前言

本篇文章只涉及本人在工作上使用HttpClient遇到的情况,并不会详细地展开讲如何使用HttpClient.

1. 为什么使用HttpClient?

一开始其实是考虑使用RestTemplate的,但遇到的难题自然是SSL认证以及NTLM的认证.以目前的RestTemplate还做不到NTLM认证.而且使用SSL认证的过程也是挺复杂的.复杂的是:居然还是要借助HttpClient.

@Beanpublic RestTemplate buildRestTemplate(List<CustomHttpRequestInterceptor> interceptors) throws KeyStoreException, NoSuchAlgorithmException, KeyManagementException {HttpComponentsClientHttpRequestFactory factory = new                                                    HttpComponentsClientHttpRequestFactory();factory.setConnectionRequestTimeout(requestTimeout);factory.setConnectTimeout(connectTimeout);factory.setReadTimeout(readTimeout);// httpsSSLContextBuilder builder = new SSLContextBuilder();builder.loadTrustMaterial(null, (X509Certificate[] x509Certificates, String s) -> true);SSLConnectionSocketFactory socketFactory = new SSLConnectionSocketFactory(builder.build(), new String[]{"SSLv2Hello", "SSLv3", "TLSv1", "TLSv1.2"}, null, NoopHostnameVerifier.INSTANCE);Registry<ConnectionSocketFactory> registry = RegistryBuilder.<ConnectionSocketFactory>create().register("http", new PlainConnectionSocketFactory()).register("https", socketFactory).build();PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager phccm = new PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager(registry);phccm.setMaxTotal(200);CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClients.custom().setSSLSocketFactory(socketFactory).setConnectionManager(phccm).setConnectionManagerShared(true).build();factory.setHttpClient(httpClient);RestTemplate restTemplate = new RestTemplate(factory);List<ClientHttpRequestInterceptor> clientInterceptorList = new ArrayList<>();for (CustomHttpRequestInterceptor i : interceptors) {ClientHttpRequestInterceptor interceptor = i;clientInterceptorList.add(interceptor);}restTemplate.setInterceptors(clientInterceptorList);return restTemplate;
}
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2. 为什么要绕过SSL认证?

至于为什么要绕过SSL认证,因为装证书的这些操作我并不会.同时也想试试能不能忽略这个证书认证调用接口.

• 首先如果想绕过证书,都必先创建X509TrustManager这个对象并且重写它的方法.

X509TrustManager该接口是一个用于Https的证书信任管理器,我们可以在这里添加我们的证书,让该管理器知道我们有那些证书是可以信任的.

该接口会有三个方法:

 void checkClientTrusted(X509Certificate[] xcs, String str)void checkServerTrusted(X509Certificate[] xcs, String str)X509Certificate[] getAcceptedIssuers()
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1. 第一个方法checkClientTrusted.该方法检查客户端的证书，若不信任该证书则抛出异常。由于我们不需要对客户端进行认证，因此我们只需要执行默认的信任管理器的这个方法。JSSE中，默认的信任管理器类为TrustManager。

2. 第二个方法checkServerTrusted.该方法检查服务器的证书，若不信任该证书同样抛出异常。通过自己实现该方法，可以使之信任我们指定的任何证书。在实现该方法时，也可以简单的不做任何处理，即一个空的函数体，由于不会抛出异常，它就会信任任何证书。

3. 第三个方法getAcceptedIssusers,返回受信任的X509证书数组。

而我们只需要重写这三个方法,并且不需要修改里面的内容.然后再交给HttpClient就可以实现绕过SSL认证了.

X509TrustManager trustManager = new X509TrustManager() {
@Override
public X509Certificate[] getAcceptedIssuers() {return null;
}@Override
public void checkClientTrusted(X509Certificate[] xcs, String str) {
}@Override
public void checkServerTrusted(X509Certificate[] xcs, String str) {
}SSLContext ctx = SSLContext.getInstance(SSLConnectionSocketFactory.SSL);
ctx.init(null, new TrustManager[]{trustManager}, null);//生成工厂
SSLConnectionSocketFactory socketFactory = new SSLConnectionSocketFactory(ctx, NoopHostnameVerifier.INSTANCE);//并注册到HttpClient中
Registry<ConnectionSocketFactory> socketFactoryRegistry = RegistryBuilder.<ConnectionSocketFactory>create()
.register("http", PlainConnectionSocketFactory.INSTANCE)
.register("https", socketFactory).build();HttpClientBuilder httpClientBuilder = HttpClients.custom().setConnectionManager(connectionManager);CloseableHttpClient httpClient = httpClientBuilder.build();
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回顾一下步骤:

1. 创建X509TrustManager对象并重写方法.
2. 创建SSLContext实例,并交到工厂管理.
3. 注册到HttpClient中.通过ConnectionManager最后生成httpClient.

3. 什么是NTLM?

NTLM是NT LAN Manager的缩写，这也说明了协议的来源。NTLM 是 Windows NT 早期版本的标准安全协议，Windows 2000 支持 NTLM 是为了保持向后兼容。Windows 2000内置三种基本安全协议之一。

NTLM的原理

NTLM的工作原理描述

其实我对这个了解得不是很深,因为遇上这种情况的感觉不会很多,所以网上的资源也不太多. 这里只是针对HttpClient遇上NTLM认证的情况详细描述一下.有兴趣的朋友可以通过以上的链接了解下.

4. 如何使用HttpClient进行NTLM认证?

这个查阅了官网的文档.官网也给出了解决方案.

hc.apache.org/httpcompone…

需要把这几个类编写一下.

JCIFSEngine:

public final class JCIFSEngine implements NTLMEngine {private static final int TYPE_1_FLAGS =NtlmFlags.NTLMSSP_NEGOTIATE_56 |NtlmFlags.NTLMSSP_NEGOTIATE_128 |NtlmFlags.NTLMSSP_NEGOTIATE_NTLM2 |NtlmFlags.NTLMSSP_NEGOTIATE_ALWAYS_SIGN |NtlmFlags.NTLMSSP_REQUEST_TARGET;@Overridepublic String generateType1Msg(final String domain, final String workstation) throws NTLMEngineException {final Type1Message type1Message = new Type1Message(TYPE_1_FLAGS, domain, workstation);return Base64.encode(type1Message.toByteArray());}@Overridepublic String generateType3Msg(final String username, final String password,final String domain, final String workstation, final String challenge)throws NTLMEngineException {Type2Message type2Message;try {type2Message = new Type2Message(Base64.decode(challenge));} catch (final IOException exception) {throw new NTLMEngineException("Invalid NTLM type 2 message", exception);}final int type2Flags = type2Message.getFlags();final int type3Flags = type2Flags& (0xffffffff ^ (NtlmFlags.NTLMSSP_TARGET_TYPE_DOMAIN | NtlmFlags.NTLMSSP_TARGET_TYPE_SERVER));final Type3Message type3Message = new Type3Message(type2Message, password, domain,username, workstation, type3Flags);return Base64.encode(type3Message.toByteArray());}
}
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JCIFSNTLMSchemeFactory:

public class JCIFSNTLMSchemeFactory implements AuthSchemeProvider {public AuthScheme create(final HttpContext context){return new NTLMScheme(new JCIFSEngine());}
}
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最后就在HttpClient注册:

Registry<AuthSchemeProvider> authSchemeRegistry = RegistryBuilder.<AuthSchemeProvider>create().register(AuthSchemes.NTLM, new JCIFSNTLMSchemeFactory()).register(AuthSchemes.BASIC, new BasicSchemeFactory()).register(AuthSchemes.DIGEST, new DigestSchemeFactory()).register(AuthSchemes.SPNEGO, new SPNegoSchemeFactory()).register(AuthSchemes.KERBEROS, new KerberosSchemeFactory()).build();
CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClients.custom().setDefaultAuthSchemeRegistry(authSchemeRegistry).build();
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最后就同时使用绕过SSL验证以及NTLM验证:

private static PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager connectionManager;
private static RequestConfig requestConfig;
private static Registry<AuthSchemeProvider> authSchemeRegistry;
private static Registry<ConnectionSocketFactory> socketFactoryRegistry;
private static CredentialsProvider credsProvider;public void init() {
try {
X509TrustManager trustManager = new X509TrustManager() {@Overridepublic X509Certificate[] getAcceptedIssuers() {return null;}@Overridepublic void checkClientTrusted(X509Certificate[] xcs, String str) {}@Overridepublic void checkServerTrusted(X509Certificate[] xcs, String str) {}
};
SSLContext ctx = SSLContext.getInstance(SSLConnectionSocketFactory.SSL);
ctx.init(null, new TrustManager[]{trustManager}, null);
SSLConnectionSocketFactory socketFactory = new SSLConnectionSocketFactory(ctx, NoopHostnameVerifier.INSTANCE);
NTCredentials creds = new NTCredentials("用户名", "密码", "工作站(workstation)", "域名");
credsProvider = new BasicCredentialsProvider();
credsProvider.setCredentials(AuthScope.ANY, creds);
socketFactoryRegistry = RegistryBuilder.<ConnectionSocketFactory>create().register("http", PlainConnectionSocketFactory.INSTANCE).register("https", socketFactory).build();
connectionManager = new PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager(socketFactoryRegistry);
connectionManager.setMaxTotal(18);
connectionManager.setDefaultMaxPerRoute(6);
requestConfig = RequestConfig.custom().setSocketTimeout(30000).setConnectTimeout(30000).build();
authSchemeRegistry = RegistryBuilder.<AuthSchemeProvider>create().register(AuthSchemes.NTLM, new JCIFSNTLMSchemeFactory()).register(AuthSchemes.BASIC, new BasicSchemeFactory()).register(AuthSchemes.DIGEST, new DigestSchemeFactory()).register(AuthSchemes.SPNEGO, new SPNegoSchemeFactory()).register(AuthSchemes.KERBEROS, new KerberosSchemeFactory()).build();
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
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参考资料

www.jianshu.com/p/8d4e7dcb2…

blog.csdn.net/cj649934578…