如下：class Mine:

def __init__(self, x, y, value=0):

self._x = x

self._y = y

self._value = 0

self._around_mine_count = -1

self._status = normal

self.set_value(value)

def __repr__(self):

return str(self._value)

def get_x(self):

return self._x

def set_x(self, x):

self._x = x

x = property(fget=get_x, fset=set_x)

def get_y(self):

return self._y

def set_y(self, y):

self._y = y

y = property(fget=get_y, fset=set_y)

def get_value(self):

return self._value

def set_value(self, value):

if value:

self._value = 1

else:

self._value = 0

value = property(fget=get_value, fset=set_value, doc='0:非地雷 1:雷')

def get_around_mine_count(self):

return self._around_mine_count

def set_around_mine_count(self, around_mine_count):

self._around_mine_count = around_mine_count

around_mine_count = property(fget=get_around_mine_count, fset=set_around_mine_count, doc='四周地雷数量')

def get_status(self):

return self._status

def set_status(self, value):

self._status = value

status = property(fget=get_status, fset=set_status, doc='BlockStatus')

再接着定义一个 MineBlock 类，用来处理扫雷的基本逻辑，代码实现如下：class MineBlock:

def __init__(self):

self._block = [[Mine(i, j) for i in range(BLOCK_WIDTH)] for j in range(BLOCK_HEIGHT)]

# 埋雷

for i in random.sample(range(BLOCK_WIDTH * BLOCK_HEIGHT), MINE_COUNT):

self._block[i // BLOCK_WIDTH][i % BLOCK_WIDTH].value = 1

def get_block(self):

return self._block

block = property(fget=get_block)

def getmine(self, x, y):

return self._block[y][x]

def open_mine(self, x, y):

# 踩到雷了

if self._block[y][x].value:

self._block[y][x].status = bomb

return False

# 先把状态改为 opened

self._block[y][x].status = opened

around = _get_around(x, y)

_sum = 0

for i, j in around:

if self._block[j][i].value:

_sum += 1

self._block[y][x].around_mine_count = _sum

# 如果周围没有雷，那么将周围 8 个未中未点开的递归算一遍

if _sum == 0:

for i, j in around:

if self._block[j][i].around_mine_count == -1:

self.open_mine(i, j)

return True

def double_mouse_button_down(self, x, y):

if self._block[y][x].around_mine_count == 0:

return True

self._block[y][x].status = double

around = _get_around(x, y)

# 周围被标记的雷数量

sumflag = 0

for i, j in _get_around(x, y):

if self._block[j][i].status == flag:

sumflag += 1

# 周边的雷已经全部被标记

result = True

if sumflag == self._block[y][x].around_mine_count:

for i, j in around:

if self._block[j][i].status == normal:

if not self.open_mine(i, j):

result = False

else:

for i, j in around:

if self._block[j][i].status == normal:

self._block[j][i].status = hint

return result

def double_mouse_button_up(self, x, y):

self._block[y][x].status = opened

for i, j in _get_around(x, y):

if self._block[j][i].status == hint:

self._block[j][i].status = normal

我们接下来初始化界面，首先生成由小方格组成的面板，主要代码实现如下：for row in block.block:

for mine in row:

pos = (mine.x * SIZE, (mine.y + 2) * SIZE)

if mine.status == opened:

screen.blit(img_dict[mine.around_mine_count], pos)

opened_count += 1

elif mine.status == double:

screen.blit(img_dict[mine.around_mine_count], pos)

elif mine.status == bomb:

screen.blit(img_blood, pos)

elif mine.status == flag:

screen.blit(img_flag, pos)

flag_count += 1

elif mine.status == ask:

screen.blit(img_ask, pos)

elif mine.status == hint:

screen.blit(img0, pos)

elif game_status == over and mine.value:

screen.blit(img_mine, pos)

elif mine.value == 0 and mine.status == flag:

screen.blit(img_error, pos)

elif mine.status == normal:

screen.blit(img_blank, pos)

看一下效果：

再接着添加面板的 head 部分，包括：显示雷数、重新开始按钮(笑脸)、显示耗时，主要代码实现如下：print_text(screen, font1, 30, (SIZE * 2 - fheight) // 2 - 2, '%02d' % (MINE_COUNT - flag_count), red)

if game_status == started:

elapsed_time = int(time.time() - start_time)

print_text(screen, font1, SCREEN_WIDTH - fwidth - 30, (SIZE * 2 - fheight) // 2 - 2, '%03d' % elapsed_time, red)

if flag_count + opened_count == BLOCK_WIDTH * BLOCK_HEIGHT:

game_status = win

if game_status == over:

screen.blit(img_face_fail, (face_pos_x, face_pos_y))

elif game_status == win:

screen.blit(img_face_success, (face_pos_x, face_pos_y))

else:

screen.blit(img_face_normal, (face_pos_x, face_pos_y))

看一下效果：

再接着添加各种点击事件，代码实现如下：for event in pygame.event.get():

if event.type == QUIT:

sys.exit()

elif event.type == MOUSEBUTTONDOWN:

mouse_x, mouse_y = event.pos

x = mouse_x // SIZE

y = mouse_y // SIZE - 2

b1, b2, b3 = pygame.mouse.get_pressed()

if game_status == started:

# 鼠标左右键同时按下，如果已经标记了所有雷，则打开周围一圈；如果还未标记完所有雷，则有一个周围一圈被同时按下的效果

if b1 and b3:

mine = block.getmine(x, y)

if mine.status == opened:

if not block.double_mouse_button_down(x, y):

game_status = over

elif event.type == MOUSEBUTTONUP:

if y < 0:

if face_pos_x <= mouse_x <= face_pos_x + face_size \

and face_pos_y <= mouse_y <= face_pos_y + face_size:

game_status = readied

block = MineBlock()

start_time = time.time()

elapsed_time = 0

continue

if game_status == readied:

game_status = started

start_time = time.time()

elapsed_time = 0

if game_status == started:

mine = block.getmine(x, y)

# 按鼠标左键

if b1 and not b3:

if mine.status == normal:

if not block.open_mine(x, y):

game_status = over

# 按鼠标右键

elif not b1 and b3:

if mine.status == normal:

mine.status = flag

elif mine.status == flag:

mine.status = ask

elif mine.status == ask:

mine.status = normal

elif b1 and b3:

if mine.status == double:

block.double_mouse_button_up(x, y)

我们来看一下最终实现效果：

总结

本文我们通过 Python 简单的实现了扫雷游戏，大家有兴趣的话，可以实际操作一下，看看自己能否排除全部的雷。

源码在公号 Python小二 后台回复 201019 获取。声明：本文作者为本人，但非首发于个人号