http mjpeg 图像格式

网络摄像头的视频流解析直接使用通过http的Mjpeg是具有边界帧信息的multipart/x-mixed-replace，而jpeg数据只是以二进制形式发送。因此，实际上不需要关心HTTP协议标头。所有jpeg帧均以marker开头，0xff 0xd8并以0xff 0xd9 结尾。因此，代码可以从http流中提取此类帧，解码，编码h264 ，重新发送。

抓包

GET /stream/mjpeg HTTP/1.1
Host: 192.168.0.66:2401
Connection: keep-alive
Upgrade-Insecure-Requests: 1
User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/90.0.4430.85 Safari/537.36
Accept: text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/avif,image/webp,image/apng,/;q=0.8,application/signed-exchange;v=b3;q=0.9
Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate
Accept-Language: zh-CN,zh;q=0.9

HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Content-Type: multipart/x-mixed-replace;boundary=----WebKitFormBoundaryIZDrYHwuf2VJdpHw
Cache-Control: no-cache

------WebKitFormBoundaryIZDrYHwuf2VJdpHw
Content-Type: image/jpg
Content-Length: 61108

…JFIF…

1、python opencv来读 http mjpeg

以下使用python来读http mjpeg，因为python 方便快速，可以做原型方法的测试

import cv2
import requests
import numpy as npr = requests.get('http://192.168.1.xx/mjpeg.cgi', auth=('user', 'password'), stream=True)
if(r.status_code == 200):bytes = bytes()for chunk in r.iter_content(chunk_size=1024):bytes += chunka = bytes.find(b'\xff\xd8')b = bytes.find(b'\xff\xd9')if a != -1 and b != -1:jpg = bytes[a:b+2]bytes = bytes[b+2:]i = cv2.imdecode(np.fromstring(jpg, dtype=np.uint8), cv2.IMREAD_COLOR)cv2.imshow('i', i)if cv2.waitKey(1) == 27:exit(0)
else:print("Received unexpected status code {}".format(r.status_code))

2、java读取

java读取也是很方便的

package net.thistleshrub.mechwarfare.mjpeg;import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
import java.io.ByteArrayInputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.StringWriter;
import java.net.SocketTimeoutException;
import java.net.URL;
import java.net.URLConnection;import javax.imageio.ImageIO;public class MjpegRunner implements Runnable
{private static final String CONTENT_LENGTH = "Content-length: ";private static final String CONTENT_TYPE = "Content-type: image/jpeg";private MJpegViewer viewer;private InputStream urlStream;private StringWriter stringWriter;private boolean processing = true;public MjpegRunner(MJpegViewer viewer, URL url) throws IOException{this.viewer = viewer;URLConnection urlConn = url.openConnection();// change the timeout to taste, I like 1 secondurlConn.setReadTimeout(1000);urlConn.connect();urlStream = urlConn.getInputStream();stringWriter = new StringWriter(128);}public synchronized void stop(){processing = false;}@Overridepublic void run(){while(processing){try{byte[] imageBytes = retrieveNextImage();ByteArrayInputStream bais = new ByteArrayInputStream(imageBytes);BufferedImage image = ImageIO.read(bais);viewer.setBufferedImage(image);viewer.repaint();}catch(SocketTimeoutException ste){System.err.println("failed stream read: " + ste);viewer.setFailedString("Lost Camera connection: " + ste);viewer.repaint();stop();}catch(IOException e){System.err.println("failed stream read: " + e);stop();}}// close streamstry{urlStream.close();}catch(IOException ioe){System.err.println("Failed to close the stream: " + ioe);}}/*** Using the urlStream get the next JPEG image as a byte[]* @return byte[] of the JPEG* @throws IOException*/private byte[] retrieveNextImage() throws IOException{boolean haveHeader = false; int currByte = -1;String header = null;// build headers// the DCS-930L stops it's headerswhile((currByte = urlStream.read()) > -1 && !haveHeader){stringWriter.write(currByte);String tempString = stringWriter.toString(); int indexOf = tempString.indexOf(CONTENT_TYPE);if(indexOf > 0){haveHeader = true;header = tempString;}}      // 255 indicates the start of the jpeg imagewhile((urlStream.read()) != 255){// just skip extras}// rest is the bufferint contentLength = contentLength(header);byte[] imageBytes = new byte[contentLength + 1];// since we ate the original 255 , shove it back inimageBytes[0] = (byte)255;int offset = 1;int numRead = 0;while (offset < imageBytes.length&& (numRead=urlStream.read(imageBytes, offset, imageBytes.length-offset)) >= 0) {offset += numRead;}       stringWriter = new StringWriter(128);return imageBytes;}// dirty but it works content-length parsingprivate static int contentLength(String header){int indexOfContentLength = header.indexOf(CONTENT_LENGTH);int valueStartPos = indexOfContentLength + CONTENT_LENGTH.length();int indexOfEOL = header.indexOf('\n', indexOfContentLength);String lengthValStr = header.substring(valueStartPos, indexOfEOL).trim();int retValue = Integer.parseInt(lengthValStr);return retValue;}
}

3、c++读取

未完待续

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http mjpeg 图像读取

http mjpeg 图像格式

抓包

1、python opencv来读 http mjpeg

2、java读取

3、c++读取

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