为了保证代码的正确,软件的质量,单元测试几乎是每个程序员都要面临的工作了;而开发中大部分的工作都涉及数据库的操作,也就是平时经常可以看到的DAO了;由于是对数据库的操作,就必然有事务的问题了;如果是启动应用服务器,然后再模拟一个请求来验证Dao中的代码写得是否正确的话,那么面临的问题 首先就是 速度的问题也就是效率的问题,如果你的应用很大的话那么但就tomcat的启动就花费了一分钟左右的时间,如果用的服务器是weblogic的话就更加不用说了 其实就是问题的主次问题,我们现在要做的正事是测试Dao 但是如果放到服务器里面测试的话 可能有些问题就不是dao的问题了,但是我们必须解决,这样做 显然很多时候就有点本末倒置了 ;因此我采用的方法是利用spring+ibatis+junit在本地测试的方法 大体步骤如下

一  建立一个测试的基类 AbstractTestCase 代码如下

package com.skywin.workorder.dao;

import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;

import junit.framework.TestCase;

public abstract class AbstractTestCase extends TestCase {
    protected ApplicationContext ctx = null;

public AbstractTestCase() {
        // 测试工作流
        //ctx = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("testApplicationContext.xml");
        // 测试DAO
          ctx =new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext(
         "_applicationContext-iBatis.xml"); 
    }
}

二 第一步中文件 _applicationContext-iBatis.xml 的路径为 工程名字\conf\_applicationContext-iBatis.xml ,是spring的配置文件进行事务属性等相关配置  代码如下:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE beans PUBLIC "-//SPRING//DTD BEAN//EN" "http://www.springframework.org/dtd/spring-beans.dtd">

<beans>
<!--
    <import  resource="classpath:_applicationContext-authrization.xml"/>
-->

<import  resource="classpath:workorder-module.xml"/>
    <bean id="propertyConfigurer" class="org.springframework.beans.factory.config.PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer">
        <property name="locations">
            <list>
                 <value>jdbc-template.properties</value> 
            </list>
        </property>
    </bean>

<bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
    </bean>

<bean id="dataSource" class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource" destroy-method="close">
        <property name="driverClassName" value="${jdbc.driverClassName}"/>
        <property name="url" value="${jdbc.url}"/>
        <property name="username" value="${jdbc.username}"/>
        <property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"/>
        <property name="initialSize" value="${jdbc.initialSize}"/>
        <property name="maxActive" value="${jdbc.maxActive}"/>
    </bean> 
<!--
    <bean id="dataSource" class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource" destroy-method="close">
        <property name="driverClassName" value="oracle.jdbc.OracleDriver"/>
        <property name="url" value="jdbc:oracle:thin:@10.244.112.130:41521:gmcctest"/>
        <property name="username" value="gmcc"/>
        <property name="password" value="gmcc"/>
        <property name="initialSize" value="1"/>
        <property name="maxActive" value="15"/>
    </bean>
-->

<bean id="sqlMapClient" class="org.springframework.orm.ibatis.SqlMapClientFactoryBean">
        <property name="configLocation" value="sqlmap-config-template.xml"/>
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
    </bean>

<bean id="baseTxService" class="org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionProxyFactoryBean" 
        abstract="true"> 
        <property name="transactionManager" ref="transactionManager"/> 
        <property name="proxyTargetClass" value="true"/> 
        <property name="transactionAttributes"> 
            <props> 
                <prop key="get*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED,readOnly</prop> 
                <prop key="find*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED,readOnly</prop> 
                <prop key="save*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED</prop> 
                <prop key="remove*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED</prop> 
                <prop key="update*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED</prop>
                <!--  instead of  select .. for update
                <prop key="global*">
                    PROPAGATION_REQUIRED,ISOLATION_SERIALIZABLE
                </prop>
                -->
            </props> 
        </property> 
    </bean>

</beans>

三 第二步中涉及DataSource,其配置信息包含在 jdbc-template.properties 文件中 文件路径为

工程目录\conf\jdbc-template.properties 代码如下

# Properties file with JDBC-related settings.
# Applied by PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer from "applicationContext.xml".
# Targeted at system administrators, to avoid touching the context XML files.

#jdbc.driverClassName=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
#jdbc.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/mps
#jdbc.username=root
#jdbc.password=skywin

jdbc.initialSize=1
jdbc.maxActive=10

jdbc.driverClassName=oracle.jdbc.OracleDriver 
#jdbc.url=jdbc:oracle:thin:@10.244.112.130:41521:gmcctes
#jdbc.url=jdbc:oracle:thin:@10.244.112.130:1521:gmccmpp
jdbc.url=jdbc:oracle:thin:@192.168.100.235:1521:mpptest
jdbc.username=gmcc
jdbc.password=skywin 
#imageDatabase.lobHandler=oracleLobHandler

三 第二步中的   <property name="configLocation" value="sqlmap-config-template.xml"/> 为ibatis的中枢文件 文件路径是   工程目录\conf\sqlmap-config-template.xml 代码如下:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE sqlMapConfig      
    PUBLIC "-//ibatis.apache.org//DTD SQL Map Config 2.0//EN"      
    "http://ibatis.apache.org/dtd/sql-map-config-2.dtd">
<!-- Leonel Wong 2008-11-6 17:24:04 -->
<sqlMapConfig>
    <sqlMap resource="ibatis-conf/MpsAppendixInf.xml" />
    <sqlMap resource="ibatis-conf/MpsDispatchLog.xml" />
    <sqlMap resource="ibatis-conf/MpsFunctionType.xml" />
    <sqlMap resource="ibatis-conf/MpsFundType.xml" />
    <sqlMap resource="ibatis-conf/MpsInGatewayInf.xml" />
    <sqlMap resource="ibatis-conf/MpsModuleInf.xml" />
    <sqlMap resource="ibatis-conf/MpsOperationType.xml" />
    <sqlMap resource="ibatis-conf/MpsOrderClaimant.xml" />
    <sqlMap resource="ibatis-conf/MpsPayType.xml" />
    <sqlMap resource="ibatis-conf/MpsProcessApproveLog.xml" />
    <sqlMap resource="ibatis-conf/MpsProcessLog.xml" />
    <sqlMap resource="ibatis-conf/MpsProcessRemark.xml" />
    <sqlMap resource="ibatis-conf/MpsReceiveOrderLog.xml" />
    <sqlMap resource="ibatis-conf/MpsServiceInfo.xml" />
    <sqlMap resource="ibatis-conf/MpsUploadFile.xml" />
    <sqlMap resource="ibatis-conf/MpsUrgentLevel.xml" />
    <sqlMap resource="ibatis-conf/MpsVerifyLog.xml" />
    <sqlMap resource="ibatis-conf/MpsWorkOrder.xml" />
    <sqlMap resource="ibatis-conf/MpsWorkOrderCancelLog.xml" />
    <sqlMap resource="ibatis-conf/MpsWorkOrderCloseLog.xml" />
    <sqlMap resource="ibatis-conf/MpsWorkOrderType.xml" />
    <sqlMap resource="ibatis-conf/MpsOperatorInf.xml" />
    <sqlMap resource="ibatis-conf/MpsOrderServiceInfo.xml" />
    <sqlMap resource="ibatis-conf/MpsTree.xml" />
    <sqlMap resource="ibatis-conf/MpsOperatorTree.xml" />
    <sqlMap resource="ibatis-conf/MpsTest.xml" /> 
    <sqlMap resource="ibatis-conf/MpsSpInfo.xml" />
</sqlMapConfig>

四 ormpping文件,这里以MpsTest.xml文件为例子,该文件路径是

工程目录/conf\ibatis-conf\MpsTest.xml 代码如下:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>

<!DOCTYPE sqlMap      
    PUBLIC "-//ibatis.apache.org//DTD SQL Map 2.0//EN"      
    "http://ibatis.apache.org/dtd/sql-map-2.dtd">
<!-- qjk 2009-02-02 -->
<sqlMap namespace="MpsTest">

<resultMap id="result" class="com.skywin.workorder.model.MpsTest">
        <result property="testId" column="testid" columnIndex="1" />
        <result property="mpsWorkOrder.orderId" column="orderid" columnIndex="2" />
        <result property="wfid" column="wfid" columnIndex="3" />
        <result property="testResult" column="testResult" columnIndex="4" />
        <result property="testDate" column="testdate" columnIndex="5" />
        <result property="testPerson" column="testPerson" columnIndex="6" />
        <result property="testDesc" column="testDesc" columnIndex="7" />
    </resultMap>
    
    <insert id="saveMpsTest">
         insert into wo_test(testid,orderid,wfid,testResult,testdate,testPerson,testDesc)
         values(#testId#,#mpsWorkOrder.orderId#,#wfid#,#testResult#,#testDate#,#testPerson#,#testDesc#)
    </insert> 
    
    <delete id="deleteMpsTestById">
       delete from wo_test where testid=#value#
    </delete>
    
    <select id="findAllMpsTest" resultMap="result">
        select * from wo_test
    </select>
    
    <select id="findAllMpsTestCount" resultClass="Long">
       select count(*) from wo_test
    </select>
    
    <select id="findMpsTestNextSeq" resultClass="Long">
         select wo_test_seq.nextval from dual
    </select>
    
    
    
    
</sqlMap>

五 dao实现类代码:

package com.skywin.workorder.dao.Impl;

import java.util.List;

import org.springframework.orm.ibatis.support.SqlMapClientDaoSupport;

import com.skywin.workorder.dao.MpsTestDao;
import com.skywin.workorder.model.MpsTest;
import com.skywin.workorder.util.ListResult;

public class MpsTestDaoImpl extends SqlMapClientDaoSupport implements MpsTestDao {

public int deleteMpsTestById(Long testId) {
        return getSqlMapClientTemplate().delete("deleteMpsTestById", testId);
    }

public List findAllMpsTest(int pagesize, int pageIndex) {
        return getSqlMapClientTemplate().queryForList("findAllMpsTest", null, pageIndex*pagesize, pagesize);
    }

public Long findAllMpsTestCount() {
        return (Long) getSqlMapClientTemplate().queryForObject("findAllMpsTestCount", null);
    }

public ListResult pageAllMpsTest(int pagesize, int pageIndex) {
        ListResult listResult=new ListResult();
        listResult.setResult(findAllMpsTest(pagesize,pageIndex));
        listResult.setCount(findAllMpsTestCount());
        return listResult;
    }

public MpsTest saveMpsTest(MpsTest mpsTest) {
        getSqlMapClientTemplate().insert("saveMpsTest",mpsTest);
        return mpsTest;
    }

public Long findMpsTestNextSeq() {
        return (Long) getSqlMapClientTemplate().queryForObject("findMpsTestNextSeq", null);
    }

}

六 实体bean代码(MpsTest)

package com.skywin.workorder.model;

import java.io.Serializable;
import java.util.Date;

/**测试记录*/
public class MpsTest implements Serializable{
    
    /**主键*/
    private Long testId;
    
    /**关联工单*/
    private MpsWorkOrder mpsWorkOrder;
    
    /**工作流id*/
    private Long wfid;
    
    /**测试人*/
    private String testPerson;
    
    /**测试是否通过*/
    private int testResult;
    
    /**测试结果描述*/
    private String testDesc;
    
    /**测试日期*/
    private Date testDate;

public MpsWorkOrder getMpsWorkOrder() {
        return mpsWorkOrder;
    }

public void setMpsWorkOrder(MpsWorkOrder mpsWorkOrder) {
        this.mpsWorkOrder = mpsWorkOrder;
    }

public String getTestDesc() {
        return testDesc;
    }

public void setTestDesc(String testDesc) {
        this.testDesc = testDesc;
    }

public String getTestPerson() {
        return testPerson;
    }

public void setTestPerson(String testPerson) {
        this.testPerson = testPerson;
    }

public int getTestResult() {
        return testResult;
    }

public void setTestResult(int testResult) {
        this.testResult = testResult;
    }

public Date getTestDate() {
        return testDate;
    }

public void setTestDate(Date testDate) {
        this.testDate = testDate;
    }

public Long getTestId() {
        return testId;
    }

public void setTestId(Long testId) {
        this.testId = testId;
    }

public Long getWfid() {
        return wfid;
    }

public void setWfid(Long wfid) {
        this.wfid = wfid;
    }

}

七 建立一个jUnit测试类 测试第六步中dao的方法 其实改类本质上也是一个java类 要想成功的测试某个方法则方法名字不以test开头 代码如下 :

package com.skywin.workorder.dao;

import java.util.Date;
import java.util.List;

import com.skywin.workorder.model.MpsTest;
import com.skywin.workorder.model.MpsWorkOrder;
import com.skywin.workorder.util.ListResult;

public class MpsTestDaoTest extends AbstractTestCase {
    MpsTestDao dao;
    public MpsTestDaoTest(){
        super();
        dao=(MpsTestDao) ctx.getBean("woTestDao");
        System.out.println("dao"+dao);
        
    }
    
     public void  testsaveMpsTest(){ 
        System.out.println("go go go");
         MpsTest t=new MpsTest(); 
    
        t.setTestId(new Long(-105));
        t.setWfid(new Long(-15));
        System.out.println("2222222");
    MpsWorkOrder mpsWorkOrder=new MpsWorkOrder();
        mpsWorkOrder.setOrderId(new Long(-20));
        t.setMpsWorkOrder(mpsWorkOrder);
        
        t.setTestResult(-50);
        t.setTestPerson("kkkkk");
        t.setTestDesc("hao hao");
        t.setTestDate(new Date());
        dao.saveMpsTest(t); 
    }
    
    public void _testfindAllMpsTestCount(){
        Long c=dao.findAllMpsTestCount();
        System.out.println("c---"+c);
    }
    
    public void _testfindAllMpsTest(){
        List  list=dao.findAllMpsTest(3, 1);
        for(int i=0;i<list.size();i++){
            MpsTest t=(MpsTest) list.get(i);
            System.out.println(t.getTestId());
        }
        System.out.println(list);
    }
    
    
    public void _testpageAllMpsTest(){
        ListResult l=dao.pageAllMpsTest(3, 1);
        System.out.println(l.getCount());
    }
    
    public void _testfindMpsTestNextSeq(){
        Long s=dao.findMpsTestNextSeq();
       System.out.println("s---"+s);
    }
    
    
    
    public void test(){
        dao.deleteMpsTestById(new Long(-100));
    }
}

完成以上步骤后 运行JUnit就可以了,结果是红条还是绿条就看你dao实现类代码是否正确了。

原文地址：http://kai2008.iteye.com/blog/324145