android mock测试资源,Android测试基础整理篇
Android test framework
转载请注明来自:http://blog.csdn.net/liaoqianchuan00/article/details/23032357
1. 基本
1. 常用Assertions
l assertEquals
l assertFalse?
l assertNotNull
l assertNotSame
l assertNull
l assertSame
l assertTrue
l fail
2. 自定义输出语句
public void testMax() {
final int a = 1;
final int b = 2;
final int expected = b;
final int actual = Math.max(a, b);
assertEquals("Expection " + expected + " but was " + actual, expected, actual);
}
3. 控件Assertions
l assertBaselineAligned: Asserts that two views arealigned on their baseline, that is their baselines are on the same y location.
l assertBottomAligned: Asserts that two views arebottom aligned, that is their bottom edges are on the same y location.
l assertGroupContains: Asserts that the specifiedgroup contains a specific child once and only once.
l assertGroupIntegrity: Asserts the specified group'sintegrity. The children count should be >= 0 and each child should benon-null.
l assertGroupNotContains: Asserts that the specifiedgroup does not contain a specific child.
l assertHasScreenCoordinates: Asserts that a view hasa particular x and y position on the visible screen.
l assertHorizontalCenterAligned: Asserts that the testview is horizontally center aligned with respect to the reference view.
l assertLeftAligned: Asserts that two views are leftaligned, that is their left edges are on the same x location. An optionalmargin can also be provided.
l assertOffScreenAbove: Asserts that the specifiedview is above the visible screen.
l assertOffScreenBelow: Asserts that the specifiedview is below the visible screen.
l assertOnScreen: Asserts that a view is on thescreen.
l assertRightAligned: Asserts that two views areright-aligned, that is their right edges are on the same x location. Anoptional margin can also be specified.
l assertTopAligned: Asserts that two views aretop-aligned, that is their top edges are on the same y location. An optionalmargin can also be specified.
l assertVerticalCenterAligned: Asserts that the testview is vertically center aligned with respect to the reference view.
4. TouchUtils
l Clicking on a View and releasing it
l Tapping on a View, that is touching it and quicklyreleasing
l Long clicking on a View
l Dragging the screen
public void testListScrolling() {
mListView.scrollTo(0, 0);
TouchUtils.dragQuarterScreenUp(this, mActivity);
TouchUtils.dragQuarterScreenUp(this, mActivity);
TouchUtils.dragQuarterScreenUp(this, mActivity);
TouchUtils.dragQuarterScreenUp(this, mActivity);
TouchUtils.tapView(this, mListView);
final int expectedItemPosition = 6;
final int actualItemPosition =
mListView.getFirstVisiblePosition();
assertEquals("Wrong position",
expectedItemPosition, actualItemPosition);
final String expected = "Anguilla";
final String actual = mListView.getAdapter().
getItem(expectedItemPosition).toString();
assertEquals("Wrong content", actual, expected);
}
5. Mock对象
l MockApplication: A mock implementation of the Application class. All methods arenon-functional and throw UnsupportedOperationException.
l MockContentProvider: A mock implementation of ContentProvider. All methods arenon-functional and throw UnsupportedOperationException.
l MockContentResolver: A mock implementation of the ContentResolver class that isolatesthe test code from the real content system. All methods are non-functional andthrow UnsupportedOperationException.
l MockContext: A mock Context class. This can be used to inject otherdependencies. All methods are non-functional and throwUnsupportedOperationException.
l MockCursor: A mock Cursor class that isolates the test code from real Cursorimplementation. All methods are non-functional and throwUnsupportedOperationException.
l MockDialogInterface: A mock implementation of DialogInterface class. All methods arenon-functional and throw UnsupportedOperationException.
l MockPackageManager: A mock implementation of PackageManager class. All methods arenon-functional and throw UnsupportedOperationException.
l MockResources: A mock Resources class. All methods are non-functional and throw UnsupportedOperationException.
2. 框架结构
1 AndroidTestCase
当你需要用到Activity Context的时候就使用这个类,比如Resources,database,file system,你可以是用mContext来是用context。你可以用ontext.startActivity()来启动多个Activity。
有很多个testcase继承自这个类:
l ApplicationTestCase
l ProviderTestCase2
l ServiceTestCase
2 Instrumentation
这个是用来监视Activity和Application的,你可以用它来控制Activity的生命周期和用户交互事件。
l 我们可以是用Instrumentation.ActivityMonitor来监测一个Activity。例如:
public void testFollowLink() {
final Instrumentation inst = getInstrumentation();
IntentFilter intentFilter = new IntentFilter(Intent.ACTION_VIEW);
intentFilter.addDataScheme("http");
intentFilter.addCategory(Intent.CATEGORY_BROWSABLE);
ActivityMonitor monitor = inst.addMonitor(
IntentFilter, null, false);
assertEquals(0, monitor.getHits());
TouchUtils.clickView(this, mLink); monitor.waitForActivityWithTimeout(5000);
assertEquals(1, monitor.getHits()); inst.removeMonitor(monitor);
}
l 使用Instrumentation来测试activities,它的生命周期的函数不会自动调用,只有onCreate方法会自动调用,你可以调用其他的生命周期通过getInstrumentation().callActivityOnXXX。
3 InstrumentationTestCase
它的子类:
l ActivityTestCase
l ProviderTestCase2
l SingleLaunchActivityTestCase
l SyncBaseInstrumentation
l ActivityInstrumentationTestCase2
l ActivityUnitTestCase
注意:android.test.ActivityInstrumentationTestCase从Android1.5开始已经不建议使用了,可以是用android.test.ActivityInstrumentationTestCase2替代。
3. 例子程序
1. 被测试程序
package com.vogella.android.test.simpleactivity;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.View;
public class MainActivity extends Activity {
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
}
public void onClick(View view) {
Intent intent = new Intent(this, SecondActivity.class);
intent.putExtra("URL", "http://www.vogella.com");
startActivity(intent);
}
}
2. 单元测试
package com.vogella.android.test.simpleactivity.test;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.test.TouchUtils;
import android.test.suitebuilder.annotation.SmallTest;
import android.widget.Button;
import com.vogella.android.test.simpleactivity.MainActivity;
public class MainActivityUnitTest extends
android.test.ActivityUnitTestCase {
private int buttonId;
private MainActivity activity;
public MainActivityUnitTest() {
super(MainActivity.class);
}
@Override
protected void setUp() throws Exception {
super.setUp();
Intent intent = new Intent(getInstrumentation().getTargetContext(),
MainActivity.class);
startActivity(intent, null, null);
activity = getActivity();
}
public void testLayout() {
buttonId = com.vogella.android.test.simpleactivity.R.id.button1;
assertNotNull(activity.findViewById(buttonId));
Button view = (Button) activity.findViewById(buttonId);
assertEquals("Incorrect label of the button", "Start", view.getText());
}
public void testIntentTriggerViaOnClick() {
buttonId = com.vogella.android.test.simpleactivity.R.id.button1;
Button view = (Button) activity.findViewById(buttonId);
assertNotNull("Button not allowed to be null", view);
view.performClick();
// TouchUtils cannot be used, only allowed in
// InstrumentationTestCase or ActivityInstrumentationTestCase2
// Check the intent which was started
Intent triggeredIntent = getStartedActivityIntent();
assertNotNull("Intent was null", triggeredIntent);
String data = triggeredIntent.getExtras().getString("URL");
assertEquals("Incorrect data passed via the intent",
"http://www.vogella.com", data);
}
}
3. 功能测试
package com.vogella.android.test.simpleactivity.test;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.app.Instrumentation;
import android.app.Instrumentation.ActivityMonitor;
import android.test.ActivityInstrumentationTestCase2;
import android.test.TouchUtils;
import android.test.ViewAsserts;
import android.view.KeyEvent;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.TextView;
import com.vogella.android.test.simpleactivity.R;
import com.vogella.android.test.simpleactivity.MainActivity;
import com.vogella.android.test.simpleactivity.SecondActivity;
public class MainActivityFunctionalTest extends
ActivityInstrumentationTestCase2 {
private MainActivity activity;
public MainActivityFunctionalTest() {
super(MainActivity.class);
}
@Override
protected void setUp() throws Exception {
super.setUp();
setActivityInitialTouchMode(false);
activity = getActivity();
}
public void testStartSecondActivity() throws Exception {
// add monitor to check for the second activity
ActivityMonitor monitor =
getInstrumentation().
addMonitor(SecondActivity.class.getName(), null, false);
// find button and click it
Button view = (Button) activity.findViewById(R.id.button1);
// TouchUtils handles the sync with the main thread internally
TouchUtils.clickView(this, view);
// to click on a click, e.g., in a listview
// listView.getChildAt(0);
// wait 2 seconds for the start of the activity
SecondActivity startedActivity = (SecondActivity) monitor
.waitForActivityWithTimeout(2000);
assertNotNull(startedActivity);
// search for the textView
TextView textView = (TextView) startedActivity.findViewById(R.id.resultText);
// check that the TextView is on the screen
ViewAsserts.assertOnScreen(startedActivity.getWindow().getDecorView(),
textView);
// validate the text on the TextView
assertEquals("Text incorrect", "Started", textView.getText().toString());
// press back and click again
this.sendKeys(KeyEvent.KEYCODE_BACK);
TouchUtils.clickView(this, view);
}
}
Robotium
public void testDisplayWhiteBox() {
//Defining our own values to multiply
float vFirstNumber = 10;
float vSecondNumber = 20;
float vResutl = vFirstNumber * vSecondNumber ;
//Access First value (edit-filed) and putting firstNumber value in it
EditText vFirstEditText = (EditText) solo.getView(R.id.EditText01);
solo.clearEditText(vFirstEditText);
solo.enterText(vFirstEditText, String.valueOf(vFirstNumber));
//Access Second value (edit-filed) and putting SecondNumber value in it
EditText vSecondEditText = (EditText) solo.getView(R.id.EditText02);
solo.clearEditText(vSecondEditText);
solo.enterText(vSecondEditText, String.valueOf(vSecondNumber));
//Click on Multiply button
solo.clickOnButton("Multiply");
assertTrue(solo.searchText(String.valueOf(vResutl)));
TextView outputField = (TextView) solo.getView(R.id.TextView01);
//Assert to verify result with visible value
assertEquals(String.valueOf(vResutl), outputField.getText().toString());
}
参考地址:
1 简介
Robotium是一款国外的Android自动化测试框架,主要针对Android平台的应用进行黑盒自动化测试,它提供了模拟各种手势操作(点击、长按、滑动等)、查找和断言机制的API,能够对各种控件进行操作。Robotium结合Android官方提供的测试框架达到对应用程序进行自动化的测试。另外,Robotium 4.0版本已经支持对WebView的操作。Robotium 对Activity,Dialog,Toast,Menu 都是支持的。
类似于selenium。
2 API
Solo类中提供了自动点击、取得、拖拽、搜索等各种方法。 声明Solo类型的成员变量privateSolo solo;
Activity&Fragment
assertCurrentActivity(text,Activity.class)- Ensure that the current activity equals the second parameter.
getCurrentActivity() .getFragmentManager().findFragmentById()-S earches for a fragment.
waitForActivity(SecondActivity.class,2000)- Waits for the specified activity for 2 seconds
点击
clickOnButton(int)—Clickson a Button with a given index.
clickOnButton(String)—Clickson a Button with a given text. clickOnCheckBox(int)—Clicks on a CheckBox with agiven index. clickOnView(View)—Clicks ona given View.
clickOnText(String)—Clickson a View displaying a given text. clickLongOnText(String)—Long clicks on agiven View. clickOnRadioButton(int)—Clicks on a RadioButton with a given index.clickOnScreen(float, float)—Clicks on a given coordinate on the
screen.
clickInList(x);-Click on item number x in a ListView
clickOnSearch-Allows to click on part of the screen.
pressSpinnerItem(0,2);-Presses an item in a Spinner
sendKey(Solo.MENU);-Sends the menu key event.
goBack()-Pressthe back button
取得
getCurrentActivity()—Returnsthe current Activity.
GetText(String)—Returnsa TextView which shows a given text.
getView(int)—Returnsa View with a given id.
getEditText(String)—Returnsan EditText which shows a given text. getImage(int)—Returns an ImageView with a given index.
拖拽
drag(float,float, float, float, int)—Simulate touching a given location and dragging it toa new location.
搜索
searchText(String)—Searchesfor a text string and returns true if at least one item is found with theexpected text.
searchEditText(String)—Searchesfor a text string in the EditText objects located in the current Activity. S
earchButton(String,boolean)—Searches for a Button with the given text string and returns true ifat least one Button is found.
waitForText(text)
输入
enterText()-Entersa text.
界面判断
isCheckBoxChecked()-Checksif the checkbox is checked.
截屏
takeScreenshot()-Savesa screenshot on the device inthe /sdcard/Robotium-Screenshots/ folder. Requiresthe android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE permission in theAndroidManifest.xml ofthe application under test.
4. QA
1. 在不知道ID的情况下怎么获取特定的view?
答:例如,ArrayList aa = solo.getCurrentViews(TextView.class), 然后断点调试查看是哪个view,TextViewtextview = aa.get(5);
2. 如何滚动和拖动?
答:solo.scrollXXX();solo.drag(初始X坐标,目标X坐标,Y,toY,步数); X,Y坐标可以通过HierarchyViewer工具获得,也可以通过Year.getLocationOnScreen(zuobiao)。
3. Robotium和robolectric区别?
答:Robotium是通过ui线程进行测试,一般用于对应传统的集成或系统测试;
Robolectric 是单元测试框架,好处是第一运行在JVM上,速度、性能高;
解决了Android自身因为环境问题的缺点以及减少了许多用Mock的地方。
4. 如何识别webview对象?
答:可以根据XPATH来进行点击和输入
solo.clickOnWebElement(By.xpath(text));
solo.enterTextInWebElement(By.xpath(text),s);
或者根据ID来获取
solo.clickOnWebElement(By.id(text));
solo.enterTextInWebElement(By.id(text), s);
Mockito
1. 简介
流行的mock框架
# jMock
http://jmock.org/
# EasyMock
http://easymock.org/
# Mockito
使用Mockito不能用在下面的情况:
final classes
anonymous classes
primitive types
2. 使用方法
when(....).thenReturn(....)
或者
doReturn(object).when(kdskfsk).methodCall
使用verify来保证方法被调用到了
例如:
@Test
public void test1() {
MyClass test = Mockito.mock(MyClass.class);
// define return value for method getUniqueId()
test.when(test.getUniqueId()).thenReturn(43);
// TODO use mock in test....
// now check if method testing was called with the parameter 12
Mockito.verify(test).testing(Matchers.eq(12));
// was the method called twice?
Mockito.verify(test, Mockito.times(2));
}
3. Mock和Spy的区别
如果你mock了一个类,那么这个类的所有的函数都被Mockito改写了(如果是没有返回值的函数,则什么都不作,如果是有返回值,会返回默认值,比如布尔型的话返回false,List的话会返回一个空的列表,int的话会返回0等等),如果你Spy了一个类,那么所有的函数都没有被改变,除了那些被你打过桩的函数。看例子:
public class TestServiceImpl
{
public int getOrderCounts()
{
return 10;
}
}
@Test
public void MockVsSpy()
{
TestServiceImpl service = mock(TestServiceImpl.class);
//输出0,因为该函数被Mockito改写了
System.out.println("Order counts of mock object" + service.getOrderCounts());
when(service.getOrderCounts()).thenReturn(2);
//输出2, 因为我们给这个函数打了桩
System.out.println("Order counts of mock object AFTER stubs " + service.getOrderCounts());
service = new TestServiceImpl();
service = spy(service);
//输出10, 因为Mockito spy 不会改写已有的函数
System.out.println("Order counts of spy object" + service.getOrderCounts());
when(service.getOrderCounts()).thenReturn(2);
//输出2, 因为我们给这个函数打了桩
System.out.println("Order counts of spy object AFTER stubs " + service.getOrderCounts());
}
4. 如何写自定义的参数匹配器
看例子
public class Account
{
private String name;
private String adddress;
public Account(String name, String address)
{
this.name = name;
this.adddress = address;
}
...get/set 函数
}
public interface AccountDao
{
public void addAccount(Account a);
}
public class AccountServiceImpl
{
AccountDao dao;
public AccountServiceImpl(AccountDao dao)
{
this.dao = dao;
}
public void addAccount(String name, String address)
{
dao.addAccount(new Account(name, address));
}
}
public class AccountServiceImplTest
{
@Test
public void addAccount()
{
AccountDao dao = mock(AccountDao.class);
AccountServiceImpl service = new AccountServiceImpl(dao);
service.addAccount("obama", "white house");
verify(dao).addAccount(new Account("obama", "white house"));
}
}
上面的例子会失败,因为Mockito在做参数匹配时是根据equals函数的结果来判断两个参数是不是一样的。而我们的Account类并没有对equals作特殊的实现,所以会失败。修正的方法有三个,一个是改写Account类的equals函数。一个是用Mockito的反射相等匹配,就是把最后一句改成。
verify(dao).addAccount(refEq(new Account("obama", "white house")));
最后一种方法是写一个自定义的参数匹配器,如果Account的代码不是你控制的,那么你就只能选这种方法了。这时候最后一句要改成这样:
verify(dao).addAccount(argThat(new ArgumentMatcher()
{
@Override
public boolean matches(Object argument)
{
Account person = (Account)argument;
return person.getName().equals("obama") && person.getAddress().equals("white house") ? true : false;
}
}));
在Android中使用Mockito:
需要下载下面3个库文件。
http://dexmaker.googlecode.com/files/dexmaker-1.0.jar
http://dexmaker.googlecode.com/files/dexmaker-mockito-1.0.jar
https://code.google.com/p/mockito/
android mock测试资源,Android测试基础整理篇相关推荐
- android mock测试资源,Android测试教程 Mock之mockito,异步测试
1. mockito是干什么的? Mock框架之一,其余的还有EasyMock,PowerMock等. Mock说白了就是打桩(Stub)或则模拟,当你调用一个不好在测试中创建的对象时, Mock框 ...
- android mock测试资源,Android 单元测试 --Mock 及 Mockito
以前我在 Mock 概念 所谓的 Mock 就是创建一个类的虚假的对象,在测试环境中,用来替换掉真实的对象,主要提供两大功能: 验证这个对象的某些方法的调用情况,调用了多少次,参数是什么等等 指定这个 ...
- 测试岗位面试前复习之【测试基础知识篇】
测试基础知识篇 一.app测试相关 1.android与ios的app测试的区别: 2.app测试和web测试的重点: 3.性能测试考量的指标: 4.app的性能测试,需要重点关注哪些方面? 5.站在 ...
- Android 应用层组件安全测试基础实战技巧
文章目录 前言 Adb Shell am指令 pm指令 other- Intent 组件间调用 setPackage 隐式意图劫持 拒绝服务攻击 DeepLink链接 组件权限 自定义权限 未定义权限 ...
- Android自定义控件开发系列(零)——基础原理篇
在后边的文章中发现在说Android自定义时,有时候要重复解释很多东西,所以想想返回来增加一篇"基础原理篇",直接进入正题吧-- 首先的问题是:在Android项目开发中,什么时候 ...
- 重学Android基础系列篇(五):Android虚拟机指令
前言 本系列文章主要是汇总了一下大佬们的技术文章,属于Android基础部分,作为一名合格的安卓开发工程师,咱们肯定要熟练掌握java和android,本期就来说说这些~ [非商业用途,如有侵权,请告 ...
- 日历 android 周历,Android Studio 基础 之 获取系统Calendar 日历日程 (涉及指定日期时间判断是星期几的方法使用)的方法整理...
Android Studio 基础 之 获取系统Calendar 日历日程 (涉及指定日期时间判断是星期几的方法使用)的方法整理 目录 Android Studio 基础 之 获取系统Calendar ...
- Android测试(二):Android测试基础
原文地址:https://developer.android.com/training/testing/fundamentals.html 用户在不同的级别上与你的应用产生交互.从按下按钮到将信息下载 ...
- Android自动化测试第一季(基础篇)-金阳光-专题视频课程
Android自动化测试第一季(基础篇)-32195人已学习 课程介绍 Android自动化测试第一季 初级 课程收益 零基础 讲师介绍 金阳光 更多讲师课程 ...
最新文章
- 【青少年编程】【三级】躲避恐龙
- python求向量函数的雅可比矩阵_在python Numpy中求向量和矩阵的范数实例
- 电路与电子学-第一章直流电路分析方法小概括
- 利用QCustomePlot绘制热力图,瀑布图,频谱色图等
- ubuntu下修改文件夹权限
- 全国计算机二级准考证贵州,贵州计算机二级考试准考证打印时间
- com.mysql.jdbc.NotUpdatable: Result Set not updatable (references no primary keys).(解决方法)
- java 图片组合 分解_切分和组合图片(二)
- 微软:求你们别再用 IE 浏览器了
- 多输出模型的评价和模型预测
- ES组件elasticsearch-head报错 npm ERR! Please include the following file with any support request
- 关于linux下fork()函数的解析:子进程继续创建子进程,如何停止?
- URL和URI(二)URI
- 推荐个汇编语言编译器 XP系统
- 对于can通信过滤器的理解
- 手机html设计规范,手机网页设计尺寸规范具体是多少?
- 以自动化为“遮羞布”,亚马逊掩盖了惊人的工伤记录
- 创业6年,估值$750亿!张一鸣:人才不是核心竞争力,机制才是!
- python注册用户名和密码登录_用户名和密码登录
- 漫画算法python篇_漫画算法:小灰的算法之旅(Python篇)(全彩)
热门文章
- 投机者怎样于2019年3月18日前后的证券市场中利用底部放量实现程序化交易
- python读xml文件生成.h头文件_PYTHON读写xml文件的方法
- 2018蓝桥杯复现4
- socket 发送 TCP和UDP方式
- 计算机除尘的操作步骤,PC除尘降温不求人 脚本之家手把手教你如何清理电脑
- “我,35岁研发经理,月薪5W+,每年涨薪6-8K,特别焦虑” 评论区网友吵翻了
- 【高等数学笔记】彻底弄懂最小二乘法(Least Squares Method)
- iOS12 Siri ShortCuts 应用 (二)
- 【最小生成树】洛谷P2259 Charmer--viv
- 支付宝七(商户会员卡之发放卡券)