巧用PyUnit中unittest特性解决接口测试产生脏数据问题

一、背景

测试数据创建后需要对其删除，不然可能产生脏数据，对开发和测试、生产环境造成一定影响。其接口框架是基于Python，API规范基于REST。

二、产生原因

(1)改进前：清除资源的操作放在每个正向测试用例里，没有在setUp和tearDown中删除。

(2)改进后：在setUp中初始化资源id=None，每次创建资源时会生产一个资源id，然后在tearDown中，判断资源的id是否为None，if不为None，then delete 资源并将资源id重新赋值为None。这样不管有没有执行成功，最终都会在tearDown中删除被创建成功的资源，初始化工作放在setUp中。

三、代码对比

(1)改进前：清除资源的操作放在每个正向测试用例里，没有在setUp和tearDown中删除。代码如下：

def test_konwledges_check_by_list_ok(self):

"""

lc知识点API:成功创建2个知识点后，批量查询知识点详细信息\

"""

title = 'knowledges'

flag = 0

response = self.knowledge.add_knowledges(title, flag)

message = "创建知识点接口返回失败"

code = 200

data = self.rest_o.parse_response(response, code, message)

self.knowledges_id1 = data['identifier']

response = self.knowledge.add_knowledges(title, flag)

message = "创建知识点接口返回失败"

code = 200

data = self.rest_o.parse_response(response, code, message)

self.knowledges_id2 = data['identifier']

knowledge_id_str = [self.knowledges_id1, self.knowledges_id2]

response = self.knowledge.check_konwledges_details_by_list(knowledge_id_str)

#print 'response: ' + str(response)

message = "批量查询知识点详细信息接口返回失败"

code = 200

data = self.rest_o.parse_response(response, code, message)

print data

assert data[self.knowledges_id1]

assert data[self.knowledges_id2]

self.knowledge.delete_konwledges(knowledge_id1)#放在测试用例中删除

self.knowledge.delete_konwledges(knowledge_id2)#放在测试用例中删除

(2)改进后：

a.setUp和tearDown中改进：

def setUp(self):

print 'start run KnowledgeTest(知识点接口)......'

self.knowledge = Knowledge()

self.lessons = Lessons()

self.instructional = Instructional(id)

self.teaching_material = TeachingMaterial()

self.rest_o = CoRestful.Restful()

self.rand_o = CoRand()

self.knowledges_id = None

self.knowledges_id1 = None

self.knowledges_id2 = None

self.knowledge_relation_id = None

def tearDown(self):#判断资源的id是否为None，if不为None，then delete 资源并将资源id重新赋值为None，这样不管有没有执行成功，最终都会在tearDown中删除被创建成功的资源

if self.knowledge_relation_id != None:

self.knowledge.delete_relation(self.knowledge_relation_id)

if self.knowledges_id2 != None:

self.knowledge.delete_konwledges(self.knowledges_id2)

if self.knowledges_id1 != None:

self.knowledge.delete_konwledges(self.knowledges_id1)

if self.knowledges_id != None:

self.knowledge.delete_konwledges(self.knowledges_id)

print '------------------------------------------------------'

b.测试用例中将其删除代码注释

def test_konwledges_check_by_list_ok(self):

"""

lc知识点API:成功创建2个知识点后，批量查询知识点详细信息\

"""

title = 'knowledges'

flag = 0

response = self.knowledge.add_knowledges(title, flag)

message = "创建知识点接口返回失败"

code = 200

data = self.rest_o.parse_response(response, code, message)

self.knowledges_id1 = data['identifier']

response = self.knowledge.add_knowledges(title, flag)

message = "创建知识点接口返回失败"

code = 200

data = self.rest_o.parse_response(response, code, message)

self.knowledges_id2 = data['identifier']

knowledge_id_str = [self.knowledges_id1, self.knowledges_id2]

response = self.knowledge.check_konwledges_details_by_list(knowledge_id_str)

#print 'response: ' + str(response)

message = "批量查询知识点详细信息接口返回失败"

code = 200

data = self.rest_o.parse_response(response, code, message)

print data

assert data[self.knowledges_id1]

assert data[self.knowledges_id2]

#注释原在测试用例中删除的代码

#self.knowledge.delete_konwledges(knowledge_id1)

#self.knowledge.delete_konwledges(knowledge_id2)

四、总结

发现问题要多思考，并努力把其解决。

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