笔记31 笨办法学python练习39可爱的词典

笔记31 笨办法学python练习39可爱的词典

从列表进到字典这个数据结构了。交互式的那个py编译器还需要继续熟悉，很多都是要记忆得很清楚。到atom编辑器上打码，还是错误多多，好在经过多轮练习，现在寻找错误的水平提高了不少。昨天晚上未能将错误编码一网打尽，今天上午继续开键，很快就将错误全扫，其实大都属于打印不细致造成。按照ps提示和对于代码的理解，一般不会很困难了，这让人有点欣慰感。
现在来对代码的思路做一点整理和扩展，做成ex39.1.py，对字典的理解就会更好一些。把对美国州的对应换成中国省的对应，看看这样转换的结果如何。
终于做成功了，用中文的地名作为词典内容，稍有更改，做成ex39.1.py。改错是个技巧活，有时候会进到一个误区，以为既然要求出城市名，自然是城市的集合，但因为你用州来作为变量来取值城市，实际上还是用州来表示城市名，打印出来的则是城市。
例如
rint("浙江 has: ", cities[states[‘杭州’]])
print("四川 has: ", cities[states[‘成都’]])
像这样的错误往往隐藏着，一不小心就被蒙住了以为想当然无措。但走投无路之时你会猛地想到，是不是这样的地方有名称错误，结果果然有错。后面69行出现的整体错误integers，关键字错误key，还有语法错误syntax也是迷惑人的，估计熟悉后要好一些吧。
转换练习xe39.1.py

在这里插入代码片# create a mapping of state to abbreviation
states = {'湖北': '鄂','广东': '粤','浙江': '浙','四川': '川','湖南': '湘',
}# create a basic set of states and some cities in them
cities = {'鄂': '武汉','粤': '广州','浙': '杭州','川': '成都'
}# add some more cities
cities['粤'] = '深圳'
cities['湘'] = '长沙'# create a mapping of cities to abbreviation
cities_abbrev = {'武汉': '汉','广州': '穗','杭州': '杭','成都': '成','深圳': '深','长沙': '长','北京': '京','上海': '沪'
}# print some cities
print('-' * 10)
print("粤 State has: ", cities['粤'])
print("湘 State has: ", cities['湘'])# print some states
print('-' * 10)
print("湖北's abbreviation is: ", states['湖北'])
print("广东's abbreviation is: ", states['广东'])# do it by using the stwte then cities dict
print('-' * 10)
print("浙江 has: ", cities[states['浙江']])
print("四川 has: ", cities[states['四川']])# print every stste abbrev
print('-' * 10)
for state, abbrev in list(states.items()):print(f"{state} is abbreviated{abbrev}")#print every city in state
print('-' * 10)
for abbrev, city in list(cities_abbrev.items()):print(f"{abbrev} has the city {city}")# now do both at the same time
print('-' * 10)
for state, abbrev in list(states.items()):print(f"{state} is abbreviated{abbrev}")print(f"and has city {cities[abbrev]}")# print every city and  their abbrev
print('-' * 10)
for cities_abbrev, abbrev in list(cities_abbrev.items()):print(f"{city} is abbreviated{abbrev}")print(f"and has city {cities_abbrev}")if not city:print("Sorry, no this.")# get a city with a default value
city = cities.get('TX', 'Does Not Exit')
print(f"The city for the state '桂' is: {city}")

执行

在这里插入代码片SyntaxError: invalid syntax
PS C:\Users\lenovo\1pythonw> python ex39.1.py
----------
粤 State has:  深圳
湘 State has:  长沙
----------
湖北's abbreviation is:  鄂
广东's abbreviation is:  粤
----------
浙江 has:  杭州
四川 has:  成都
----------
湖北 is abbreviated鄂
广东 is abbreviated粤
浙江 is abbreviated浙
四川 is abbreviated川
湖南 is abbreviated湘
----------
武汉 has the city 汉
广州 has the city 穗
杭州 has the city 杭
成都 has the city 成
深圳 has the city 深
长沙 has the city 长
北京 has the city 京
上海 has the city 沪
----------
湖北 is abbreviated鄂
and has city 武汉
广东 is abbreviated粤
and has city 深圳
浙江 is abbreviated浙
and has city 杭州
四川 is abbreviated川
and has city 成都
湖南 is abbreviated湘
and has city 长沙
----------
沪 is abbreviated汉
and has city 武汉
沪 is abbreviated穗
and has city 广州
沪 is abbreviated杭
and has city 杭州
沪 is abbreviated成
and has city 成都
沪 is abbreviated深
and has city 深圳
沪 is abbreviated长
and has city 长沙
沪 is abbreviated京
and has city 北京
沪 is abbreviated沪
and has city 上海
The city for the state '桂' is: Does Not Exit
PS C:\Users\lenovo\1pythonw>以上还是有错，继续改错得ex39.2.py```python
在这里插入代码片# create a mapping of state to abbreviation
states = {'湖北': '鄂','广东': '粤','浙江': '浙','四川': '川','湖南': '湘',
}# create a basic set of states and some cities in them
cities = {'鄂': '武汉','粤': '广州','浙': '杭州','川': '成都'
}# add some more cities
cities['粤'] = '深圳'
cities['湘'] = '长沙'# create a mapping of cities to abbreviation
cities_abbrev = {'武汉': '汉','广州': '穗','杭州': '杭','成都': '成','深圳': '深','长沙': '长','北京': '京','上海': '沪'
}# print some cities
print('-' * 10)
print("粤 State has: ", cities['粤'])
print("湘 State has: ", cities['湘'])# print some states
print('-' * 10)
print("湖北's abbreviation is: ", states['湖北'])
print("广东's abbreviation is: ", states['广东'])# do it by using the stwte then cities dict
print('-' * 10)
print("浙江 has: ", cities[states['浙江']])
print("四川 has: ", cities[states['四川']])# print every stste abbrev
print('-' * 10)
for state, abbrev in list(states.items()):print(f"{state} is abbreviated{abbrev}")#print every city in state
print('-' * 10)
for abbrev, city in list(cities_abbrev.items()):print(f"{abbrev} has abbreviation name {city}")# now do both at the same time
print('-' * 10)
for state, abbrev in list(states.items()):print(f"{state} is abbreviated{abbrev}")print(f"and has city {cities[abbrev]}")if not city:print("Sorry, no this.")# get a city with a default value
city = cities.get('TX', 'Does Not Exit')
print(f"The city for the state '桂' is: {city}")

执行

在这里插入代码片PS C:\Users\lenovo\1pythonw> python ex39.2.py
----------
粤 State has:  深圳
湘 State has:  长沙
----------
湖北's abbreviation is:  鄂
广东's abbreviation is:  粤
----------
浙江 has:  杭州
四川 has:  成都
----------
湖北 is abbreviated鄂
广东 is abbreviated粤
浙江 is abbreviated浙
四川 is abbreviated川
湖南 is abbreviated湘
----------
武汉 has abbreviation name 汉
广州 has abbreviation name 穗
杭州 has abbreviation name 杭
成都 has abbreviation name 成
深圳 has abbreviation name 深
长沙 has abbreviation name 长
北京 has abbreviation name 京
上海 has abbreviation name 沪
----------
湖北 is abbreviated鄂
and has city 武汉
广东 is abbreviated粤
and has city 深圳
浙江 is abbreviated浙
and has city 杭州
四川 is abbreviated川
and has city 成都
湖南 is abbreviated湘
and has city 长沙
The city for the state '桂' is: Does Not Exit
PS C:\Users\lenovo\1pythonw>

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