#闭包函数：函数内部定义函数，成为内部函数，
#该内部函数包含对外部作用域，而不是对全局作用域名字的引用
#那么该内部函数成为闭包函数# name='alex'
# def func():
#     name='egon'
#     def bar():
#         print(name)
#     return bar
# b=func()
# print(b)# def foo():
#     name='ssssss'
#     b()
# foo()# name='alex'
# def func():
#     name='egon'
#     x=1000000000000000000000
#     def bar():
#         print(name)
#         print(x)
#         a=1
#         b=2
#     return bar
#
# f=func()
# print(f())
# print(f.__closure__[0].cell_contents)
# print(f.__closure__[1].cell_contents)# name='alex'
# def func():
#     name='egon'
#     x=1000000000000000000000
#     def bar():
#         print(name)
#         print(x)
#         a=1
#         b=2
#     print(bar.__closure__)#能打印出值就是闭包函数
# func()#闭包函数：1 内部函数  2 包含对外部作用域而非全局作用域的引用
#闭包函数的特点：# 自带作用域# 延迟计算
# name='alex'
# def func():
#     def bar():
#         print(name)
#     return bar
# f=func()
# print(f.__closure__)
# f()# money=1000
# def tell_ino(name):
#     print('%s have money %s' %(name,money))
# tell_ino('egon')
#
# def f1():
#     money=10
#     tell_ino('egon')
# f1()#包一层
# def wrapper():
#     money=1000
#     def tell_info():
#         print('egon have money %s' %(money))
#     return tell_info
#
# tell_info=wrapper()
#
# def foo():
#     money=100
#     tell_info()
# foo()#包两层
# def aaa():
#     name='egon'
#     def wrapper():
#         money=1000
#         def tell_info():
#             print('egon have money %s' %(money))
#             print('my namn is %s' %name)
#         return tell_info
#     return wrapper
#
# w=aaa()
# tell_info=w()
# print(tell_info.__closure__[0].cell_contents)
# print(tell_info.__closure__[1].cell_contents)'''
报错NameError: name 'money' is not defined原因：函数的作用域关系在函数定义阶段就已经固定，与调用位置无关无论函数在何处调用，都需要回到定义阶段去找对应的作用域关系此例：虽然tell_info('egon')是在foo内调用并且引用money，但仍需要回到定义tell_info的阶段去找作用域关系，而定义时tell_info引用的money就是全局的money如果全局不存在则抛出异常NameError'''#定义闭包函数的基本形式
# def 外部函数名():
#     内部函数需要的变量
#     def 内部函数():
#         引用外部变量
#     return 内部函数# def deco():
#     x=1
#     def wrapper():
#         print(x)
#     return wrapper
# wrapper=deco()
# print(wrapper)# def wrapper():
#     print(x)
#     print(y)# def deco1():
#     y=2
#     def deco():
#         x=1
#         def wrapper():
#             print(x)
#             print(y)
#         return wrapper
#     return deco
# deco=deco1()
#
# wrapper=deco()
#
# wrapper()# from urllib.request import urlopen
# print(urlopen('http://www.xiaohua100.cn/').read())
# print(urlopen('https://www.python.org').read())# def get(url):
#     return urlopen(url).read()
# print(get('http://www.xiaohua100.cn/'))# def index(url):
#     # url='http://www.xiaohua100.cn/'
#     def get():
#         return urlopen(url).read()
#     return get
# xiaohua=index('http://www.xiaohua100.cn/')
# python=index('https://www.python.org')
# baidu=index('http://www.baidu.com')
# print(python())

'''
一：开放封闭原则，对扩展是开放的，对修改是封闭的
二：装饰器，装饰器本质可以任意可调用对象，被装饰的对象也可以是任意可调用对象，装饰器的功能是：在不修改被装饰对象源代码以及调用方式的前提下为期添加新功能原则：1.不修改源代码2.不修改调用方法目标：添加新功能
'''
# import time
# import random
# #装饰器
# def timmer(func):
#     # func=index
#     def wrapper():
#         start_time = time.time()
#         func() #index()
#         stop_time=time.time()
#         print('run time is %s' %(stop_time-start_time))
#     return wrapper
# #被装饰函数
# def index():
#     time.sleep(random.randrange(1,5))
#     print('welecome to index page')
#
# def home():
#     time.sleep(random.randrange(1,3))
#     print('welecome to HOME page')
#
# index=timmer(index) #index=wrapper
# home=timmer(home)
#
# index() #wrapper()
# home()#装饰器的语法:在被装饰对象的正上方的单独一行，@装饰器名字
# import time
# import random
# #装饰器
# def timmer(func):
#     def wrapper():
#         start_time = time.time()
#         func()
#         stop_time=time.time()
#         print('run time is %s' %(stop_time-start_time))
#     return wrapper
# #被装饰函数
# @timmer #index=timmer(index)
# def index():
#     time.sleep(random.randrange(1,5))
#     print('welecome to index page')
# @timmer #home=timmer(home)
# def home():
#     time.sleep(random.randrange(1,3))
#     print('welecome to HOME page')
#
# index() #wrapper()
# # home()#加多个装饰器
import time
import random
#装饰器
#统计时间功能
# def timmer(func):
#     def wrapper():
#         start_time = time.time()
#         func()#index()
#         stop_time=time.time()
#         print('run time is %s' %(stop_time-start_time))
#     return wrapper
#认证功能
# def auth(func):
#     def deco():
#         name=input('name: ')
#         password=input('password: ')
#         if name == 'egon' and password == '123':
#             print('login successful')
#             func() #wrapper()
#         else:
#             print('login err')
#     return deco#被装饰函数
# @auth #index=auth(wrapper) #index=deco
# @timmer #index=timmer(index) #index=wrapper
# def index():
#     time.sleep(random.randrange(1,5))
#     time.sleep(3)
#     print('welecome to index page')
#
# def home():
#     time.sleep(random.randrange(1,3))
#     print('welecome to HOME page')# index() #deco()
# home()#装饰器修订
import time
import random
#装饰器
def timmer(func):def wrapper(*args,**kwargs):start_time = time.time()res=func(*args,**kwargs)stop_time=time.time()print('run time is %s' %(stop_time-start_time))return resreturn wrapper
#被装饰函数

@timmer
def index():time.sleep(random.randrange(1,5))print('welecome to index page')
@timmer
def home(name):time.sleep(random.randrange(1,3))print('welecome to %s HOME page' %name)return 123123123123123123123123123123123123123123index()res1=index()
print('index return %s' %res1)
res2=home('egon') #wraper()
print('home return %s' %res2)