我已经在这里发布了相当数量的代码，它在这篇文章的底部。这段代码打开了一个tkinter图形用户界面，其中包含各种按钮和字段等。它还使用matplotlib在最底部显示一个图形。我知道这不是最好的图书馆使用，但我不知道其他人如何与tkinter工作。所以我最好暂时坚持使用matplotlib。

对于图表，我希望每个数据点都是从[x，y]坐标到[x，0]的垂直线。很明显的答案是使用条形图，条形图的宽度为1，我试过了，但是绘制速度比散点图慢得多。

我一直想弄清楚的是，是否可以使用这里使用的散点图方法，垂直线绘制为y=0。这可能吗？

或者我应该放弃使用matplotlib和pandas或PyQtGraph的尝试。如果是这样的话，有没有教程来说明这是如何做到的？我试过找一些，但没有运气。

任何帮助都将不胜感激。我正在使用python 3.3的pyzo包。

import numpy

from decimal import *

import tkinter as tk

import numpy as np

from tkinter import *

from matplotlib.backends.backend_tkagg import FigureCanvasTkAgg

from matplotlib.figure import Figure

from tkinter import ttk

import tkinter.scrolledtext as tkst

import spectrum_plot_2 as specplot

import sequencer as seq

class Plot:

def __init__(self, master, data):

self.x = np.array(data.spectrum[0])

self.y = np.array(data.spectrum[1])

# Create a container

self.frame = tk.Frame(master)

self.fig = Figure()

self.ax = self.fig.add_subplot(111)

self.line = self.ax.plot(self.x, self.y, '|')

self.canvas = FigureCanvasTkAgg(self.fig,master=master)

# self.canvas.show()

self.canvas.get_tk_widget().pack(side='top', fill='both', expand=1)

self.frame.pack()

def update(self, data):

"""Updates the plot with new data"""

self.x = np.array(data.spectrum[0])

self.y = np.array(data.spectrum[1])

self.line[0].set_xdata(self.x)

self.line[0].set_ydata(self.y)

self.canvas.show()

self.frame.pack()

class Spectrum:

"""(Spectrum, String, Decimal, int) -> None

Import a spectrum from a text file

"""

def __init__(self, file, precision = 4, charge_state = None, sensetivity = 50, name='Unknown'):

self.precision = precision

self.name = name

self.file = file

self.charge_state = charge_state

self.spectrum = self.load_spec(file, precision)

def load_spec(self, file, precision):

"""(Spectrum, String) -> list

manipulate spectrum file and return a list of lists:

list[0] = [mz]

list[1] = [intensity]

"""

raw_spectrum = numpy.loadtxt(file)

# assign the spectrum to a dictionary

intensity = ['%.0f' % elem for elem in raw_spectrum[:,1]]

mz = ['%.4f' % elem for elem in raw_spectrum[:,0]]

spectrum = [mz, intensity]

for i in spectrum:

for j, elem in enumerate(i):

i[j] = round(Decimal(elem), precision)

j = 0

return [mz, intensity]

class View(ttk.Frame):

"""Main GUI class"""

def __init__(self, master = None):

self.WIDTH = 450

self.HEIGHT = 500

self.spectrum = seq.Spectrum(r'C:\MyPyProgs\Sequencer\data\s1c4b1.txt')

self.spectra = {}

self.spectra_names = []

self.filenames = []

###############################

### User editable variables ###

self.precision = IntVar(value=4, name='precision')

self.sensitivity = IntVar(value = 50, name='sensitivity')

### User editable variables ###

###############################

# Set up the main window

ttk.Frame.__init__(self, master, borderwidth=5, width=self.WIDTH, height=self.WIDTH)

self.master.resizable(FALSE, FALSE)

self.grid(column=0, row=0, sticky=(N, S, E, W))

self.columnconfigure(0, weight=1)

# Create the upper control frame

self.control_frame = ttk.Frame(self, width=self.WIDTH // 2, height=300, relief='sunken')

self.control_label = ttk.Label(self.control_frame, text="Controls", font='arial', justify='center')

# Precision controls definitions

self.precision_label = ttk.Label(self.control_frame, text="Precision: ")

self.precision_entry = ttk.Entry(self.control_frame, textvariable=self.precision)

self.precision_help_button = ttk.Button(self.control_frame, text="Help")

# Sensitivity controls definitions

self.sensitivity_label = ttk.Label(self.control_frame, text="Sensitivity")

self.sensitivity_entry = ttk.Entry(self.control_frame, textvariable=self.sensitivity)

self.sensitivity_reload = ttk.Button(self.control_frame, text="Reload")

self.sensitivity_help_button = ttk.Button(self.control_frame, text="Help")

self.analyse_known_button = ttk.Button(self.control_frame, text="Analyse From Known")

self.control_frame.grid(row=0, column=1, sticky=(N, E, S))

self.control_label.grid(column=0, row=0, columnspan=4, sticky=(N), pady=5, padx=self.WIDTH // 5)

### Grid layouts ###

# Precision controls grid

self.precision_label.grid(column=0, row=1, padx=2)

self.precision_entry.grid(column=1, row=1, padx=2)

self.precision_help_button.grid(column=3, row=1, padx=2)

# Sensitivity controls grid

self.sensitivity_label.grid(column=0, row=2, padx=2)

self.sensitivity_entry.grid(column=1, row=2, padx=2)

self.sensitivity_reload.grid(column=2, row=2, padx=2)

self.sensitivity_help_button.grid(column=3, row=2, padx=2)

self.analyse_known_button.grid(column=1, row=3, columnspan=2)

### Output frame using ScrolledText ###

self.output_frame = ttk.Frame(self, relief='sunken')

self.output_frame.grid(row=0, column=0)

self.output = tkst.ScrolledText(self.output_frame, width=45, height=20, wrap=WORD)

self.output.grid(row=0, column=0, sticky=(N, S, E, W))

self.output.see(END)

self.output.insert(END, "Welcome, before you start make sure that the backbone and sugar structures are correct. To analyse your spectra follow the steps below: \n 1. Type the known sequence into the text box from 5' to 3' and click assign. \n 2. Load your spectra in order of charge, File -> Open Spectra... . \n 3. Finally click the Analyse From Known button. \n")

self.output['state']='disabled'

### Creates a sunken frame to get the sequence and choose loaded spectra ###

self.input_frame = ttk.Frame(self, relief='sunken', borderwidth=5, width=self.winfo_width())

self.input_frame.grid(row=1, column=0, columnspan=2, sticky=(E, W))

self.spec_label = ttk.Label(self.input_frame, text="Spectrum:")

self.selected_spec = StringVar()

self.spec_select = ttk.Combobox(self.input_frame, values=self.spectra_names)

self.spec_label.grid(row=0, column=6, padx=10)

self.spec_select.grid(row=0, column=7)

seq_entry_label = ttk.Label(self.input_frame, text="Sequence: ")

label_5p = ttk.Label(self.input_frame, text="5'-")

self.sequence_entry = ttk.Entry(self.input_frame, width=40)

label_3p = ttk.Label(self.input_frame, text="-3'")

assign_seq = ttk.Button(self.input_frame, text="Calculate", command=lambda : self.assign(self.sequence_entry))

seq_entry_label.grid(row=0, column=0)

label_5p.grid(row=0, column=1)

self.sequence_entry.grid(row=0, column=2)

label_3p.grid(row=0, column=3)

assign_seq.grid(row=0, column=4)

### Creates a sunken frame to plot the current spectrum ###

self.spec_frame = ttk.Frame(self, relief='sunken', borderwidth=1, width=self.winfo_width(), height=250)

self.spec_frame.grid(row=2, column=0, columnspan=2, sticky=(S, E, W))

self.plot = specplot.Plot(self.spec_frame, self.spectrum)

precision = 4

charge = -1

file = r'C:\MyPyProgs\sequencer\data\s1c4b1.txt'

spectrum = Spectrum(file, precision, charge)

if __name__ == "__main__":

root = Tk()

root.title("Sequencer_help")

view = View(root)

root.mainloop()

print("End")