Pygame学习笔记11：三角函数及Tank Battle游戏
2024-04-24 10:49:21
这一次将运用三角函数的相关知识以及前面学过的相关知识，如声音、精灵图像等来设计Tank Battle游戏，即坦克大战。
Tank Battle游戏
为了实现该游戏，需要再向MyLibrary.py文件中添加一些东西：
# 计算两个点之间的角度
def target_angle(x1, y1, x2, y2):delta_x = x2 - x1delta_y = y2 - y1angle_radians = math.atan2(delta_y, delta_x)angle_degrees = math.degrees(angle_radians)return angle_degreesdef angular_velocity(angle):vel = Point(0, 0)vel.x = math.cos(math.radians(angle))vel.y = math.sin(math.radians(angle))return vel
即用于实现旋转角度的一些函数
精灵类
涉及的精灵类有玩家坦克、敌方坦克和子弹类：
class Tank(MySprite):def __init__(self, tank_file="tank.png", turret_file="turret.png"):MySprite.__init__(self)self.load(tank_file, 50, 60, 4)self.speed = 0.0self.scratch = Noneself.float_pos = Point(0, 0)self.velocity = Point(0, 0)self.turret = MySprite()self.turret.load(turret_file, 32, 64, 4)self.fire_timer = 0def update(self, ticks):MySprite.update(self, ticks, 100)self.rotation = wrap_angle(self.rotation)self.scratch = pygame.transform.rotate(self.image, -self.rotation)angle = wrap_angle(self.rotation - 90)self.velocity = angular_velocity(angle)self.float_pos.x += self.velocity.xself.float_pos.y += self.velocity.y# 保证坦克会一直留在界面上if self.float_pos.x < -50:self.float_pos.x = 800elif self.float_pos.x > 800:self.float_pos.x = -50if self.float_pos.y < -60:self.float_pos.y = 600elif self.float_pos.y > 600:self.float_pos.y = -60self.X = int(self.float_pos.x)self.Y = int(self.float_pos.y)self.turret.position = (self.X, self.Y)self.turret.last_frame = 0self.turret.update(ticks, 100)self.turret.rotation = wrap_angle(self.turret.rotation)angle = self.turret.rotation + 90self.turret.scratch = pygame.transform.rotate(self.turret.image, -angle)def draw(self, surface):width, height = self.scratch.get_size()center = Point(width / 2, height / 2)surface.blit(self.scratch, (self.X - center.x, self.Y - center.y))# 绘制炮塔width, height = self.turret.scratch.get_size()center = Point(width / 2, height / 2)surface.blit(self.turret.scratch, (self.turret.X - center.x, self.turret.Y - center.y))def __str__(self):return MySprite.__str__(self) + ", " + str(self.velocity)class EnemyTank(Tank):def __init__(self, tank_file="enemy_tank.png", turret_file="enemy_turret.png"):Tank.__init__(self, tank_file, turret_file)def update(self, ticks):self.turret.rotation = wrap_angle(self.rotation - 90)Tank.update(self, ticks)def draw(self, surface):Tank.draw(self, surface)class Bullet(object):def __init__(self, position):self.alive = Trueself.color = (250, 20, 20)self.position = Point(position.x, position.y)self.velocity = Point(0, 0)self.rect = Rect(0, 0, 4, 4)self.owner = ""def update(self, ticks):self.position.x += self.velocity.x * 10.0self.position.y += self.velocity.y * 10.0if self.position.x < 0 or self.position.x > 800 or self.position.y < 0 or self.position.y > 600:self.alive = Falseself.rect = Rect(self.position.x, self.position.y, 4, 4)def draw(self, surface):pos = (int(self.position.x), int(self.position.y))pygame.draw.circle(surface, self.color, pos, 4, 0)
为了实现子弹类，还需要三个辅助函数用以实现双方坦克发射炮弹：
# 坦克发射炮弹
def fire_cannon(tank):position = Point(tank.turret.X, tank.turret.Y)bullet = Bullet(position)angle = tank.turret.rotationbullet.velocity = angular_velocity(angle)bullets.append(bullet)play_sound(shoot_sound)return bullet# 玩家发射炮弹
def player_fire_cannon():bullet = fire_cannon(player)bullet.owner = "player"bullet.color = (30, 250, 30)# 敌方发射炮弹
def enemy_fire_cannon():bullet = fire_cannon(enemy_tank)bullet.owner = "enemy"bullet.color = (250, 30, 30)
游戏初始化操作
# 游戏的一些初始化操作
def game_init():global screen, backbuffer, font, timer, player_group, player, enemy_tank, bullets, crosshair, crosshair_grouppygame.init()screen = pygame.display.set_mode((800, 600))backbuffer = pygame.Surface((800, 600))pygame.display.set_caption("Tank Battle Game")font = pygame.font.Font(None, 30)timer = pygame.time.Clock()pygame.mouse.set_visible(False)# 加载鼠标光标crosshair = MySprite()crosshair.load("crosshair.png")crosshair_group = pygame.sprite.GroupSingle()crosshair_group.add(crosshair)# 创建玩家的坦克player = Tank()player.float_pos = Point(400, 300)# 创建敌方坦克enemy_tank = EnemyTank()enemy_tank.float_pos = Point(random.randint(50, 760), 50)enemy_tank.rotation = 135# 创建子弹精灵组bullets = list()
还有声音的相关函数：
# 用于初始化加载声音
def audio_init():global shoot_sound, boom_soundpygame.mixer.init()shoot_sound = pygame.mixer.Sound("shoot.wav")boom_sound = pygame.mixer.Sound("boom.wav")# 播放声音
def play_sound(sound):channel = pygame.mixer.find_channel(True)channel.set_volume(0.5)channel.play(sound)
完整源代码
源代码如下：
import random
import sys
import pygame
from pygame.locals import *
from MyLibrary import *class Tank(MySprite):def __init__(self, tank_file="tank.png", turret_file="turret.png"):MySprite.__init__(self)self.load(tank_file, 50, 60, 4)self.speed = 0.0self.scratch = Noneself.float_pos = Point(0, 0)self.velocity = Point(0, 0)self.turret = MySprite()self.turret.load(turret_file, 32, 64, 4)self.fire_timer = 0def update(self, ticks):MySprite.update(self, ticks, 100)self.rotation = wrap_angle(self.rotation)self.scratch = pygame.transform.rotate(self.image, -self.rotation)angle = wrap_angle(self.rotation - 90)self.velocity = angular_velocity(angle)self.float_pos.x += self.velocity.xself.float_pos.y += self.velocity.y# 保证坦克会一直留在界面上if self.float_pos.x < -50:self.float_pos.x = 800elif self.float_pos.x > 800:self.float_pos.x = -50if self.float_pos.y < -60:self.float_pos.y = 600elif self.float_pos.y > 600:self.float_pos.y = -60self.X = int(self.float_pos.x)self.Y = int(self.float_pos.y)self.turret.position = (self.X, self.Y)self.turret.last_frame = 0self.turret.update(ticks, 100)self.turret.rotation = wrap_angle(self.turret.rotation)angle = self.turret.rotation + 90self.turret.scratch = pygame.transform.rotate(self.turret.image, -angle)def draw(self, surface):width, height = self.scratch.get_size()center = Point(width / 2, height / 2)surface.blit(self.scratch, (self.X - center.x, self.Y - center.y))# 绘制炮塔width, height = self.turret.scratch.get_size()center = Point(width / 2, height / 2)surface.blit(self.turret.scratch, (self.turret.X - center.x, self.turret.Y - center.y))def __str__(self):return MySprite.__str__(self) + ", " + str(self.velocity)class EnemyTank(Tank):def __init__(self, tank_file="enemy_tank.png", turret_file="enemy_turret.png"):Tank.__init__(self, tank_file, turret_file)def update(self, ticks):self.turret.rotation = wrap_angle(self.rotation - 90)Tank.update(self, ticks)def draw(self, surface):Tank.draw(self, surface)class Bullet(object):def __init__(self, position):self.alive = Trueself.color = (250, 20, 20)self.position = Point(position.x, position.y)self.velocity = Point(0, 0)self.rect = Rect(0, 0, 4, 4)self.owner = ""def update(self, ticks):self.position.x += self.velocity.x * 10.0self.position.y += self.velocity.y * 10.0if self.position.x < 0 or self.position.x > 800 or self.position.y < 0 or self.position.y > 600:self.alive = Falseself.rect = Rect(self.position.x, self.position.y, 4, 4)def draw(self, surface):pos = (int(self.position.x), int(self.position.y))pygame.draw.circle(surface, self.color, pos, 4, 0)# 坦克发射炮弹
def fire_cannon(tank):position = Point(tank.turret.X, tank.turret.Y)bullet = Bullet(position)angle = tank.turret.rotationbullet.velocity = angular_velocity(angle)bullets.append(bullet)play_sound(shoot_sound)return bullet# 玩家发射炮弹
def player_fire_cannon():bullet = fire_cannon(player)bullet.owner = "player"bullet.color = (30, 250, 30)# 敌方发射炮弹
def enemy_fire_cannon():bullet = fire_cannon(enemy_tank)bullet.owner = "enemy"bullet.color = (250, 30, 30)# 游戏的一些初始化操作
def game_init():global screen, backbuffer, font, timer, player_group, player, enemy_tank, bullets, crosshair, crosshair_grouppygame.init()screen = pygame.display.set_mode((800, 600))backbuffer = pygame.Surface((800, 600))pygame.display.set_caption("Tank Battle Game")font = pygame.font.Font(None, 30)timer = pygame.time.Clock()pygame.mouse.set_visible(False)# 加载鼠标光标crosshair = MySprite()crosshair.load("crosshair.png")crosshair_group = pygame.sprite.GroupSingle()crosshair_group.add(crosshair)# 创建玩家的坦克player = Tank()player.float_pos = Point(400, 300)# 创建敌方坦克enemy_tank = EnemyTank()enemy_tank.float_pos = Point(random.randint(50, 760), 50)enemy_tank.rotation = 135# 创建子弹精灵组bullets = list()# 用于初始化加载声音
def audio_init():global shoot_sound, boom_soundpygame.mixer.init()shoot_sound = pygame.mixer.Sound("shoot.wav")boom_sound = pygame.mixer.Sound("boom.wav")# 播放声音
def play_sound(sound):channel = pygame.mixer.find_channel(True)channel.set_volume(0.5)channel.play(sound)if __name__ == "__main__":game_init()audio_init()game_over = Falseplayer_score = 0enemy_score = 0last_time = 0mouse_x = mouse_y = 0while True:timer.tick(30)ticks = pygame.time.get_ticks()mouse_up = mouse_down = 0mouse_up_x = mouse_up_y = 0mouse_down_x = mouse_down_y = 0for event in pygame.event.get():if event.type == QUIT:sys.exit()elif event.type == MOUSEMOTION:mouse_x, mouse_y = event.posmov_x, mov_y = event.relelif event.type == MOUSEBUTTONDOWN:mouse_down = event.buttonmouse_down_x, mouse_down_y = event.poselif event.type == MOUSEBUTTONUP:mouse_up = event.buttonmouse_up_x, mouse_up_y = event.poskeys = pygame.key.get_pressed()if keys[K_ESCAPE]:sys.exit()# 左右键用于控制旋转elif keys[K_a] or keys[K_LEFT]:player.rotation -= 2.0elif keys[K_d] or keys[K_RIGHT]:player.rotation += 2.0# 按空格键或者按鼠标则发射炮弹if keys[K_SPACE] or mouse_up > 0:if ticks > player.fire_timer + 1000:player.fire_timer = ticksplayer_fire_cannon()if not game_over:crosshair.position = (mouse_x, mouse_y)crosshair_group.update(ticks)angle = target_angle(player.turret.X, player.turret.Y,crosshair.X + crosshair.frame_width / 2,crosshair.Y + crosshair.frame_height / 2)player.turret.rotation = angleplayer.update(ticks)enemy_tank.update(ticks)# 设置敌方坦克每隔1秒发射一枚炮弹if ticks > enemy_tank.fire_timer + 1000:enemy_tank.fire_timer = ticksenemy_fire_cannon()# 对每一枚炮弹做相应的处理for bullet in bullets:bullet.update(ticks)if bullet.owner == "player":if pygame.sprite.collide_rect(bullet, enemy_tank):player_score += 1bullet.alive = Falseplay_sound(boom_sound)elif bullet.owner == "enemy":if pygame.sprite.collide_rect(bullet, player):enemy_score += 1bullet.alive = Falseplay_sound(boom_sound)backbuffer.fill((100, 100, 20))for bullet in bullets:bullet.draw(backbuffer)enemy_tank.draw(backbuffer)player.draw(backbuffer)crosshair_group.draw(backbuffer)screen.blit(backbuffer, (0, 0))if not game_over:print_text(font, 0, 0, "PLAYER:" + str(player_score))print_text(font, 700, 0, "ENEMY:" + str(enemy_score))else:print_text(font, 0, 0, "G A M E O V E R")# 命中的子弹消失for bullet in bullets:if bullet.alive == False:bullets.remove(bullet)pygame.display.update()运行结果如下：
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