Android 指纹验证

本篇记录一下在Android上做指纹校验的过程。在某些敏感场景，可以通过指纹验证操作者是否是设备主人。

本篇使用的androidx 下的Biometric来实现的，FingerprintManagerCompat已经被官方标记过时，就不过多描述了。

加入依赖

implementation 'androidx.biometric:biometric:1.1.0'

检查是否支持指纹验证

检查设备硬件是否支持或者是否设置了指纹（至少一个或更多）

BiometricManager.BIOMETRIC_SUCCESS == BiometricManager.from(context).canAuthenticate(BiometricManager.Authenticators.BIOMETRIC_WEAK)

进行验证

核心类BiometricPrompt，通过authenticate方法启动验证。

创建一个BiometricPrompt

 mBiometricPrompt = BiometricPrompt(`activity or fragment`, `BiometricPrompt.AuthenticationCallback`)

进行验证

mBiometricPrompt?.authenticate(`BiometricPrompt.PromptInfo`)

上面伪代码中BiometricPrompt的第一个参数，为Activity或Fragment，第二个参数为识别验证的回调，代码如下：

/*** A collection of methods that may be invoked by {@link BiometricPrompt} during authentication.*/
public abstract static class AuthenticationCallback {/*** Called when an unrecoverable error has been encountered and authentication has stopped.** <p>After this method is called, no further events will be sent for the current* authentication session.** @param errorCode An integer ID associated with the error.* @param errString A human-readable string that describes the error.*/public void onAuthenticationError(@AuthenticationError int errorCode, @NonNull CharSequence errString) {}/*** Called when a biometric (e.g. fingerprint, face, etc.) is recognized, indicating that the* user has successfully authenticated.** <p>After this method is called, no further events will be sent for the current* authentication session.** @param result An object containing authentication-related data.*/public void onAuthenticationSucceeded(@NonNull AuthenticationResult result) {}/*** Called when a biometric (e.g. fingerprint, face, etc.) is presented but not recognized as* belonging to the user.*/public void onAuthenticationFailed() {}
}

onAuthenticationError：指纹识别异常回调，包含几个常用错误码，详见：
onAuthenticationSucceeded：指纹识别通过回调
onAuthenticationFailed：指纹识别不通过回调

onAuthenticationError 错误码

/*** An error code that may be returned during authentication.*/
@IntDef({ERROR_HW_UNAVAILABLE,ERROR_UNABLE_TO_PROCESS,ERROR_TIMEOUT,ERROR_NO_SPACE,ERROR_CANCELED,ERROR_LOCKOUT,ERROR_VENDOR,ERROR_LOCKOUT_PERMANENT,ERROR_USER_CANCELED,ERROR_NO_BIOMETRICS,ERROR_HW_NOT_PRESENT,ERROR_NEGATIVE_BUTTON,ERROR_NO_DEVICE_CREDENTIAL
})
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.SOURCE)
@interface AuthenticationError {}

上面伪代码中authenticate方法的参数，为设置验证指纹弹窗的基础参数，代码大概长这样：

val promptInfo: BiometricPrompt.PromptInfo = BiometricPrompt.PromptInfo.Builder().setTitle("这里设置Title").setSubtitle("这里设置Subtitle").setDescription("这里设置Description")// .setDeviceCredentialAllowed(false).setNegativeButtonText("这里设置关闭按钮文案")// .setAllowedAuthenticators().setConfirmationRequired(true).build()

流程很简单，下面提供一个工具类，可以直接拿去用：

BiometricUtils.kt

package com.kongqw.fingerprintdemoimport android.content.Context
import androidx.biometric.BiometricManager
import androidx.biometric.BiometricPrompt
import androidx.fragment.app.Fragment
import androidx.fragment.app.FragmentActivityclass BiometricUtils {private val mBuilder: BiometricPrompt.PromptInfo.Builder = BiometricPrompt.PromptInfo.Builder()private var mBiometricPrompt: BiometricPrompt? = nullprivate var mAuthenticationErrorListener: IAuthenticationErrorListener? = nullprivate var mAuthenticationSucceededListener: IAuthenticationSucceededListener? = nullprivate var mAuthenticationFailedListener: IAuthenticationFailedListener? = null/*** 是否支持指纹识别*/fun isSupportBiometric(context: Context): Boolean {return try {BiometricManager.BIOMETRIC_SUCCESS == BiometricManager.from(context).canAuthenticate(BiometricManager.Authenticators.BIOMETRIC_WEAK)} catch (e: Exception) {e.printStackTrace()false}}fun setTitle(title: String): BiometricUtils {mBuilder.setTitle(title)return this}fun setSubtitle(subtitle: String): BiometricUtils {mBuilder.setSubtitle(subtitle)return this}fun setDescription(description: String): BiometricUtils {mBuilder.setDescription(description)return this}fun setNegativeButtonText(negativeButtonText: String): BiometricUtils {mBuilder.setNegativeButtonText(negativeButtonText)return this}fun setAuthenticationErrorListener(listener: IAuthenticationErrorListener): BiometricUtils {mAuthenticationErrorListener = listenerreturn this}fun setAuthenticationSucceededListener(listener: IAuthenticationSucceededListener): BiometricUtils {mAuthenticationSucceededListener = listenerreturn this}fun setAuthenticationFailedListener(listener: IAuthenticationFailedListener): BiometricUtils {mAuthenticationFailedListener = listenerreturn this}fun authenticate(fragmentActivity: FragmentActivity, succeededListener: IAuthenticationSucceededListener? = null, errorListener: IAuthenticationErrorListener? = null) {succeededListener?.apply { mAuthenticationSucceededListener = succeededListener }errorListener?.apply { mAuthenticationErrorListener = errorListener }mBiometricPrompt = BiometricPrompt(fragmentActivity, /*{ command -> command?.run() },*/ FingerCallBack())mBiometricPrompt?.authenticate(mBuilder.build())}fun authenticate(fragment: Fragment, succeededListener: IAuthenticationSucceededListener? = null, errorListener: IAuthenticationErrorListener? = null) {succeededListener?.apply { mAuthenticationSucceededListener = succeededListener }errorListener?.apply { mAuthenticationErrorListener = errorListener }mBiometricPrompt = BiometricPrompt(fragment, /*{ command -> command?.run() },*/ FingerCallBack())mBiometricPrompt?.authenticate(mBuilder.build())}inner class FingerCallBack : BiometricPrompt.AuthenticationCallback() {override fun onAuthenticationError(errorCode: Int, errString: CharSequence) {super.onAuthenticationError(errorCode, errString)mAuthenticationErrorListener?.onAuthenticationError(errorCode, errString)}override fun onAuthenticationSucceeded(result: BiometricPrompt.AuthenticationResult) {super.onAuthenticationSucceeded(result)mBiometricPrompt?.cancelAuthentication()mAuthenticationSucceededListener?.onAuthenticationSucceeded(result)}override fun onAuthenticationFailed() {super.onAuthenticationFailed()mAuthenticationFailedListener?.onAuthenticationFailed()}}interface IAuthenticationErrorListener {fun onAuthenticationError(errorCode: Int, errString: CharSequence)}interface IAuthenticationSucceededListener {fun onAuthenticationSucceeded(result: BiometricPrompt.AuthenticationResult)}interface IAuthenticationFailedListener {fun onAuthenticationFailed()}
}

使用

初始化

private val mBiometricUtils = BiometricUtils()

检查是否支持指纹验证

val isSupportBiometric = mBiometricUtils.isSupportBiometric(applicationContext)

开始验证

mBiometricUtils.setTitle("指纹验证").setSubtitle("需要身份验证").setDescription("Description").setNegativeButtonText("关闭吧").setAuthenticationSucceededListener(object : BiometricUtils.IAuthenticationSucceededListener {override fun onAuthenticationSucceeded(result: BiometricPrompt.AuthenticationResult) {Toast.makeText(applicationContext, "指纹通过", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show()}}).setAuthenticationFailedListener(object : BiometricUtils.IAuthenticationFailedListener {override fun onAuthenticationFailed() {Toast.makeText(applicationContext, "指纹不通过", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show()}}).setAuthenticationErrorListener(object : BiometricUtils.IAuthenticationErrorListener {override fun onAuthenticationError(errorCode: Int, errString: CharSequence) {// when(errorCode){//     BiometricPrompt.ERROR_HW_UNAVAILABLE -> ""//     BiometricPrompt.ERROR_UNABLE_TO_PROCESS -> ""//     BiometricPrompt.ERROR_TIMEOUT -> ""//     BiometricPrompt.ERROR_NO_SPACE -> ""//     BiometricPrompt.ERROR_CANCELED -> ""//     BiometricPrompt.ERROR_LOCKOUT -> ""//     BiometricPrompt.ERROR_VENDOR -> ""//     BiometricPrompt.ERROR_LOCKOUT_PERMANENT -> ""//     BiometricPrompt.ERROR_USER_CANCELED -> ""//     BiometricPrompt.ERROR_NO_BIOMETRICS -> "未注册任何指纹"//     BiometricPrompt.ERROR_HW_NOT_PRESENT -> ""//     BiometricPrompt.ERROR_NEGATIVE_BUTTON -> ""//     BiometricPrompt.ERROR_NO_DEVICE_CREDENTIAL -> ""// }Toast.makeText(applicationContext, "onAuthenticationError($errorCode, $errString)", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show()}})mBiometricUtils.authenticate(this)

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Android 指纹验证

Android 指纹验证

加入依赖

检查是否支持指纹验证

进行验证

onAuthenticationError 错误码

BiometricUtils.kt

使用

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