基于单片机的出租车计费器的设计(附实物图,原理图,程序)(任务书,开题报告,外文翻译,毕业论文13600字)

摘 要

现在各大城市自动计价器在出租车行业都已得到普及，所以计价器技术的发展已成定局，预计未来计价器市场很有前景。计价器作为出租车的一个重要组成部分，关系着出租车司机和乘客双方利益，起着重要的作用，因此，具有良好性能的计价器对广大出租车司机朋友和乘客来说是很必要的。

本设计的是一个基于单片机AT89C51的出租车自动计费系统设计,包括复位电路,时钟电路,键盘电路等。复位电路是单片机的初始化操作,除了正常的初始化外,为摆脱困境,通过复位电路可以重新开始。时钟电路采用12MHz的晶振,作为系统的时钟源,具有较高的准确性。在上电时字符型液晶1602显示最初的起步价，里程收费，等待时间收费三种收费，通过按键可以调整起步价，里程收费，等待时间收费。而出租车的运行，暂停，停止可以通过按键模拟。在液晶显示屏上可以显示运行的时间，运行时暂停的时间，从而得出总共的费用和总的路程。

研究表明该系统使用方便、快捷、安全可靠，可应用于出租车计费系统。在市场经济体制中，尤其在服务性的行业中，更省人、省钱、省心，更能提高计费计程效率，提高服务形象，带来更好的经济效益，可作为电子产品进行开发研制，具有很好的推广价值。

关键字：  AT89C51  1602液晶  出租车计价器

Abstract

Automatic taximeter has been universal among Cities for now. The taximeter technology is a foregone conclusion already. So taximeter of cars is still potential at next generation. As an important component taximeter is not only the interests of taxi drivers but also the passengers, so it has played an important role. The good performed taximeter is necessary for the public. The current taxi billing systems don’t meet the wishes of people.

The design is based on a monolithic integrated circuit AT89C51 taxi billing design, with reset circuit, clocking circuit, keyboard circuit. Reset circuit is initialized, besides the normal operation of the initial dilemma, as a foreigner, through the reset circuit can start again. 12MHz adopts the clock circuit, as a system of crystal oscillator, higher clock source.The characters in the crystal that the initial 1602, charges, fees mileage waiting time, three buttons can be adjusted by charging fees, just waiting time, mileage. Through the simulation of the taxi, buttons, stop. Suspension In the liquid crystal display can run 1602, operation time, when suspension can be obtained by the computation of the total cost.here is mainly for the core controller, AT89C51 SCM P0 mouth after 1602 LCD module, P1 mouth after the keys, through the keystroke.

The study shows that this system has the characteristics of easy to sue, fast, safe and reliable. And it can be used some social fields such as family, hospital, tea house, KTV, restaurant, etc. In the market economic system, especially in the service industry, Using it that can be more saving staffs, money as well as trouble. What more it can improves the company’s efficiency, enhances the image of services, and brings economic benefits. So it can be used as electronic product to research and development, In my opinion, it has a good value of promotion.

Keyword： AT89C51  1602 LCD  Taxi devices

目录

1 绪论    1

1.1 背景    1

1.2 国内外相关研究情况    3

1.3 本课题的研究意义    3

1.4 本课题的主要内容    4

2设计方案及要求    5

2.1出租车计价器的功能分析     5

2.2 方案选择及确定    5

3 硬件电路设计    8

3.1单片机的介绍    8

3.2 单片机最小系统电路设计    10

3.2.1 振荡电路    11

3.2.2 复位电路    11

3.3 计费模块的设计    11

3.3.1 霍尔传感器介绍    12

3.3.2里程计费系统    12

3.4 显示模块的设计    13

3.5 时钟模块的设计    15

4 软件设计    16

4.1软件总体设计     17

4.2 程序模块设计    18

4.2.1 中断子程序    19

4.2.2判键子程序    19

4.2.3 显示子程序    20

5 检测与调试    21

5.1软件调试    22

5.1.1编程工具—C语言    22

5.1.2单片机程序仿真调试    22

5.2 里程计费测试    23

5.3掉电测试    24

结论    25

致谢    26

参考文献    28

附录    29

附录A 元件件清单    30

附录B 原理图    30

附录C程序清单    31