初始化数据库

切换用户

[root@localhost build_dir]#su -postgres

初始化数据库

[postgres@localhost~]$ initdb -D $PGDATA -U postgres --locale=en_US.UTF8 -E UTF8

修改监听地址 将listen_addresses的值设置成*，使其监听整个网络，端口号默认是5432，也可以自己设置。

[postgres@localhost~]$ vim /mnt/db1/pgdata/pgsql/postgresql.conf

修改内容:

listen_addresses= '*'unix_socket_directories= '.'port= 8432修改客户端认证方式

[postgres@localhost~]$ vim /mnt/db1/pgdata/pgsql/pg_hba.conf

添加内容：

host all all0.0.0.0/0md5 # 其他用户登陆

设置防火墙规则

#切换回root用户

[postgres@localhost~]$ exit

[root@localhost build_dir]# firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=8432/tcp --permanent

[root@localhost build_dir]# firewall-cmd --reload

启动数据库

[root@localhost build_dir]#su -postgres

启动

[postgres@localhost~]$ pg_ctl -D /mnt/db1/pgdata/pgsql -l /mnt/db1/archivelog/pgsql.log start

停止

[root@localhost postgres]# pg_ctl-D /mnt/db1/pgdata/pgsql/ -s -m fast stop

连接测试

[postgres@localhost~]$ psql

查询所有用户

postgres=# select *from pg_user;

postgres=# select *from pg_roles;

查询权限

postgres=# select * from information_schema.table_privileges where grantee='cc';

查看有哪些数据库

postgres=# \l

相当与mysql的show databases;

postgres=# selectdatname from pg_database;

相当于mysql的show tables, public 是默认的schema的名字

postgres=# SELECT table_name FROM information_schema.tables WHERE table_schema = 'public';

相当与mysql的describe table_name,'table_name'是要查询的表的名字

postgres=# SELECT column_name FROM information_schema.columns WHERE table_name ='table_name';

退出

postgres=# \q

psql 是 PostgreSQL 的客户端程序，要连接 PostgreSQL 数据库，我们需要指定以下内容：-d or --dbname 数据库名-h or --host 主机名-p or --port 端口号，默认5432 端口-U or --username 用户名

[postgres@localhost~]$ psql -h localhost -p 8432 -U postgres

设置postgres用户密码

[postgres@localhost~]$ psql

postgres=# ALTER USER postgres WITH encrypted PASSWORD 'new password';

postgres=# \q

[postgres@localhost~]$ psql -h localhost -p 8432 -U postgres

设置开机自启动

设置启动配置

vim/usr/lib/systemd/system/postgresql-11.service

添加内容：

[Unit]

Description=PostgreSQL 11database server

Documentation=https://www.postgresql.org/docs/11/static/

After=syslog.target

After=network.target

[Service]

Type=notify

User=postgres

Group=postgres

# Location of database directory

Environment=PGDATA=/mnt/db1/pgdata/pgsql/# Where to send early-startup messages from the server (before the logging

# options of postgresql.conf take effect)

# This is normally controlled by the global default set by systemd

# StandardOutput=syslog

# Disable OOMkillon the postmaster

OOMScoreAdjust=-1000Environment=PG_OOM_ADJUST_FILE=/proc/self/oom_score_adj

Environment=PG_OOM_ADJUST_VALUE=0# ExecStartPre=/usr/pgsql-11/bin/postgresql-11-check-db-dir${PGDATA}

ExecStart=/usr/local/pgsql/bin/postmaster -D ${PGDATA}

ExecReload=/bin/kill -HUP $MAINPID

# ExecStart=/usr/local/pgsql9.4/bin/pg_ctl start -D ${PGDATA} -s -o "-p ${PGPORT}" -w -t 300# ExecStop=/usr/local/pgsql9.4/bin/pg_ctl stop -D ${PGDATA} -s -m fast

# ExecReload=/usr/local/pgsql9.4/bin/pg_ctl reload -D ${PGDATA} -s

KillMode=mixed

KillSignal=SIGINT

# Do not set any timeout value, so that systemd will notkillpostmaster

# during crash recovery.

TimeoutSec=0[Install]

WantedBy=multi-user.target

添加可执行权限

[root@localhost postgres]#chmod 754 /usr/lib/systemd/system/postgresql-11.service

设置开机自启动

自动启动

[root@localhost postgres]# systemctl enable postgresql-11.service

启动

[root@localhost postgres]# systemctl start postgresql-11.service

停止某服务

[root@localhost postgres]# systemctl stop postgresql-11.service

不自动启动

[root@localhost postgres]# systemctl disable postgresql-11.service

检查服务状态(服务详细信息)

systemctl status postgresql-11.service

检查服务状态(仅显示是否Active)

systemctl is-active postgresql-11.service

显示所有已启动的服务

systemctl list-units --type=service