配置环境：CentOS-7.5

内存建议最少分配4g；

开启虚拟化：

阿里云开源站点下载docker-ce.repo

[root@www ~]# wget https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo
[root@www ~]# mv docker-ce.repo /etc/yum.repos.d/
[root@www ~]# yum repolist
已加载插件：fastestmirror, langpacks
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile* epel: mirror.horizon.vn
源标识                            源名称                                                    状态
EPEL/7/x86_64                     CentOS-7 - Base - 163.com                                  9,911
base                              cdrom                                                      9,911
docker-ce-stable/x86_64           Docker CE Stable - x86_64                                     25
epel/x86_64                       Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 7 - x86_64            12,703
extras/7/x86_64                   CentOS-7 - Extras - 163.com                                  434
updates/7/x86_64                  CentOS-7 - Updates - 163.com                               1,614
repolist: 34,598

查看一下其配置文件中的baseurl，是否为国内镜像资源站点，假如为外网，建议用末行模式修改过来，否则，不仅慢还需要科学上网；

[root@www ~]# cat /etc/yum.repos.d/docker-ce.repo
[docker-ce-stable]
name=Docker CE Stable - $basearch
baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/7/$basearch/stable
enabled=1
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/gpg[docker-ce-stable-debuginfo]
name=Docker CE Stable - Debuginfo $basearch
baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/7/debug-$basearch/stable
enabled=0
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/gpg[docker-ce-stable-source]
name=Docker CE Stable - Sources
baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/7/source/stable
enabled=0
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/gpg[docker-ce-edge]
name=Docker CE Edge - $basearch
baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/7/$basearch/edge
enabled=0
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/gpg[docker-ce-edge-debuginfo]
name=Docker CE Edge - Debuginfo $basearch
baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/7/debug-$basearch/edge
enabled=0
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/gpg[docker-ce-edge-source]
name=Docker CE Edge - Sources
baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/7/source/edge
enabled=0
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/gpg[docker-ce-test]
name=Docker CE Test - $basearch
baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/7/$basearch/test
enabled=0
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/gpg[docker-ce-test-debuginfo]
name=Docker CE Test - Debuginfo $basearch
baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/7/debug-$basearch/test
enabled=0
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/gpg[docker-ce-test-source]
name=Docker CE Test - Sources
baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/7/source/test
enabled=0
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/gpg[docker-ce-nightly]
name=Docker CE Nightly - $basearch
baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/7/$basearch/nightly
enabled=0
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/gpg[docker-ce-nightly-debuginfo]
name=Docker CE Nightly - Debuginfo $basearch
baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/7/debug-$basearch/nightly
enabled=0
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/gpg[docker-ce-nightly-source]
name=Docker CE Nightly - Sources
baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/7/source/nightly
enabled=0
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/gpg

然后我们直接用yum安装docker-ce即可；

[root@www ~]# yum install docker-ce
已加载插件：fastestmirror, langpacks
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile* epel: mirror.horizon.vn
正在解决依赖关系
--> 正在检查事务
---> 软件包 docker-ce.x86_64.3.18.09.0-3.el7 将被 安装
--> 正在处理依赖关系 container-selinux >= 2.9，它被软件包 3:docker-ce-18.09.0-3.el7.x86_64 需要
--> 正在处理依赖关系 containerd.io，它被软件包 3:docker-ce-18.09.0-3.el7.x86_64 需要
--> 正在处理依赖关系 docker-ce-cli，它被软件包 3:docker-ce-18.09.0-3.el7.x86_64 需要
--> 正在检查事务
---> 软件包 container-selinux.noarch.2.2.68-1.el7 将被 安装
---> 软件包 containerd.io.x86_64.0.1.2.0-3.el7 将被 安装
---> 软件包 docker-ce-cli.x86_64.1.18.09.0-3.el7 将被 安装
--> 解决依赖关系完成依赖关系解决==================================================================================================Package                   架构           版本                     源                        大小
==================================================================================================
正在安装:docker-ce                 x86_64         3:18.09.0-3.el7          docker-ce-stable          19 M
为依赖而安装:container-selinux         noarch         2:2.68-1.el7             extras                    36 kcontainerd.io             x86_64         1.2.0-3.el7              docker-ce-stable          22 Mdocker-ce-cli             x86_64         1:18.09.0-3.el7          docker-ce-stable          14 M事务概要
==================================================================================================
安装  1 软件包 (+3 依赖软件包)总下载量：55 M
安装大小：235 M
Is this ok [y/d/N]: y
Downloading packages:
(1/4): container-selinux-2.68-1.el7.noarch.rpm                             |  36 kB  00:00:03
warning: /var/cache/yum/x86_64/7/docker-ce-stable/packages/containerd.io-1.2.0-3.el7.x86_64.rpm: Header V4 RSA/SHA512 Signature, key ID 621e9f35: NOKEY
containerd.io-1.2.0-3.el7.x86_64.rpm 的公钥尚未安装
(2/4): containerd.io-1.2.0-3.el7.x86_64.rpm                                |  22 MB  00:00:09
(3/4): docker-ce-cli-18.09.0-3.el7.x86_64.rpm                              |  14 MB  00:00:04
(4/4): docker-ce-18.09.0-3.el7.x86_64.rpm                                  |  19 MB  00:00:19
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
总计                                                              2.8 MB/s |  55 MB  00:00:19
从 https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/gpg 检索密钥
导入 GPG key 0x621E9F35:用户ID     : "Docker Release (CE rpm) <docker@docker.com>"指纹       : 060a 61c5 1b55 8a7f 742b 77aa c52f eb6b 621e 9f35来自       : https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/gpg
是否继续？[y/N]：y
Running transaction check
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded
Running transaction正在安装    : containerd.io-1.2.0-3.el7.x86_64                                              1/4正在安装    : 1:docker-ce-cli-18.09.0-3.el7.x86_64                                          2/4正在安装    : 2:container-selinux-2.68-1.el7.noarch                                         3/4
setsebool:  SELinux is disabled.正在安装    : 3:docker-ce-18.09.0-3.el7.x86_64                                              4/4验证中      : 1:docker-ce-cli-18.09.0-3.el7.x86_64                                          1/4验证中      : 3:docker-ce-18.09.0-3.el7.x86_64                                              2/4验证中      : containerd.io-1.2.0-3.el7.x86_64                                              3/4验证中      : 2:container-selinux-2.68-1.el7.noarch                                         4/4已安装:docker-ce.x86_64 3:18.09.0-3.el7                                                               作为依赖被安装:container-selinux.noarch 2:2.68-1.el7             containerd.io.x86_64 0:1.2.0-3.el7           docker-ce-cli.x86_64 1:18.09.0-3.el7            完毕！

建议对docker设置enable属性，并开启docker，并查看其版本；

[root@www ~]# systemctl enable docker
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/docker.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/docker.service.
[root@www ~]# systemctl start  docker
[root@www ~]# docker version
Client:Version:           18.09.0API version:       1.39Go version:        go1.10.4Git commit:        4d60db4Built:             Wed Nov  7 00:48:22 2018OS/Arch:           linux/amd64Experimental:      falseServer: Docker Engine - CommunityEngine:Version:          18.09.0API version:      1.39 (minimum version 1.12)Go version:       go1.10.4Git commit:       4d60db4Built:            Wed Nov  7 00:19:08 2018OS/Arch:          linux/amd64Experimental:     false

Docker是由独立的仓库的，其内容一般都docker hub上，所以我们需要在docker hub上申请一个账号，地址是https://hub.docker.com

注意：

1． 假如我们第一次申请，我们的浏览器也没有科学上网的插件，那么最后的sign up选项就是灰色无法点击的，因为我们没有办法收到邮件，所以我们需要在我们的浏览器上安装一个插件，以便我们可以科学上网，收到回执邮件；

2． 具体插件名称为：谷歌访问助手；

3． 教程链接：http://www.ggfwzs.com

1.申请完账号后，我们可以简单的做一个nginx小镜像进行测试：

2.在tag标签里选择1.14-apline版本；

3.本地安装nginx:1.14-apline版本（默认先查找本地镜像仓库，没有的话就去docker hub上查找，然后下载到本地，默认不会有动作，所以我们需要在开启一个Xshell借口来查看信息）；

[root@www ~]# docker run --name ngx nginx:1.14-alpine
Unable to find image 'nginx:1.14-alpine' locally
1.14-alpine: Pulling from library/nginx
4fe2ade4980c: Pull complete
c691664ebb08: Pull complete
a6f6a50701b6: Pull complete
5980ba3b5a39: Pull complete
Digest: sha256:75cf17cdf89cbd8da65c83050ebdab1026b98cf217442d6a1f2a8892f47967d7
Status: Downloaded newer image for nginx:1.14-alpine

4.开启另一个Xshell接口，查看运行信息；

[root@www ~]# docker container ls
CONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND                  CREATED              STATUS              PORTS               NAMES
2fc0b111434b        nginx:1.14-alpine   "nginx -g 'daemon of…"   About a minute ago   Up About a minute   80/tcp              ngx
[root@www ~]#
[root@www ~]# docker image ls
REPOSITORY          TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE
nginx               1.14-alpine         77bae8d00654        5 days ago          17.7MB

5.通过inspect查看ngx镜像的IP地址（最后几行中有，172.17.0.2）；

[root@www ~]# docker inspect ngx
[{"Id": "2fc0b111434b579f6ffe080abd914cb921be070f20c55ed02ed7645e9a4d7a59","Created": "2018-11-12T12:23:37.39282113Z","Path": "nginx","Args": ["-g","daemon off;"],"State": {"Status": "running","Running": true,"Paused": false,"Restarting": false,"OOMKilled": false,"Dead": false,"Pid": 61533,"ExitCode": 0,"Error": "","StartedAt": "2018-11-12T12:23:45.219006468Z","FinishedAt": "0001-01-01T00:00:00Z"},"Image": "sha256:77bae8d0065423e2338884d3698ef5ff9de8dec05a55dc81cf48ae9e78008b3f","ResolvConfPath": "/var/lib/docker/containers/2fc0b111434b579f6ffe080abd914cb921be070f20c55ed02ed7645e9a4d7a59/resolv.conf","HostnamePath": "/var/lib/docker/containers/2fc0b111434b579f6ffe080abd914cb921be070f20c55ed02ed7645e9a4d7a59/hostname","HostsPath": "/var/lib/docker/containers/2fc0b111434b579f6ffe080abd914cb921be070f20c55ed02ed7645e9a4d7a59/hosts","LogPath": "/var/lib/docker/containers/2fc0b111434b579f6ffe080abd914cb921be070f20c55ed02ed7645e9a4d7a59/2fc0b111434b579f6ffe080abd914cb921be070f20c55ed02ed7645e9a4d7a59-json.log","Name": "/ngx","RestartCount": 0,"Driver": "overlay2","Platform": "linux","MountLabel": "","ProcessLabel": "","AppArmorProfile": "","ExecIDs": null,"HostConfig": {"Binds": null,"ContainerIDFile": "","LogConfig": {"Type": "json-file","Config": {}},"NetworkMode": "default","PortBindings": {},"RestartPolicy": {"Name": "no","MaximumRetryCount": 0},"AutoRemove": false,"VolumeDriver": "","VolumesFrom": null,"CapAdd": null,"CapDrop": null,"Dns": [],"DnsOptions": [],"DnsSearch": [],"ExtraHosts": null,"GroupAdd": null,"IpcMode": "shareable","Cgroup": "","Links": null,"OomScoreAdj": 0,"PidMode": "","Privileged": false,"PublishAllPorts": false,"ReadonlyRootfs": false,"SecurityOpt": null,"UTSMode": "","UsernsMode": "","ShmSize": 67108864,"Runtime": "runc","ConsoleSize": [0,0],"Isolation": "","CpuShares": 0,"Memory": 0,"NanoCpus": 0,"CgroupParent": "","BlkioWeight": 0,"BlkioWeightDevice": [],"BlkioDeviceReadBps": null,"BlkioDeviceWriteBps": null,"BlkioDeviceReadIOps": null,"BlkioDeviceWriteIOps": null,"CpuPeriod": 0,"CpuQuota": 0,"CpuRealtimePeriod": 0,"CpuRealtimeRuntime": 0,"CpusetCpus": "","CpusetMems": "","Devices": [],"DeviceCgroupRules": null,"DiskQuota": 0,"KernelMemory": 0,"MemoryReservation": 0,"MemorySwap": 0,"MemorySwappiness": null,"OomKillDisable": false,"PidsLimit": 0,"Ulimits": null,"CpuCount": 0,"CpuPercent": 0,"IOMaximumIOps": 0,"IOMaximumBandwidth": 0,"MaskedPaths": ["/proc/acpi","/proc/kcore","/proc/keys","/proc/latency_stats","/proc/timer_list","/proc/timer_stats","/proc/sched_debug","/proc/scsi","/sys/firmware"],"ReadonlyPaths": ["/proc/asound","/proc/bus","/proc/fs","/proc/irq","/proc/sys","/proc/sysrq-trigger"]},"GraphDriver": {"Data": {"LowerDir": "/var/lib/docker/overlay2/d1b00e9ba9e8cbafe57bd530da02f7c22a5086e9e1d37ab995d697acb859c502-init/diff:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/9fbe29a9d6e34b27b9151fbb798c9f26a22bf0d2a47938759d1197da5324eb5f/diff:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/569ebba8fa873429effbfd7075a08f61f2fadcf1e09c61fb9feacf7adee21710/diff:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/cd229da595a1b8a9fdd3c40b8c7cad2f9abc0835603abfe5e5226ad4f738e0bb/diff:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/2cd347e2a7d82ceeb12f18b279dda0fa0853f13ab3149aa0787f3f7c685ba622/diff","MergedDir": "/var/lib/docker/overlay2/d1b00e9ba9e8cbafe57bd530da02f7c22a5086e9e1d37ab995d697acb859c502/merged","UpperDir": "/var/lib/docker/overlay2/d1b00e9ba9e8cbafe57bd530da02f7c22a5086e9e1d37ab995d697acb859c502/diff","WorkDir": "/var/lib/docker/overlay2/d1b00e9ba9e8cbafe57bd530da02f7c22a5086e9e1d37ab995d697acb859c502/work"},"Name": "overlay2"},"Mounts": [],"Config": {"Hostname": "2fc0b111434b","Domainname": "","User": "","AttachStdin": false,"AttachStdout": true,"AttachStderr": true,"ExposedPorts": {"80/tcp": {}},"Tty": false,"OpenStdin": false,"StdinOnce": false,"Env": ["PATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin","NGINX_VERSION=1.14.1"],"Cmd": ["nginx","-g","daemon off;"],"ArgsEscaped": true,"Image": "nginx:1.14-alpine","Volumes": null,"WorkingDir": "","Entrypoint": null,"OnBuild": null,"Labels": {"maintainer": "NGINX Docker Maintainers <docker-maint@nginx.com>"},"StopSignal": "SIGTERM"},"NetworkSettings": {"Bridge": "","SandboxID": "ac090b600a21020aa323ccd020688bb0ef7c46df744739d5345996294e663afd","HairpinMode": false,"LinkLocalIPv6Address": "","LinkLocalIPv6PrefixLen": 0,"Ports": {"80/tcp": null},"SandboxKey": "/var/run/docker/netns/ac090b600a21","SecondaryIPAddresses": null,"SecondaryIPv6Addresses": null,"EndpointID": "207649bd5ec943874679a88995a60c07d48b176704106ccd0c95bf226227332d","Gateway": "172.17.0.1","GlobalIPv6Address": "","GlobalIPv6PrefixLen": 0,"IPAddress": "172.17.0.2","IPPrefixLen": 16,"IPv6Gateway": "","MacAddress": "02:42:ac:11:00:02","Networks": {"bridge": {"IPAMConfig": null,"Links": null,"Aliases": null,"NetworkID": "6714eb554a2843bd0582a3e7d63b09b175c5351c100aab08b1a051bc8187cb5c","EndpointID": "207649bd5ec943874679a88995a60c07d48b176704106ccd0c95bf226227332d","Gateway": "172.17.0.1","IPAddress": "172.17.0.2","IPPrefixLen": 16,"IPv6Gateway": "","GlobalIPv6Address": "","GlobalIPv6PrefixLen": 0,"MacAddress": "02:42:ac:11:00:02","DriverOpts": null}}}}
]

6.本地用curl测试ngx镜像的启动状态；

[root@www ~]# curl 172.17.0.2
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>Welcome to nginx!</title>
<style>body {width: 35em;margin: 0 auto;font-family: Tahoma, Verdana, Arial, sans-serif;}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<h1>Welcome to nginx!</h1>
<p>If you see this page, the nginx web server is successfully installed and
working. Further configuration is required.</p><p>For online documentation and support please refer to
<a href="http://nginx.org/">nginx.org</a>.<br/>
Commercial support is available at
<a href="http://nginx.com/">nginx.com</a>.</p><p><em>Thank you for using nginx.</em></p>
</body>
</html>

转载于:https://blog.51cto.com/liujingyu/2316065

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