WebSocket实现android消息推送

WebSocket是HTML5出的协议,基于TCP。它实现了浏览器与服务器全双工(full-duplex)通信——允许服务器主动发送信息给客户端。

WebSocket协议之前，双工通信是通过多个http链接来实现，这导致了效率低下。WebSocket解决了这个问题。

有了websocket协议，服务器就可以主动给客户端发送消息，而不是要等客户端的轮询。

实现一个简单的Websocket服务器


#-*- coding:utf8 -*-import threading
import hashlib
import socket
import base64global clients
clients = {}#通知客户端
def notify(message):for connection in clients.values():connection.send('%c%c%s' % (0x81, len(message), message))#客户端处理线程
class websocket_thread(threading.Thread):def __init__(self, connection, username):super(websocket_thread, self).__init__()self.connection = connectionself.username = usernamedef run(self):print 'new websocket client joined!'data = self.connection.recv(1024)headers = self.parse_headers(data)token = self.generate_token(headers['Sec-WebSocket-Key'])self.connection.send('\
HTTP/1.1 101 WebSocket Protocol Hybi-10\r\n\
Upgrade: WebSocket\r\n\
Connection: Upgrade\r\n\
Sec-WebSocket-Accept: %s\r\n\r\n' % token)while True:try:data = self.connection.recv(1024)except socket.error, e:print "unexpected error: ", eclients.pop(self.username)breakdata = self.parse_data(data)if len(data) == 0:continuemessage = "来自服务端的消息: " + datanotify(message)def parse_data(self, msg):v = ord(msg[1]) & 0x7fif v == 0x7e:p = 4elif v == 0x7f:p = 10else:p = 2mask = msg[p:p+4]data = msg[p+4:]return ''.join([chr(ord(v) ^ ord(mask[k%4])) for k, v in enumerate(data)])def parse_headers(self, msg):headers = {}header, data = msg.split('\r\n\r\n', 1)for line in header.split('\r\n')[1:]:key, value = line.split(': ', 1)headers[key] = valueheaders['data'] = datareturn headersdef generate_token(self, msg):key = msg + '258EAFA5-E914-47DA-95CA-C5AB0DC85B11'ser_key = hashlib.sha1(key).digest()return base64.b64encode(ser_key)#服务端
class websocket_server(threading.Thread):def __init__(self, port):super(websocket_server, self).__init__()self.port = portdef run(self):sock = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)sock.setsockopt(socket.SOL_SOCKET, socket.SO_REUSEADDR, 1)sock.bind(('0.0.0.0', self.port))sock.listen(5)print 'websocket server started!'while True:connection, address = sock.accept()try:username = "ID" + str(address[1])thread = websocket_thread(connection, username)thread.start()clients[username] = connectionexcept socket.timeout:print 'websocket connection timeout!'if __name__ == '__main__':server = websocket_server(9000) server.start()

注意：这里服务器的ip设置最好设置为0.0.0.0,允许局域网其他计算机访问

网页端代码，用于向安卓端推送消息

<!--
@http://www.cnblogs.com/zhuweisky/p/3930780.html
-->
<!DOCTYPE html>
</html><head><meta charset="utf-8"></head><body><h3>WebSocketTest</h3><div id="login"><div><input id="serverIP" type="text" placeholder="服务器IP" value="127.0.0.1" autofocus="autofocus" /><input id="serverPort" type="text" placeholder="服务器端口" value="9000" /><input id="btnConnect" type="button" value="连接" onclick="connect()" /></div><div><input id="sendText" type="text" placeholder="发送文本" value="I'm WebSocket Client!" /><input id="btnSend" type="button" value="发送" onclick="send()" /></div><div><div>来自服务端的消息</div><textarea id="txtContent" cols="50" rows="10" readonly="readonly"></textarea></div></div></body><script>var socket;function connect() {var host = "ws://" + $("serverIP").value + ":" + $("serverPort").value + "/"socket = new WebSocket(host);try {socket.onopen = function (msg) {$("btnConnect").disabled = true;alert("连接成功！");};socket.onmessage = function (msg) {if (typeof msg.data == "string") {displayContent(msg.data);}else {alert("非文本消息");}};socket.onclose = function (msg) { alert("socket closed!") };}catch (ex) {log(ex);}}function send() {var msg = $("sendText").valuesocket.send(msg);}window.onbeforeunload = function () {try {socket.close();socket = null;}catch (ex) {}};function $(id) { return document.getElementById(id); }Date.prototype.Format = function (fmt) { //author: meizz var o = {"M+": this.getMonth() + 1, //月份 "d+": this.getDate(), //日 "h+": this.getHours(), //小时 "m+": this.getMinutes(), //分 "s+": this.getSeconds(), //秒 "q+": Math.floor((this.getMonth() + 3) / 3), //季度 "S": this.getMilliseconds() //毫秒 };if (/(y+)/.test(fmt)) fmt = fmt.replace(RegExp.$1, (this.getFullYear() + "").substr(4 - RegExp.$1.length));for (var k in o)if (new RegExp("(" + k + ")").test(fmt)) fmt = fmt.replace(RegExp.$1, (RegExp.$1.length == 1) ? (o[k]) : (("00" + o[k]).substr(("" + o[k]).length)));return fmt;}function displayContent(msg) {$("txtContent").value += "\r\n" +new Date().Format("yyyy/MM/dd hh:mm:ss")+ ":  " + msg;}function onkey(event) { if (event.keyCode == 13) { send(); } }</script>
</html>

安卓端实现

WebSocketClient地址 https://github.com/TooTallNate/Java-WebSocket

导入步骤

在gradle的repository中添加

mavenCentral()
在build中添加

compile “org.java-websocket:Java-WebSocket:1.3.4”

3.运行gradle同步

利用WebSocket自己手搓一个工具类，放到Service中启动

package com.halfopen.h.cislsign;import android.util.Log;import org.java_websocket.client.WebSocketClient;
import org.java_websocket.handshake.ServerHandshake;import java.net.URI;
import java.net.URISyntaxException;import static cn.jpush.android.api.JPushInterface.a.s;/*** Created by h on 2017/7/23.*/public class MyWebSocketClient {//WebSocketClient 和 addressprivate WebSocketClient mWebSocketClient;private String address = "ws://10.222.108.43:9000";//初始化WebSocketClient/**** @throws URISyntaxException*/private void initSocketClient() throws URISyntaxException {if(mWebSocketClient == null) {mWebSocketClient = new WebSocketClient(new URI(address)) {@Overridepublic void onOpen(ServerHandshake serverHandshake) {Log.d("flag--","onOpen(WebSocketClient.java:32)-->>"+"成功建立websocket连接");}@Overridepublic void onMessage(String s) {//服务端消息Log.d("flag--","onMessage(WebSocketClient.java:39)-->>"+"收到来自服务器的消息"+s);}@Overridepublic void onClose(int i, String s, boolean remote) {//连接断开，remote判定是客户端断开还是服务端断开Log.d("flag--","onClose(WebSocketClient.java:46)-->>"+"Connection closed by " + ( remote ? "remote peer" : "us" ) + ", info=" + s);closeConnect();}@Overridepublic void onError(Exception e) {Log.d("flag--","onError(WebSocketClient.java:53)-->>"+s);}};}}//连接private void connect() {new Thread(){@Overridepublic void run() {mWebSocketClient.connect();}}.start();}//断开连接private void closeConnect() {try {mWebSocketClient.close();}catch(Exception e) {e.printStackTrace();}finally {mWebSocketClient = null;}}/***发送消息*/private void sendMsg(String msg) {mWebSocketClient.send(msg);}//public void start(){try {initSocketClient();connect();} catch (URISyntaxException e) {e.printStackTrace();}}
}

注意：安卓客户端要和websocekt服务器互通，并且地址和端口要向对应。

参考链接

https://www.zhihu.com/question/20215561
http://blog.csdn.net/icechenbing/article/details/7407588

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WebSocket实现android消息推送

WebSocket实现android消息推送

实现一个简单的Websocket服务器

安卓端实现

参考链接

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