Linux常见命令英文全称

su：Swith user 切换用户，切换到root用户
cat: Concatenate 串联
uname: Unix name 系统名称
df: Disk free 空余硬盘
du: Disk usage 硬盘使用率
chown: Change owner 改变所有者
chgrp: Change group 改变用户组
ps：Process Status 进程状态
tar：Tape archive 解压文件
chmod: Change mode 改变模式
umount: Unmount 卸载
ldd：List dynamic dependencies 列出动态相依
insmod：Install module 安装模块
rmmod：Remove module 删除模块
lsmod：List module 列表模块
alias :Create your own name for a command
bash :GNU Bourne-Again Shell linux内核
grep:global regular expression print
httpd :Start Apache
ipcalc :Calculate IP information for a host
ping :Send ICMP ECHO_Request to network hosts
reboot: Restart your computer
sudo:Superuser do

/bin = BINaries
/dev = DEVices
/etc = ETCetera
/lib = LIBrary
/proc = PROCesses
/sbin = Superuser BINaries
/tmp = TeMPorary
/usr = Unix Shared Resources
/var = VARiable ?
FIFO = First In, First Out
GRUB = GRand Unified Bootloader
IFS = Internal Field Seperators
LILO = LInux LOader
MySQL = My最初作者的名字SQL = Structured Query Language
PHP = Personal Home Page Tools = PHP Hypertext Preprocessor
PS = Prompt String
Perl = "Pratical Extraction and Report Language" = "Pathologically Eclectic Rubbish Lister"
Python Monty Python's Flying Circus
Tcl = Tool Command Language
Tk = ToolKit
VT = Video Terminal
YaST = Yet Another Setup Tool
apache = "a patchy" server
apt = Advanced Packaging Tool
ar = archiver
as = assembler
bash = Bourne Again SHell
bc = Basic (Better) Calculator
bg = BackGround
cal = CALendar
cat = CATenate
cd = Change Directory
chgrp = CHange GRouP
chmod = CHange MODe
chown = CHange OWNer
chsh = CHange SHell
cmp = compare
cobra = Common Object Request Broker Architecture
comm = common
cp = CoPy
cpio = CoPy In and Out
cpp = C Pre Processor
cups = Common Unix Printing System
cvs = Current Version System
daemon = Disk And Execution MONitor
dc = Desk Calculator
dd = Disk Dump
df = Disk Free
diff = DIFFerence
dmesg = diagnostic message
du = Disk Usage
ed = editor
egrep = Extended GREP
elf = Extensible Linking Format
elm = ELectronic Mail
emacs = Editor MACroS
eval = EVALuate
ex = EXtended
exec = EXECute
fd = file descriptors
fg = ForeGround
fgrep = Fixed GREP
fmt = format
fsck = File System ChecK
fstab = FileSystem TABle
fvwm = F*** Virtual Window Manager
gawk = GNU AWK
gpg = GNU Privacy Guard
groff = GNU troff
hal = Hardware Abstraction Layer
joe = Joe's Own Editor
ksh = Korn SHell
lame = Lame Ain't an MP3 Encoder
lex = LEXical analyser
lisp = LISt Processing = Lots of Irritating Superfluous Parentheses
ln = LiNk
lpr = Line PRint
ls = list
lsof = LiSt Open Files
m4 = Macro processor Version 4
man = MANual pages
mawk = Mike Brennan's AWK
mc = Midnight Commander
mkfs = MaKe FileSystem
mknod = MaKe NODe
motd = Message of The Day
mozilla = MOsaic GodZILLa
mtab = Mount TABle
mv = MoVe
nano = Nano's ANOther editor
nawk = New AWK
nl = Number of Lines
nm = names
nohup = No HangUP
nroff = New ROFF
od = Octal Dump
passwd = PASSWorD
pg = pager
pico = PIne's message COmposition editor
pine = "Program for Internet News & Email" = "Pine is not Elm"
ping = Packet InterNet Grouper
pirntcap = PRINTer CAPability
popd = POP Directory
pr = pre
printf = PRINT Formatted
ps = Processes Status
pty = pseudo tty
pushd = PUSH Directory
pwd = Print Working Directory
rc = runcom = run command, shell
rev = REVerse
rm = ReMove
rn = Read News
roff = RunOFF
rpm = RPM Package Manager = RedHat Package Manager
rsh, rlogin, = Remote
rxvt = ouR XVT
sed = Stream EDitor
seq = SEQuence
shar = SHell ARchive
slrn = S-Lang rn
ssh = Secure SHell
ssl = Secure Sockets Layer
stty = Set TTY
su = Substitute User
svn = SubVersioN
tar = Tape ARchive
tcsh = TENEX C shell
telnet = TEminaL over Network
termcap = terminal capability
terminfo = terminal information
tr = traslate
troff = Typesetter new ROFF
tsort = Topological SORT
tty = TeleTypewriter
twm = Tom's Window Manager
tz = TimeZone
udev = Userspace DEV
ulimit = User's LIMIT
umask = User's MASK
uniq = UNIQue
vi = VIsual = Very Inconvenient
vim = Vi IMproved
wall = write all
wc = Word Count
wine = WINE Is Not an Emulator
xargs = eXtended ARGuments
xdm = X Display Manager
xlfd = X Logical Font Description
xmms = X Multimedia System
xrdb = X Resources DataBase
xwd = X Window Dump
yacc = yet another compiler compiler

1、ls 英文原意：listl
ls -a 等于 ls --all
2、mkdir 英文原意：make directories

3、cd 英文原意：change directory

4、pwd 英文原意：print working directory

5、rmdir 英文原意：remove empty directories

6、目录处理命令：cp
⑤、功能描述：复制文件或目录
⑥、语法：cp -rp 【原文件或目录】【目标目录】
　　　　 cp -r 复制目录
cp -p 保留文件属性

7、目录处理命令：mv
①、命令名称：mv
②、英文原意：move

8、目录处理命令：rm
①、命令名称：rm
②、英文原意：remove
③、命令所在路径：/bin/rm
④、执行权限：所有用户
⑤、功能描述：删除文件
⑥、语法：rm -rf 【文件或目录】
-r 删除目录
-f 强制执行

1、压缩解压命令：gzip
①、命令名称：gzip
②、英文原意：GNU zip
③、命令所在路径：/bin/gzip
④、执行权限：所有用户
⑤、功能描述：压缩文件
⑥、语法：gzip 【文件】
注意：只能压缩文件，不能压缩目录；压缩完后不保留原文件
压缩后文件格式为： .gz

3、压缩解压命令：tar①、命令名称：tar②、英文原意：③、命令所在路径：/bin/tar④、执行权限：所有用户⑤、功能描述：打包目录⑥、语法：tar 选项【-zcf】【压缩后文件名】【目录】
　　　　-c 打包
　　　　 -v 显示详细信息
　　　　 -f 指定文件名
　　　　 -z 打包同时压缩
压缩后文件格式： .tar.gz
范例：tar -zcvf a.tar.gz a 将 a 目录打包并压缩生成 a.tar.gz 的压缩文件

tar 命令解压缩语法
　　　　-x 解包
　　　　-v 显示详细信息
　　　　-f 指定解压文件
　　　　-z 解压缩
tar -zxvf a.tar.gz

4、压缩解压命令：zip
①、命令名称：zip
②、英文原意：
③、命令所在路径：/usr/bin/zip
④、执行权限：所有用户
⑤、功能描述：压缩文件或目录
⑥、语法：tar 选项【-r】【压缩后文件名】【文件或目录】
　　　　　　-r 压缩目录
压缩后文件：zip

5、压缩解压命令：unzip
①、命令名称：unzip
②、英文原意：
③、命令所在路径：/usr/bin/unzip
④、执行权限：所有用户
⑤、功能描述：解压.zip 的压缩文件
⑥、语法：unzip 【文件名】

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