【狂云歌之unity_vr】unity项目持续集成dailybuild以及多平台打包管理

前言

 持续集成的意义就不多说了。unity通常打包一般就直接build&run，但是在实际项目中，往往直接在服务器build包，所以命令行打包必不可少，这里一方面分享unity打包做持续集成，一方面分享使用unity管理多平台打包，例如一个vrapp需要支持gear版本，支持小米版本，支持cardboard版本等等~懂的人就知道这里具有一定的管理维护成本。

 我们做vr相关的app，需要支持gear、cardboard、小米、vivo、大朋、暴风、Idealens、pico、nibiru、酷开等一大堆平台，曾经还有lg和htcvive、oculus平台，未来还会有更多的平台，所以关于unity项目的多平台管理是很重要的，在这方面我们也在探索，积累了一点经验。这里介绍的主要是基于unity中c#写的打包和多平台管理，如果将其中一部分功能使用python和其他配置文件来实现也是可以的，只是用c#直接做会方便许多。

jenkins

https://jenkins.io/index.html

 jenkins不用多说，懂的人都了解是干什么的，来源于hudson，可以比较容易的搭起一个持续集成服务器，支持svn和git等版本管理。支持bash，所以可以用bash、python等大部分脚本来写打包脚本和前后的处理。

unity命令行打包

 unity如何进行命令行打包呢，其实unity是支持以命令行方式启动的，但是需要关闭editor支持执行命令，如下：

${unity可执行文件路径} -projectPath ${项目路径}
-executeMethod CloudBuild.PerformBuildAndroidCloudAlphaRelease
-batchmode -quit -logFile ${放log的路径}
-ForceExitEditor

 整体比较容易理解，其中CloudBuild.PerformBuildAndroidCloudAlphaRelease是一个类的静态方法，然后在这个方法中写打包相关逻辑即可。

EditorUserBuildSettings.SwitchActiveBuildTarget(BuildTarget.Android);
string[] scenes = { "Assets/Scenes/Init.unity", "Assets/Scenes/Main.unity" };
BuildPipeline.BuildPlayer(scenes, buildpath, BuildTarget.Android, BuildOptions.None);

 核心逻辑就这么多，就会开始打一个android包并且生成到buildpath下面

多平台打包管理

准备工作

 对unity插件不熟悉的可以看下 开发unity插件——一次搞定unity编辑器常用功能

 我这里准备了一个全局的配置文件，当然这个可以使用外部配置文件来管理配置，是一个道理的。这里定义了两个平台版本一个是alpha一个是beta，使用宏来区分不同平台的版本号。

using UnityEngine;
using System.Collections;public class GlobalConfig {
#if CLOUD_ALPHApublic const int ClientVersionCode = 1;public const string ClientVersion = "1.0";
#elif CLOUD_BETApublic const int ClientVersionCode = 2;public const string ClientVersion = "1.1";
#endif
}

 文件目录组织大概如下，其中CloudBuild是编辑器工具，包含菜单项和打包功能，两个平台分别依赖不同的so文件和manifest文件。

 制作了一个menu，主要包含的功能是可以在alpha和beta平台之间切换，可以打alpha平台的apk包，当然想打beta平台的包只需要简单修改。

manifest管理

 写个简单的脚本进行manifest替换就好，对于alpha平台和beta平台各有自己的manifest文件，在切换平台的时候将对应的manifest复制替换。

/// <summary>
///  使用相应的androidmanifest
/// </summary>
static void UseAndroidManifest(string filename)
{string src_filename = string.Format("AndroidManifest-{0}.xml", filename);string dst_filename = "AndroidManifest.xml";string path = Application.dataPath + "/Plugins/Android/";File.Copy(path + src_filename, path + dst_filename, true);AssetDatabase.Refresh();//因为修改了manifest文件，所以刷新unity的assets
}

依赖包管理

 为什么要做依赖包管理呢？因为在使用不同平台sdk的时候，可能会引入很多sdk，每个sdk里包含自己的so、jar、aar包等，如果什么都不管理，直接打包的话，那么这些依赖的文件都会打进所有的apk包，简单来说就会增加包的体积，更严重的情况下，这些不同平台sdk里的依赖库可能还会有冲突，如果打进同一个apk包，后果不堪设想~

 做依赖包管理主要依赖unity自己的assetimport管理如下图，那么只要在需要的时候勾选不需要的时候取消勾选就好了，我们要做的就是用代码来自动实现这个功能。

 先准备好各个平台的依赖包路径

static string[] Plugins_Alpha = new string[] {"Assets/Plugins/Android/libs/armeabi-v7a/alpha.so",
};static string[] Plugins_Beta = new string[] {"Assets/Plugins/Android/libs/armeabi-v7a/beta.so",
};

 然后在切换不同平台的时候对这些依赖包的import做处理，这块Asset属于plugin，所以使用pluginimporter来管理勾选的问题。

static void ChangePluginToAlpha()
{SetEnablePluginImport(Plugins_Alpha, true);SetEnablePluginImport(Plugins_Beta, false);
}static void ChangePluginToBeta()
{SetEnablePluginImport(Plugins_Alpha, false);SetEnablePluginImport(Plugins_Beta, true);
}static void SetEnablePluginImport(string[] plugins, bool enable = true)
{foreach(var path in plugins){PluginImporter vrlib = AssetImporter.GetAtPath(path) as PluginImporter;vrlib.SetCompatibleWithPlatform(BuildTarget.Android, enable);}
}

 非常简单一看就可以懂，然后试一下就明白了。

平台切换

 平台切换功能主要是在editor里调试各个平台功能的时候使用的菜单项，功能也很简单，就做了下面几件事情

• 切平台和宏定义

• 切playersetting参数

• 切buildscene配置

• 切manifest和依赖包

• 保存及打开对应平台的场景（如果场景不是复用的）

 代码示例如下，因为我们做vr相关的app，所以在gear平台时vrsupport为true，其他平台时为false，如果不同平台的scene不一样，那么在最后问用户是否保存当前场景，然后打开对应平台的场景。

/// <summary>
/// 切换alpha平台
/// </summary>
[UnityEditor.MenuItem("CloudBuild/SwitchToAlpha", priority = 50)]
static void SwitchToAlpha()
{PlayerSettings.SetScriptingDefineSymbolsForGroup(BuildTargetGroup.Android, DEFINES_ALPHA);PlayerSettings.SetScriptingDefineSymbolsForGroup(BuildTargetGroup.iOS, DEFINES_ALPHA);PlayerSettings.virtualRealitySupported = true;EditorBuildSettings.scenes = new EditorBuildSettingsScene[] {new EditorBuildSettingsScene("Assets/Scenes/Init.unity", true),new EditorBuildSettingsScene("Assets/Scenes/Main.unity", true)};//场景UseAndroidManifest("Alpha");ChangePluginToAlpha();EditorSceneManager.SaveCurrentModifiedScenesIfUserWantsTo();EditorSceneManager.OpenScene("Assets/Scenes/Main.unity");
}

打包

 那么最后打包脚本如下，粗看信息量可能比较大，实际只做了几件事情

• 准备好要打包的scene

• 将当前editor的状态保存一下，以便打完包恢复，这是为了开发使用方便而已，否则在开发机上打个包就发现editor的很多属性变了有时很尴尬

• 处理android的签名问题

• 打包

• 最后如果是windows，一般是开发机，直接打开build好的apk所在文件夹，方便使用

/// <summary>
/// </summary>
[UnityEditor.MenuItem("CloudBuild/CloudAlpha-Release")]
static void PerformBuildAndroidCloudAlphaRelease()
{EditorUserBuildSettings.SwitchActiveBuildTarget(BuildTarget.Android);string[] scenes = { "Assets/Scenes/Init.unity", "Assets/Scenes/Main.unity" };string path = GetBuildPathAndroid();if (scenes == null || scenes.Length == 0 || path == null){Debug.LogError("error scene is null");return;}string tempid = PlayerSettings.bundleIdentifier;string name = PlayerSettings.productName;bool virtualRealitySupported = PlayerSettings.virtualRealitySupported;PlayerSettings.virtualRealitySupported = true;PlayerSettings.bundleIdentifier = "net.itsong.vralpha";PlayerSettings.productName = PRODUCT_NAME;PlayerSettings.Android.keystoreName = "";PlayerSettings.Android.keyaliasName = "";PlayerSettings.Android.keyaliasPass = "";PlayerSettings.Android.keystorePass = "";PlayerSettings.Android.bundleVersionCode = GlobalConfig.ClientVersionCode;PlayerSettings.bundleVersion = GlobalConfig.ClientVersion;string defines = PlayerSettings.GetScriptingDefineSymbolsForGroup(BuildTargetGroup.Android);UseAndroidManifest("Alpha");ChangePluginToAlpha();PlayerSettings.SetScriptingDefineSymbolsForGroup(BuildTargetGroup.Android, DEFINES_ALPHA + DEFINES_RELEASE);string buildpath = path + string.Format("cloudvr_alpha_release_{0}.apk", DateTime.Now.ToString("MMddHHmm", DateTimeFormatInfo.InvariantInfo));BuildPipeline.BuildPlayer(scenes, buildpath, BuildTarget.Android, BuildOptions.None);PlayerSettings.virtualRealitySupported = virtualRealitySupported;PlayerSettings.SetScriptingDefineSymbolsForGroup(BuildTargetGroup.Android, defines);PlayerSettings.bundleIdentifier = tempid;PlayerSettings.productName = name;PlayerSettings.Android.keystoreName = "";PlayerSettings.Android.keyaliasName = "";PlayerSettings.Android.keyaliasPass = "";PlayerSettings.Android.keystorePass = "";string dir = path.Replace('/', '\\');
#if UNITY_EDITOR_WINSystem.Diagnostics.Process.Start("explorer.exe", "\"" + dir + "\"");
#endif
}

 完整的CloudBuild文件如下：

using UnityEngine;
using UnityEditor;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.IO;
using System;
using System.Globalization;
using UnityEditor.SceneManagement;
/// <summary>
/// </summary>
partial class CloudBuild
{const string PRODUCT_NAME = "狂云歌VR";const string DEFINES_ALPHA  = "CROSS_PLATFORM_INPUT;MOBILE_INPUT;CLOUD_ALPHA;";const string DEFINES_BETA = "CROSS_PLATFORM_INPUT;MOBILE_INPUT;CLOUD_BETA;";const string DEFINES_RELEASE = "CLOUD_RELEASE";static string[] Plugins_Alpha = new string[] {"Assets/Plugins/Android/libs/armeabi-v7a/alpha.so",};static string[] Plugins_Beta = new string[] {"Assets/Plugins/Android/libs/armeabi-v7a/beta.so",};// Build the Android APK and place into main project folderstatic string GetBuildPathAndroid(){string dirPath = Application.dataPath + "/../build/android/";if (!System.IO.Directory.Exists(dirPath)){System.IO.Directory.CreateDirectory(dirPath);}return dirPath;}/// <summary>/// </summary>[UnityEditor.MenuItem("CloudBuild/CloudAlpha-Release")]static void PerformBuildAndroidCloudAlphaRelease(){EditorUserBuildSettings.SwitchActiveBuildTarget(BuildTarget.Android);string[] scenes = { "Assets/Scenes/Init.unity", "Assets/Scenes/Main.unity" };string path = GetBuildPathAndroid();if (scenes == null || scenes.Length == 0 || path == null){Debug.LogError("error scene is null");return;}string tempid = PlayerSettings.bundleIdentifier;string name = PlayerSettings.productName;bool virtualRealitySupported = PlayerSettings.virtualRealitySupported;PlayerSettings.virtualRealitySupported = true;PlayerSettings.bundleIdentifier = "net.itsong.vralpha";PlayerSettings.productName = PRODUCT_NAME;PlayerSettings.Android.keystoreName = "";PlayerSettings.Android.keyaliasName = "";PlayerSettings.Android.keyaliasPass = "";PlayerSettings.Android.keystorePass = "";PlayerSettings.Android.bundleVersionCode = GlobalConfig.ClientVersionCode;PlayerSettings.bundleVersion = GlobalConfig.ClientVersion;string defines = PlayerSettings.GetScriptingDefineSymbolsForGroup(BuildTargetGroup.Android);UseAndroidManifest("Alpha");ChangePluginToAlpha();PlayerSettings.SetScriptingDefineSymbolsForGroup(BuildTargetGroup.Android, DEFINES_ALPHA + DEFINES_RELEASE);string buildpath = path + string.Format("cloudvr_alpha_release_{0}.apk", DateTime.Now.ToString("MMddHHmm", DateTimeFormatInfo.InvariantInfo));BuildPipeline.BuildPlayer(scenes, buildpath, BuildTarget.Android, BuildOptions.None);PlayerSettings.virtualRealitySupported = virtualRealitySupported;PlayerSettings.SetScriptingDefineSymbolsForGroup(BuildTargetGroup.Android, defines);PlayerSettings.bundleIdentifier = tempid;PlayerSettings.productName = name;PlayerSettings.Android.keystoreName = "";PlayerSettings.Android.keyaliasName = "";PlayerSettings.Android.keyaliasPass = "";PlayerSettings.Android.keystorePass = "";string dir = path.Replace('/', '\\');
#if UNITY_EDITOR_WINSystem.Diagnostics.Process.Start("explorer.exe", "\"" + dir + "\"");
#endif}/// <summary>/// 切换alpha平台/// </summary>[UnityEditor.MenuItem("CloudBuild/SwitchToAlpha", priority = 50)]static void SwitchToAlpha(){PlayerSettings.SetScriptingDefineSymbolsForGroup(BuildTargetGroup.Android, DEFINES_ALPHA);PlayerSettings.SetScriptingDefineSymbolsForGroup(BuildTargetGroup.iOS, DEFINES_ALPHA);PlayerSettings.virtualRealitySupported = true;EditorBuildSettings.scenes = new EditorBuildSettingsScene[] {new EditorBuildSettingsScene("Assets/Scenes/Init.unity", true),new EditorBuildSettingsScene("Assets/Scenes/Main.unity", true)};//场景UseAndroidManifest("Alpha");ChangePluginToAlpha();EditorSceneManager.SaveCurrentModifiedScenesIfUserWantsTo();EditorSceneManager.OpenScene("Assets/Scenes/Main.unity");}/// <summary>/// 切换beta平台/// </summary>[UnityEditor.MenuItem("CloudBuild/SwitchToBeta", priority = 50)]static void SwitchToBeta(){PlayerSettings.SetScriptingDefineSymbolsForGroup(BuildTargetGroup.Android, DEFINES_BETA);PlayerSettings.SetScriptingDefineSymbolsForGroup(BuildTargetGroup.iOS, DEFINES_BETA);PlayerSettings.virtualRealitySupported = true;EditorBuildSettings.scenes = new EditorBuildSettingsScene[] {new EditorBuildSettingsScene("Assets/Scenes/Init.unity", true),new EditorBuildSettingsScene("Assets/Scenes/Main.unity", true)};//场景UseAndroidManifest("Beta");ChangePluginToBeta();EditorSceneManager.SaveCurrentModifiedScenesIfUserWantsTo();EditorSceneManager.OpenScene("Assets/Scenes/Main.unity");}/// <summary>///  使用相应的androidmanifest/// </summary>static void UseAndroidManifest(string filename){string src_filename = string.Format("AndroidManifest-{0}.xml", filename);string dst_filename = "AndroidManifest.xml";string path = Application.dataPath + "/Plugins/Android/";File.Copy(path + src_filename, path + dst_filename, true);PlayerSettings.Android.bundleVersionCode = GlobalConfig.ClientVersionCode;PlayerSettings.bundleVersion = GlobalConfig.ClientVersion;AssetDatabase.Refresh();}static void ChangePluginToAlpha(){SetEnablePluginImport(Plugins_Alpha, true);SetEnablePluginImport(Plugins_Beta, false);}static void ChangePluginToBeta(){SetEnablePluginImport(Plugins_Alpha, false);SetEnablePluginImport(Plugins_Beta, true);}static void SetEnablePluginImport(string[] plugins, bool enable = true){foreach(var path in plugins){PluginImporter vrlib = AssetImporter.GetAtPath(path) as PluginImporter;vrlib.SetCompatibleWithPlatform(BuildTarget.Android, enable);}}
}

后续

 这里没写build ios ipa包的过程，ios的build过程会稍微长一些，要先build好xcode project然后再通过xcode的命令行去打包，所以前半部分与android是可以复用的，只要稍加修改就可以支持ios的build。另外我们现在做vr相关的app，大部分都是android版本，所以apk的管理比较实用。

VR开发或者unity相关交流可以邮件madcloudsong@qq .com
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http://blog.csdn.net/madcloud...