1 #include <set>
 2 #include <map>
 3 #include <queue>
 4 #include <stack>
 5 #include <cmath>
 6 #include <bitset>
 7 #include <cstdio>
 8 #include <string>
 9 #include <vector>
10 #include <cstdlib>
11 #include <cstring>
12 #include <iostream>
13 #include <algorithm>
14 using namespace std;
15
16 typedef long long ll;
17 typedef pair<ll, ll> pll;
18 typedef pair<ll, int> pli;
19 typedef pair<int, ll> pil;;
20 typedef pair<int, int> pii;
21 typedef unsigned long long ull;
22
23 #define lson i<<1
24 #define rson i<<1|1
25 #define bug printf("*********\n");
26 #define FIN freopen("D://code//in.txt", "r", stdin);
27 #define debug(x) cout<<"["<<x<<"]" <<endl;
28 #define IO ios::sync_with_stdio(false),cin.tie(0);
29
30 const double eps = 1e-8;
31 const int mod = 10007;
32 const int maxn = 1e6 + 7;
33 const double pi = acos(-1);
34 const int inf = 0x3f3f3f3f;
35 const ll INF = 0x3f3f3f3f3f3f3f;
36
37 typedef struct stu {
38     double x,y;
39 } point;
40
41 double Distance(point a,point b) {
42     return sqrt((a.x-b.x)*(a.x-b.x)+(a.y-b.y)*(a.y-b.y));
43 }
44
45 double Inter(point a,double R,point b,double r) { //变化的周长
46     double dis=Distance(a,b);
47     double angle1=acos((R*R+dis*dis-r*r)/(2.0*R*dis));
48     double angle2=acos((r*r+dis*dis-R*R)/(2.0*r*dis));
49     double s=r*angle2*2-R*angle1*2;
50     return s;
51 }
52
53 int t, m, R;
54 double x, y, r, ans;
55 stu o, p;
56
57 int main() {
58     //FIN;
59     scanf("%d", &t);
60     while(t--) {
61         scanf("%d%d", &m, &R);
62         ans = 2 * pi * R;
63         o.x = 0, o.y = 0;
64         for(int i = 1; i <= m; i++) {
65             scanf("%lf%lf%lf", &x, &y, &r);
66             p.x = x, p.y = y;
67             double d = Distance(o, p);
68             if(d - R - r >= eps) continue; //外离
69             if(fabs(R - r) - d > eps) continue; //内离
70             if(R == r + d) { //内切
71                 ans += 2 * pi * r;
72             } else { //相交
73                 ans += Inter(o, R, p, r);
74             }
75         }
76         printf("%.12f\n", ans);
77     }
78     return 0;
79 }