pring对Controller、Service、Dao进行Junit单元测试总结

​ 所有用Junit进行单元测试，都需要下面的配置

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)

@ContextConfiguration(locations = {"classpath:applicationContext.xml"})

​ applicationContext.xml 是整个项目的Spring的配置文件。包括数据源配置、MVC配置和各种Bean的注册扫描。如果你是多个文件，就用都好隔开写多个，像这样

{ "classpath:applicationContext.xml","classpath:servlet-context.xml"}

1.Dao层的单元测试。

​ 将*Mapper接口注入进来，直接调用即可。加上@Transactional 事物管理注解以后，单元测试执行完后会撤销对数据库的修改。想看增删改的结果的话，可以把这个注解先注释。

~~~java

package testDao;

import com.susq.mbts.dao.UserMapper;

import com.susq.mbts.domain.User;

import org.junit.Test;

import org.junit.runner.RunWith;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;

import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;

import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;

import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional;

import java.util.Date;

/**

* Created by susq on 2017-5-3.

*/

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)

@ContextConfiguration(locations = {“classpath:applicationContext.xml”})

@Transactional

public class DaoTests {

@Autowired

private UserMapper userMapper;

@Test

public void testSelect() {

User userInfo = userMapper.selectByPrimaryKey(1L);

System.out.println(userInfo);

}

@Test

public void insert(){

User user = new User();

// user.setId(5L);

user.setAge(“9”);

user.setName(“王五”);

user.setSex(“M”);

user.setCreateTime(new Date());

userMapper.insert(user);

}

@Test

public void testUpdate() {

User user = new User();

user.setId(5L);

user.setAge("999");

user.setName("王五");

user.setSex("M");

user.setCreateTime(new Date());

userMapper.updateByPrimaryKey(user);

}

@Test

public void testDelete() {

userMapper.deleteByPrimaryKey(7L);

}

}

2. Service层的单元测试与Dao层基本一致，把Service注入进来调用就行。

~~~java

package testDao;

import com.susq.mbts.domain.User;

import com.susq.mbts.service.UserService;

import org.junit.Test;

import org.junit.runner.RunWith;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;

import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;

import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;

/**

* Created by susq on 2017-5-8.

*/

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)

@ContextConfiguration(locations = {“classpath:applicationContext.xml”})

public class Sertest {

@Autowired

private UserService userService;

@Test

public void selectUserTest() {

User u = userService.selectUser(1);

System.out.println(u);

}

}

3. Controller层的单元测试

​ 一种是把Controller的Bean注入进来，调里面的方法，这很显然比较扯淡，连Url都没经过，只测了方法。另一种是使用MockMvc模拟通过url的接口调用。MockMvc是SpringMVC提供的Controller测试类，每次进行单元测试时，都是预先执行@Before中的setup方法，初始healthArticleController单元测试环境。

​ 注意：一定要把待测试的Controller实例进行MockMvcBuilders.standaloneSetup(xxxxController).build(); 否则会抛出无法找到@RequestMapping路径的异常：No mapping found for HTTP request with URI [/cms/app/getArticleList] in DispatcherServlet

package testDao;

import com.susq.mbts.controller.UserController;

import org.junit.Before;

import org.junit.Test;

import org.junit.runner.RunWith;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;

import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;

import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;

import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.MockMvc;

import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.MvcResult;

import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.ResultActions;

import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.request.MockMvcRequestBuilders;

import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.setup.MockMvcBuilders;

/**

* Created by susq on 2017-5-8.

*/

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)

@ContextConfiguration(locations = {"classpath:applicationContext.xml"})

public class ConTest {

@Autowired

private UserController userController;

private MockMvc mockMvc;

@Before

public void setup(){

mockMvc = MockMvcBuilders.standaloneSetup(userController).build();

}

@Test

public void Ctest() throws Exception {

ResultActions resultActions = this.mockMvc.perform(MockMvcRequestBuilders.post("/show_user3").param("id", "1"));

MvcResult mvcResult = resultActions.andReturn();

String result = mvcResult.getResponse().getContentAsString();

System.out.println("=====客户端获得反馈数据:" + result);

// 也可以从response里面取状态码，header,cookies...

// System.out.println(mvcResult.getResponse().getStatus());

}

}